Idol Hunting

[ben]

cado : to fall, drop, plummet, topple.
caecus : blind, sightless.
caelestis : heavenly, celestial / noun, a god, dweller in heaven.
caelum : sky, heaven.
calamitas : calamity, misfortune, disaster.
calamus : anything made or reed -- pen, arrow, pipe, etc.
calcar, -is : spur.
calco : to tread, trample upon.
calculus : pebble, stone.
callide : skillfully, cleverly / cunningly, slyly, subtly.
callidus : clever, dextrous, experienced, skilful / cunning, sly.
Cameracum : Cambrai.
campana : bell.
candidus : bright, shining, white.
canis : dog.
canonicus : canonical, according to the canons, legal, lawful, right.
canonus : canon, member of a cathedral chapter or canonry, Augustinian.
canto : to sing.
capillus : hair.
capio : to seize, take, choose / attack, injure / comprehend.
capitulus : chapter, chapter meeting, chapter house.
capto : to grab, try to get, grab at.
caput capitis : head / top, summit / chief
carbo carbonis : carbon, coal, charcoal.
carcer : prison, cell, jail, dungeon.
careo : (+ abl. of sep.) be without, be deprived of, lack, want.
caries : rottenness, corruption, decay.
cariosus : rotten, decayed.
caritas : dearness, affection / charity.
carmen : song, poem.
Carnotense : Chartres.
Carnutum Carnotum : Chartres.
carpo : to pluck, seize, grab, lay hold of, hold on to.
carus : dear, beloved / costly, high-priced, expensive.
casso : to bring to naught, destroy, annul, make void.
caste : purely, spotlessly, purely, uprightly, chastely.
Castellandum : Chateaudun.
casus : accident, chance, fortune.
catena : chain, fetters.
caterva : crowd, troop, flock.
catervatim : in troops, in masses.
Cathalaunenses : Chalons.
cattus : cat.
cauda : the tail of an animal.
causa : (in the abl.) on account of, for the sake of.
causa : cause / reason, motive, pretext / interest.
causa : case at law, case, law-suit / situation, condition.
caute cautim : cautiously, with security.
cautela : caution, precaution, security.
caveo cavi cautum : beware, avoid, look out for.
cavus : hole, pit.
cedo : to go, proceed / turn out, happen / go away, withdraw.
cedo cessi cessum : to grant, yield.
cedo : (+ dat.) give ground to, submit to, be inferior to.
celebrer : famous, renowned.
celebrus : abounding in, rich in, much frequented, respected.
celer : quick, swift, rapid, speedy, fast.
celeritas : speed, swiftness, rapidity, quickness.
celeriter : rapidly, quickly, swiftly, speedily.
celo : to hide, conceal, keep secret.
cena : dinner, meal.
cenaculum : garret, attic.
ceno : to dine.
censura : judgement.
centum : (indecl.) one hundred, 100.
cerno : to separate, sift, distinguish / decide, resolve, determine.
cernuus : falling headlong.
certe certo : (adv) certainly, assuredly.
certo : to contend, settle, dispute, to settle by combat.
certus : undoubted, certain, sure.
certus : settled, resolved, decided / definite, certain, sure.
cervus : stag, deer
cetera : for the rest, otherwise
ceteri : the remaining, the rest, the others
ceterum : (adv.) otherwise, moreover, but.
ceterus : the other, the rest.
charisma carisma : gift, present.
chirographum : autograph, person's own handwriting / written charter.
cibo : food for animals
cibus : food for men and animals.
cicuta : hemlock.
cilicium : (? Herimann, p. 311)
cimentarius : mason?
ciminatio : accusation, calumny, charge.
ciminosus : reproachful, slanderous.
cinis cineris : ashes, embers.
circumvenio : to come around, surround, cheat, defraud.
circumvenio : to beset, assail.
cito: quickly, rapidly, speedily.
civilis : civil, civic.
civis : citizen, townsman, bourgeois, burgess.
civitas : state, citizenship, city-state.
clam : secretly, in secret.
clamo : to call, shout, cry aloud, proclaim, declare.
clamor : loud shouting, cry.
claro : to make bright or clear, make clear in the mind.
clarus : clear, bright / renowned, famous, illustrious
claudeo : to limp, halt, be lame, to hobble.
claudo (clausus) : to confine, shut up, close, blockade, besiege.
claudus : lame.
claustrum : bolt, bar, prison, den, pen, enclosure / cloister.
clementia : indulgence, forbearance, humanity, mercy, gentleness, etc.
clibanus : oven, furnace / tray for bread making.
coadunatio : a gathering together, a summing up, a uniting.
coaegresco : to become sick at the same time.
coepi : (pres. incipio ) : began, started, undertook, initiated.
coerceo : surround, enclose, restrain, confine.
cogito : to think, ruminate, ponder, consider, plan.
cognatus : (adj.) related by blood (noun) a relative, kinsman.
cognomen : surname, family name, nick-name.
cognosco : to examine, inquire, learn.
cogo, coegi, coactum : to compel, restrict, confine.
cogo, coegi, coactum : to bring together, drive, draw.
cohaero cohero cohesi cohesum : to adhere, stick together
cohibeo : confine, restrain, hold back, repress.
cohors : a yard, enclosure / troop, 1 / 10 of a legion.
cohortor : to encourage, incite, exhort.
colligo : to gather together, collect, assemble.
colloco : to place, put, arrange.
collum : neck.
colo colui cultum : cultivate, cherish
color : color.
coloratus : colored / dark-complexioned.
coloro : to color.
coma : hair of the head, leaves, rays of light.
combibo : to drink up, suck in.
comburo : to burn up, to ruin, consume.
comedo comedi comesum : to eat up, consume / waste, squander.
comes comitis : companion, friend, comrade / count.
cometes : comet
cometissa comitissa : countess.
comis : courteous, kind, friendly.
comitatus : train, retinue, following / war band.
comiter : courteously, in a kindly, friendly manner.
comitto : to entrust, commit.
commemoro : to remind, relate, mention.
commeo : To go up and down, back and forth, in and out.
commessatio, onis : eating together.
comminor : to threaten.
comminuo : to scatter, weaken, damage.
comminus : hand to hand, in close combat.
commisceo : to intermingle, join, mix.
commissum : undertaking, that which is entrusted.
commodo : (+ acc.) to furnish, lend, give.
commodo : to make fit, adapt, please, oblige, serve.
commodum : suitable time, opportunity, convenience, use.
commodum : convenience, advantage, opportunity, comfort.
commoneo : to remind someone forcibly of something.
commoneo : to remember, recollect.
commoneo : to impress upon one. to remind.
commoveo : to move violently, disturb, shake / excite, upset.
communis : common, general, run of the mill.
comparo : to compare.
compater : the godfather of a man's child.
compatior : to suffer with one, feel pity, have compassion.
compello : to drive together, collect, force, compel.
comperio : to disclose wholly, lay open / learn, find out.
comperio : to disclose fully, find out with certainty.
comperte : on good authority.
compes, compedis : fetters, shackles, chained.
compes : fetters, shackles, chains.
competo : to be appropriate, suitable, fit.
complectus : embrace, grasp.
compleo : to finish.
compleo : to fill up, man, bring up to strength, fulfill.
compono : to put together, compose.
compositio : composition, agreement, pact / arrangement.
compositus : orderly, matching, made up of pieces.
comprehendo : to seize, arrest, take prisoner, catch red-handed.
comprehendo : to grasp, take together, unite / comprehend.
comprehendo : to embrace, take firmly, include, seize.
comprobo : to approve fully / to confirm, prove, establish.
comprovincialis : born in the same province.
comptus : a head-dress, a hairband.
conatus : exertion, effort / undertaking / impulse, inclination.
concedo : to concede, yield, allow, grant, withdraw, give up.
concepta : measures, capacity.
concero : connect join, twine, join in conflict.
concido : to fall down, sink, perish / (wind) subside.
concido : to be ruined, fail / cut up, cut down, destroy.
concilium : council
concipio : to take or lay hold of, receive, take in.
concisus : cut up, broken, brief, concise.
concito : to move violently, stir up, excite.
conculco : to tread under foot, despise, oppress, suppress.
concupiscentia : avarice, covetousness.
concupisco : to covet, aim at, desire eagerly.
concutio : to shake, disturb, agitate.
concutio : to shake together, agitate, alarm, disturb, shatter.
Condato : Cond.
condico : to agree, fix, settle, make arrangements.
conduco : hire, employ for wages, among many other meanings.
confero : to bring together, put together, collect /
confero : discuss, debate, confer / betake oneself, devote.
confestim : immediately, without delay.
confido : have confidence in, be confident of, rely upon.
confiteor confessus : to confess, own up, admit, acknowledge.
conforto : to strengthen much.
confugo : to flee, have recourse to, take refuge.
congregatio : assembly, society, union.
congrego : to gather together, assemble, convene.
congruus : agreeing, fit, suitable.
conicio : to hurl, throw / put together, conjecture.
coniecto : to throw together, infer, guess, conclude.
conitor : to press upon, to struggle to reach
coniuratio : conspiracy, plot.
coniuratus : conspirator, plotter.
coniuro : to take an oath together, plot, conspire.
conor : to undertake, try, venture, presume, attempt.
conqueror : to complain loudly.
conscendo : to ascend, mount, go up.
conscientia : conscience, consciousness, knowledge
conscindo : to tear in pieces.
conscius : conscious of, aware of.
conservo : to preserve, conserve, maintain, keep, hold to.
considero : to look at, regard carefully,
consido : to set down, settle.
consilio : intentionally, on purpose, designedly.
consilium : deliberation, consultation, assembly, council.
consilium : advice, suggestion, wisdom, plan, purpose, judgment.
consisto : (+ in) to depend on, rely on.
consisto : to take one's stand, stand still, stop, be posted.
consisto : (+ abl. etc.) to be formed of, consist / stop, stay.
consitor : sower, planter.
conspergo : to sprinkle, bestrew.
conspicio : to catch sight of, perceive, behold, understand.
constans : steady, firm, unchanging, constant, unwavering.
constanter : steadily, firmly.
constituo : to set up, place, establish, post, station.
constituo : to arrange, decide, appoint, settle, found, set up.
consto : to be established, stand firm, stop, endure.
constringo constrixi constrictum : to bind, confine, restrain.
construo construxi constructum : to construct, build, arrange.
constupator : ravisher, debaucher.
constupro : to ravish, corrupt.
consuasor : advisor, counselor.
consuefacio : to accustom, acclimate, become used to.
consuesco : to accustom, inure, habituate
consueta : customary, usual.
consuetudo : custom, usage, habit / intimacy, familiar acquaintance.
consulatio : deliberation, inquiry, full consideration.
consulo : to reflect, consider, ponder, reflect.
consulo : (+ dat.) look to the interests of / consult, ask advice.
consulo : to look to the interests of, come to a conclusion.
consulto : to ask the advice of, consult.
consulto : to consider carefully, weigh, ponder.
consultum : decree.
consummatio : completion, summing up, adding up.
consummo : to add together, sum up, make perfect, complete.
consumo : to spend, employ, use up, finish, waste away, destroy.
consuo consui consutum : to sew together, stitch.
consurgo : to stand up, rise up / to arise, break out.
contabesco : to waste slowly away, decline in health.
contactus : touching, contact / contagion.
contages : a touch, contact.
contagio contagium : contagion, infection / touching, contact.
contamino : to pollute, infect.
contego : to cover, shield, protect, defend.
contemno : to think meanly of, despise, condemn, hate.
contemplatio : survey, contemplation.
contemplor : to mark out, regard, consider carefully, survey.
contemptim : contemptuously.
contemptio : scorn, disdain, contempt.
contemptus : despised, despicable, contemptible.
contendo : to compare, contrast / compete.
contendo : to contend, strive, struggle, hasten.
contendo : to assert, maintain / shoot (a missile), cast.
contente : eagerly, earnestly.
contentus : contented, satisfied
contentus : strained, stretched / eager, zealous.
contigo : (with dat.), to happen, befall.
contineo : to touch, reach, grasp, affect, infect.
contineo contigi, contectum : border on / befall (good luck).
contineo : to keep in, surround, contain, confine, include.
contineo : hold together, keep together, connect, join.
contineo: to hold back, restrain.
contingo : (contactum) to touch closely, happen to, befall.
continuo : (adv.) immediately, at once.
continuus : connected together, continuous, uninterrupted.
contra : (+ acc.) against.
contradictio : a speaking against, contradiction.
contrado : to deliver together, or wholly.
contraho : to draw together, collect, assemble, carry out.
contristo : to make sad or gloomy
contristo : to sadden, afflict, damage (of crops).
conturbo : to confuse, scatter, throw into confusion, distress.
conventus : coming together, assembly, union, congress.
conversatio : way, manner of life / monastic life.
converto : to turn around, cause to turn / to adopt the monastic life.
convoco : to call together, convene.
copia : abundance, supply.
copiae copie : supplies, troops, forces.
copiose : fully, at length, copiously.
Corbeiam : Corbie.
cornu : horn.
corona : crown, diadem.
corpus corporis : body, corpse.
correptius : more shortly.
corrigo : (correctum) : to make correct, make right.
corripio : to seize, snatch up, steal, (of a disease) attack
corroboro : to strengthen.
corrumpo : to break up, destroy, annihilate / spoil, weaken.
corrumpo : (documents) to falsify / (character) to corrupt.
corruo : to fall to the ground, sink down / be ruined, destroyed.
Corturiacum : Courtrai.
coruscus : (a) flashing, twinkling, shaking, trembling.
cotidie : daily, every day.
Courtacum : Courtrai.
crapula : wine-drinking, intoxication, drunkenness.
cras : (adv.) tomorrow, on the morrow.
crastinus : of the morrow, the morrow.
creator : creator, founder.
creatura : creature, servant.
creber : thick, frequent, numerous.
crebro : repeatedly, often, one after the other, time after time.
credo : to believe / trust, commit / trust in, rely on / think.
creo : to create, make.
creptio : taking by force, seizure.
crepusculum : dusk, twilight.
cresco : (cretum) : to grow, increase, expand.
creta : chalk, fuller's earth.
cribro : to sift.
cribrum : sieve.
crinis : hair.
crinitus : long haired.
cruciamentum : torture, torment.
crucio : to torture, torment.
crudelis : cruel.
cruentus : to make bloody, stain with blood.
cruentus : bloody, bloodthirsty, blood-red.
crur, cruris : leg, shank, shin, also foot.
crustulum : pastry, cookie.
crux crucis : cross.
cubicularis : pertaining to a bedroom
cubicularius : bed-chamber servant, chamberlain.
cubiculum : bedroom, sleeping chamber.
cubitum ire : to go to bed, retire
cubitum : the elbow / a cubit.
cubo : to lie down, recline.
cui : (masc. sing. dat.) TO WHOM did you give it?
cui : (fem. sing. dat.) IN WHICH (province) did you live?
cui : (neut. sing. dat.) (the monster), TO WHOM the cattle belonged.
cuius : (neut. sing. gen) (the building) the size OF WHICH was great.
cuius : (masc. sing. gen.) (the saint) WHOSE virtues were many.
cuius : (fem. sing. gen.) (the queen), the vices OF WHOM were many.
cuiusmodi : of what kind.
culpa : fault, blame, (esp. against chastity).
culpo : to blame, censure, accuse.
cultellus : a little knife.
cultura : cultivation
cum : (prep + abl.) with.
cum : (with indicative) when.
cum : (with subjunctive) when, as, while, since, although.
cunabula : cradle.
cunae : nest for young birds.
cunctatio : delay.
cunctator : delayer, procrastinator,
cunctor : to delay, impede, hold up.
cunctus : all, all collectively, the whole.
cupiditas : ambition, avarice, party spirit, eager desire.
cupido : passion, desire, wanting, yearning, longing.
cupio : to desire, wish, long for, desire.
cuppedia : delicacies, candies, sweetmeats.
cupressus : cypress, cypress wood, a cypress-wood casket.
cur : why, wherefore.
cura : management, administration, care, concern, charge.
curatio : attention / medical attention, healing, curing.
curator : guardian, overseer
curia : court
curiositas : curiosity, inquisitiveness, nosiness.
curiosus : careful, attentive / curious, inquisitive / worn out by cares.
curis quris : a spear.
curo : to care for, trouble about, pay attention to.
curo : manage, administer / provide money.
curo : (+gerundive) to see to a thing being done / cure, rest.
curriculum : a running, race, lap around the track, course.
currus : cart / a plow with wheels.
cursim : hastily, quickly, rapidly.
cursito : to run up and down.
curso : to run back and forth.
cursor : runner, carrier, messenger.
cursus : a race, a running, race course, race track, course.
curto : to shorten, abbreviate.
Curtracus : Courtrai.
curtus : shortened / mutilated, defective / gelded.
curvo : to bend, arch, curve / influence.
curvus : arched, bent, bowed, curved, crooked, wrong (morally crooked).
custodia : protection, custody.
custodiae custodie : guards, wardens.
custos : (custodis) : guardian, keeper, watchman, attendant, guard / spy.
D

damnatio : condemnation.
damno : to condemn, damn.
dapifer : seneschal.
de : (prep. + abl.) down from, from, concerning, about.
debeo : to owe, to be morally bound to, to be bound by.
debilito : to weaken, enervate, sap, exhaust.
decens, decenter : properly, fittingly, suitably.
decerno : to decide, determine, settle.
decerto : to contend, fight to the finish.
decet : it is seemly, comely, suitable, proper.
decimus : tenth.
decipio : (deceptus) ensnare, trap, beguile, deceive, cheat.
decor : beauty, grace.
decoro : beautify, embellish, adorn.
decorus : beautiful, graceful, charming, proper, fit, becoming.
decretum : decree, judgment, edict, order.
decumbo : to fall, fall into, lie down.
dedecor : unseemly, shameful, disgraceful, dishonorable.
dedecus : shame, dishonor, disgrace, crime, dishonorable act.
dedico : to dedicate.
deduco : to lad out colonists, found a colony.
defaeco : to cleanse, purify, purge.
defendo : to defend, ward off, protect, shelter.
defero : to hand over, carry down, communicate, offer, refer.
defessus : weary, tired.
defetiscor (defessus) : to grow tired, weary.,
deficio : (defectum) : to fail, to weaken, to be in want.
defigo : fasten down, secure, fix firmly / concentrate, fix upon.
defleo : to weep for, bewail.
defleo : to bewail, weep for.
defluo : to flow down, waste, disappear.
defluo : to flow away, disappear, be lost.
defungo : to discharge one's duties, quit, retire, die, finish
degenero : to cause to degenerate, disgrace by degeneracy.
degenero : to be unlike one's kind, fall off, degenerate.
degero : to pass time, live.
degusto : to taste.
deinde : next, then, thereafter, from that place.
delectatio : delight, pleasure, enjoyment.
delecto : to attract, delight / (pass + abl) take delight in.
delego : to transfer, commit, assign, impute, attribute, ascribe.
deleo : (deletum ) to destroy, wipe out, erase.
delibero : to consider, deliberate.
delicate : luxuriously, delicately, slowly.
delicate : (adv.) luxuriously.
deliciae : allurements, charms, delights, fancies / sweetheart
delinquo : to fail, be wanting / fail in duty, commit a crime.
deludo : to mock, cheat.
demens : (dementis ) : insane, mad, out of one's mind, foolish.
demergo : to sink, plunge into, dip under, go into debt.
demitto : set down, let fall (to offer payment to the church), lower.
demo : to take away, subtract.
demonstro : to indicate, show, describe, explain.
demoror : to loiter, linger, tarry, belay.
demulceo : to stroke down, caress by stroking.
demum : at length at last, finally.
denego : to refuse, deny, reject.
denique : at last, finally, again, in short.
dens : (dentis ) : tooth.
denuncio : declare, give notice, announce.
denuntio : to announce officially, pronounce, declare.
denuo : anew, again, a second time, afresh.
deorsum : downwards.
depereo : to perish, be utterly ruined.
depono : to put down, lay aside.
depopulo depopulor : to lay waste, ravage, devastate.
deporto : to carry off, to take away.
depraedor depredor : to plunder, lay waste, pillage, ravage.
deprecator : intercessor, one who pleads on behalf.
deprecor : to entreat for, beg for / intercede / curse.
deprecor : to beg by entreaty, to excuse oneself / curse.
deprehensio : detection.
deprimo (depressus) : to press down, depress, low-lying.
depromo : to take down, produce, fetch out.
depulso : push aside, thrust away.
deputo : to count, estimate / prune, cut off.
derelinquo : to forsake, desert, abandon.
derideo : to laugh at, mock, deride.
deripio : to tear down, snatch away.
desidero : to long for, wish for greatly, to miss.
desidiosus : lazy, unmotivated.
desino (desiit) : to leave off, give over, cease, stop, desist.
desino : cease, stop, end, desist.
desipio : to act foolishly, play the fool, make an ass of one's self.
desolo : to leave desolate, abandoned, to forsake.
desparatus : given up on / desperate
despecto : overlook, despise, look down upon.
despero : to have no hope, despair, give up.
despero : to be without hope, despair / despair of, give up.
despiciens : contemptuous.
despicio : to look down, regard from above, despise.
desposco : to demand.
destinatus : resolute, firm, determined, with one's mind made up.
destituo : to set down, place / abandon, leave in the lurch.
detego detectum : to uncover, lay bare, disclose.
determino : to fix the limits of, set boundaries to, delimit.
detineo : hold off, hold back, detain.
detrimentum : damage, loss, detriment.
deus : god.
devenio : to come to, arrive at, reach.
devito : to avoid.
devoco : to call away, call down, call aside.
devotio : (Christian) piety, devotion, zeal.
devoveo : to consecrate, sacrifice, devote / curse, execrate.
dexter : right, on the right.
dextera : the right hand.
diabolus : devil, Satan.
dico : (dictum ) to say, tell, speak, name, call, pronounce.
dictata : things dictated, lessons, presents.
dictator : dictator.
dictito : to say often, reiterate.
dicto : to say often, dictate, get written down.
didicerat : (?) Herimann, p. 281.
didico : to be told (Herimann cap. 39, 44).
dido dididi didtum : to separate, divide, distribute.
dies diei : day
diffama -tus : spread around, made known.
differo : to spread news / delay, defer, postpone.
differo : to spread about, spread news / harrass, disturb.
differo : to delay, postpone / to differ, be different.
differtus : stuffed full, crammed, jammed.
difficilis : difficult, hard, troublesome.
difficultas : difficulty, need, trouble, distress.
digestor : arranger, composer, one who makes a pattern.
dignitas : merit, worth, prestige, dignity.
dignosco dignosco : to distinguish, recognize as different.
dignus : (+ abl.) worthy, worthy of, meritorious.
digredior digredi digressus : to depart, deviate, digress.
digressio : separation, departure, digression.
digressus : separation, departure, digression.
dilabor : to break up, scatter, dissolve, slip away, fall apart.
dilato : to spread out, extend, expand, increase.
dilgenter : attentively, earnestly, carefully, diligently.
diligens : diligent, careful.
diligentia : diligence, industry, perseverance, persistence.
diligo : to choose out, esteem highly, prize, love.
diluculo : dawn, daybreak.
diluo : (of troubles) to remove, resolve.
dimidium : half.
dimitto : to break up, dismiss, leave, abandon.
directus : plain, simple, direct, open, straightforward.
diripio : to tear in pieces, lay waste, devastate, plunder.
diripio : to separate, tear apart / pillage, devastate, lay waste.
dirunitas : long duration.
diruo : to demolish, destroy, ruin.
discedo : (discessum ) : to break up, depart, go away, pass away.
discidium : separation, division, disagreement, tearing apart.
discipulus : disciple, student, learner, pupil.
disco : to learn, become acquainted with.
discrepo : to differ, to be different, vary, disagree.
dispono : to arrange, put in order, draw up (troops).
disputatio : debate, dispute, discussion.
disputo : discuss.
dissero : to examine, treat of, discuss.
dissimilis : unlike, different, disparate, dissimilar, distinct.
dissimulo : to ignore, leave unnoticed.
dissimulo : to conceal, disguise, keep secret.
dissolutus : lax, weak, wanting in energy, dissolute, profligate.
distinguo : to mark off, distinguish, divide / separate.
distribuo : to distribute, divide.
districtus (fr. distringo) : strict, severe / hesitating / busy.
distulo :(past) to delay [MGHss 25 : 268].
dito : to enrich, make wealthy.
diu : by day, for a long time, a long time ago.
diu : adv. a long while, long time, for a long time.
diutinus : lasting a long time, enduring, long-lived.
diutius : longer, too long (a period of time).
diuturnus : lasting a long time, of long duration.
diversus : different, unlike, opposed, hostile.
dives : rich, opulent, wealthy.
divinitus : divine influence, admirably, nobly, by inspiration.
divinus : divine, sacred.
divitiae divitie : riches, wealth.
do dare dedi datum : to give, offer, convey, offer, donate, furnish.
doceo docui doctum : to instruct, teach, tutor.
doctor : teacher.
doctrina : doctrine, teaching, instruction, learning.
doctus : taught, instructed, learned, tutored.
dolens : painfully.
doleo : to suffer pain, to be pained, grieve.
dolor : pain, grief. misery, pain, suffering.
dolose : slyly, deceitfully.
dolosus : crafty, cunning, sly, deceitful.
dolus : fraud, deceit, guile, treachery, a trap.
domesticus : domestic, civil.
domina domina : lady, mistress.
dominatus : rule, mastery, tyranny, domination.
dominus domino : master, lord.
domito : to tame, subdue, break in.
domus : house, home, residence.
donec : up to the time when, until, as long as, while.
donum : gift, present, donation.
dormio : to sleep, slumber, siesta, nap.
dubito : to doubt, hesitate.
dubium : doubt, hesitation, reservation.
duco : to lead on the march, marry a wife, command.
duco : to lead, draw, esteem, consider.
duco : to draw, shape, construct / (time) spend, delay.
duco : to charm, influence, mislead, draw in.
duco : to calculate, count, reckon, esteem, considered.
dudum : for a long while, a long while ago, some time age.
dulcedo : sweetness, pleasantness, charm.
dulcidine : sweetly, pleasantly, charmingly.
dulcis : sweet, pleasant, agreeable.
dulcitudo dulcitudinis : dum : while, as long as, until.
dummodo : (conj. + subj.) provided
dumtaxat : at least, not less than / at most, not more than.
duo : two
duro: to harden, last, endure.
durus : hard, harsh, tough, strong,enduring, / rough, rude, uncouth.
Dusiol petram : Duissenpierre.
dux ducis : leader, guide, commander, general, duke.
E

eatenus : so far, thus far, up to then.
ebullio : to boil up, bubble up, to appear, produce in abundance.
ecclesia : church.
econtra : the same as contra: against, opposite, etc.
ecquando : at any time? ever?
edico : to announce, declare.
editio : the publishing of a book, an announcement.
edo : put forth, give out.
edo edi essum : to eat, consume, devour, waste.
edoceo : to inform fully, instruct thoroughly.
educo : to draw out, lead out, march out / bring up, rear / sue.
effectus : doing, execution, performance, effect, result.
effero extuli elatum : to carry out, bury, lift up, exalt.
effervo : to boil up.
efficio : to do, produce, effect, make / bring about, cause / prove.
effringo effrego : break, break open.
effugio : (effugi effugiturus ) : flee from, escape, elude, run away.
effundo : to pour out, pour forth, shed, utter.
egenus : in want of, in need of, destitute.
egeo : to need, lack, want, be without.
ego : I ; I can't live without you, baby.
egredior : (egressus ) : to go out, leave, depart, exit.
eicio eiectum : to throw out, eject, drive out.
elatus : puff-up, proud of oneself, arrogant.
electus : chosen, select.
elementum : first principle, element, basic constituent.
elemosina : alms
elemosinarius : almoner, person in charge of providing charity.
eligo : to pick out, select, choose.
eloquens : eloquent, persuasive, fluent.
eloquentia : eloquence, readiness of speech, fluency, persuasiveness.
eluo : to wash out, rinse cleanse / squander, waste.
eluvies : a flowing over, flood, innundation.
eluvio : inundation.
emanio : to flow out, spread / arise, emanate, originate.
emendo : to amend, correct
emercor : to buy up.
emerio : to obtain by service, earn completely, deserve well.
emineo : to stand out, project, be remarkable, conspicuous.
eminor : to threaten, menace.
eminus : at a distance, from a distance.
emiror : to wonder at exceedingly.
emo emi emptum : to buy, purchase.
emoveo : to move away, remove, take away.
emptio : a buying, a purchase.
enim : for, in fact, truly (may often be omitted)
enumero : to count, count up, enumerate.
eo ire itum : to go, advance, proceed, travel, move along, progress.
episcopalis : episcopal
episcopus : bishop
epistula : letter, epistle, missive, message.
epulo : sumptuous food, banquet, feast.
epulor : to feast, feast on.
eques equitis : horseman, cavalry man rider (classical).
equidem : (adv) indeed, truly, for my part.
equitatus : cavalry, horsemen (classical).
equus : horse, steed, mount.
erepo : to creep out, creep over, creep up.
erga : (+ acc.) toward, about.
ergo : (gen. +) on account of, because of.
ergo : (adv.) accordingly, then, therefore.
eripio : (eripui ereptum ) : to snatch away, take away, rescue.
erogo : to pay out.
erogo : to pay out, expend, disburse.
erro : to wander, stray, rove / be mistaken, err, go astray.
error : error, mistake, going astray.
erubesco : to blush, grow red, be ashamed.
erubesco : (+ inf.) to blush to, (+acc.) blush for, respect.
erudio : to instruct, teach, educate.
eruo : to dig up, pull out / raze, demolish.
esurio : to be hungry, to hunger.
et ... et : both ... and.
etenim : for indeed.
etiam : (adv.) even, also.
etsi : (acsi) even if, although.
evenio : to come to pass, happen, befall.
eventus : consequence, issue, result, occurrence, experience.
everto : to turn out, eject, dislodge, overturn / destroy, ruin.
evito : to shun, avoid; also, to kill.
evoco : to draw out, draw on, produce, recall to the colors.
ex : (= e ) : (prep. + abl.) out of, from within, from / on account of.
exaequo exequo : to be like, equal / make level or even, relate.
excedo : (trans.) to exceed, leave, pass beyond.
excellentia : excellence, merit, worth.
excessum : departure, death, digression.
excipio : (excepi exceptum ) : to take out, except / take, capture.
excito : call forth, bring about, wake, raise up.
exclamo : to shout, cry aloud, exclaim, call someone by name.
excludo : to shut out, exclude.
excolo : to honor (a deity), polish, adorn, refine, serve.
excrucio : to torment, torture, cause great pain.
excusatio : excuse.
excuso : to exempt from blame, excuse, make excuses, plead.
exemplar : model, pattern, original, prototype, book to copy.
exemplum : pattern, model, example .
exerceo : to train, cultivate, keep at work, exercise, practice.
exercitus : army.
exertus : tested, tried, approved, experienced.
exesto : extra esto.
exheredo : to disinherit.
exheres : disinherited.
exhibeo exibeo : to produce, show, display, offer, allow, cause.
exhibeo : to show, present, allow, display, present, offer.
exhilaro : to make cheerful.
exhorresco : to be horrified, to shake, shudder / dread, tremble at.
exigo : drive out, force out, exact, demand, sell.
exigo : complete, finish, determine, decide, settle.
exilis : thin, slender, meager.
eximietate : uncommonness, excellence.
eximius : extraordinary, excellent, fine, superb.
eximo : to free, release, take out, remove, waste.
exinde : thence, next / thereupon, after that, then / accordingly.
exitiabilis exitialis exitosus : fatal deadly, destructive, lethal.
exitium : destruction, ruin.
exitus : going out, going forth, exit, end, finish.
exordium : the beginning (especially of a speech).
exorior : to rise, spring up, issue, appear, come forward.
exoro : to prevail upon a person, entreat successfully.
exorsus : begun.
expedio : to release, set free, clear, set straight.
expedio : to free from a snare, disentangle, set free, ready.
expello (expuli expulsum ) : to drive out, expel, force out, banish.
experior (experiri, expertus ) : to try, test, experience, prove.
expers : wanting, destitute of, not sharing in.
expetens : desirous, eager.
expeto : to fall upon.
expeto : to demand, require / desire, strive after, make for.
expilatio : plundering, taking booty.
expiscor : to fish out, find out, discover.
expleo : to make losses good / fulfil, discharge (duties).
expleo explevi expletum : to fill, fill up, complete, finish.
expletio : satisfying.
expletus : (part.) perfect, complete.
explicatus: explanation, exposition.
explico : to unfold, unroll, disentangle / explain, expound.
expono (exposui expositum ) : to set forth, explain, expose.
expositus : open, accessible, exposed.
expostulo : to demand earnestly / to make a claim.
expugno : to capture, overcome, subdue, take by storm, gain.
exquisitus : sought after, exquisite, excellent, fine, delicate.
exsequor exequor : to follow to the grave, follow to the end.
exsequor : to maintain, keep up, carry out, fulfill, accomplish.
exsequor : to execute, avenge, punish / relate, describe, explain.
exsertus exertus : project, thrust forward.
exsilium : exile, banishment.
exspecto : to look for, expect, await, wait for.
exstinguo, exstingui, exstinctum : to extinguish, put out.
exsto : to stand out, be extant, appear, project, show itself.
externus : outer, foreign, outside, external.
extollo : to praise exaggerate / decorate, adorn.
extollo : to lift up, raise up, erect / elevate, exalt.
extorqueo : to twist, wrench, dislocate / extort by force.
extra : (prep. + acc.) beyond, outside.
extremus : outermost, last, extreme.
exturbo : to drive away, thrust out.
exulto : to exult, be joyful.
exuro, exussum : burn down, burn, set on fire.
exustio : burning up, conflagration.
F

fabula : fable, story, tale, play.
facile : easily.
facilis : easy, agreeable, affable, pleasant.
facillimus : easiest, most agreeable, pleasantest
facina -oris : bad deed, crime, villainy / deed, action.
facio : to sacrifice, suit, help, be of service.
facio : to give permission / to experience, suffer (troubles).
facio : (trans.) to make, do, act, perform, cause, bring about.
factum : deed, accomplishment, work, act, achievement.
facultas : power, means, opportunity, capacity, ability, stock.
facundia : facultas : feasibility, opportunity, resources, abundance.
facunditas : fertility, quickness or readiness of speech.
faenum fenum : hay.
falsus : false, deceptive.
fama : talk, report, rumor, tradition.
familia : family, household.
familiaris : belonging to a household / friendly, intimate.
famulatus : servitude, slavery, service.
famulus : servant.
fas est :: it is right, it is fitting, it is lawful.
fas : divine law or command / fate, destiny / lawful, allowed.
fateor : to confess, admit, allow, reveal, make known.
fatigo : worry, fatigue, vex, harass, tease.
fatum : fate, destiny, doom, lot, weird.
fautor : favorer, promoter, patron, partisan, supporter.
faveo : (+ inf.) To be inclined to do.
faveo : (+ dat.) be favorable to, aid, support, help. fawning like that of a dog, cringing flattery.
feculentia : dregs, lees, impurities, filth.
fefello : to be failed by, disappointed by something. Herimann, p. 278.
feliciter : happily.
felix felicis : lucky, fortunate, happy.
femina : woman
fenestra : window.
fere : almost, nearly, not quite, generally.
feretrum : bier, litter.
feritas : wildness, savageness.
ferme, fere : almost, about.
fero tuli latum : to carry, bring, tell, relate, and much else.
ferrum : iron, sword.
ferus : fierce, wild, savage, untamed.
festinatio : speed, haste.
festino : to hasten, hurry, speed.
festinus : hastening, hasty.
feteo : to have a bad odor, stink.
ficus : fig tree.
fidelis : faithful, loyal, true
fidelitas : fidelity, loyalty, homage.
fidens : confident, without fear, courageous.
fides : trust, confidence, reliance, belief, faith.
fides : promise, assurance, word of honor, engagement.
fiducia : confidence, trust, assurance.
filia : daughter
filius : son
fimus : dung, dirt, filth, manure.
fines finium : boundaries, limits, / territory.
finis : end, limit, boundary, purpose.
finitimus finitumus : neighboring, adjacent, related to, similar.
fio, fieri, factus : be made, be done, become.
firmo : to assert, maintain / strengthen, make firm / encourage.
firmus : firm, strong, reliable, solid.
flamma : flame, fire.
flatus : blowing, blast, breathing, arrogance, haughtiness.
flax, falcis : sickle, bill-hook, pruning hook.
fleo : to weep, cry, shed tears, sob.
fluctus : billow, wave.
flumen : river.
fluo : to flow, pour, stream.
fodio : to prick, sting, jab.
fore, forem : future infinitive of sum.
forensis, e : legal.
forma: form, shape, beauty.
formica : ant.
formo : to shape, form, fashion.
fors fortis : chance, luck, fortune.
forsit forsan forsitan : perhaps, probably.
fortasse : perhaps.
forte : by chance, by luck, accidentally.
fortis : strong, brave.
fortiter : strongly, bravely.
fortitudo : physical strength, courage, moral bravery.
fortuna : fortune, luck, fate, chance.
fortunate : fortunately.
fortunatus : fortunate, lucky, happy.
forum : market place, town square.
foveo fovi fotum : to cherish.
frango (fracta) : to break in pieces, shatter.
frater : brother.
frendo : to gnash one's teeth, bruise, crush, grind.
frendo : gnash the teeth, crush, bruise, grind.
frequentatio : frequency, crowding.
frequentia : a large concourse, population, numerous assembly.
frequento : to crowd, collect in large number, visit.
frigus : cold, coolness, cold of winter / dullness, indolence.
frons : forehead, brow, front.
fructuarius : fruitful, fertile.
fructus fructus : fruit, profit, enjoyment, produce.
frugalitas : frugality, economy, pinching pennies.
frumentum : grain.
fruor : to have the benefit of, to enjoy.
frustra esse : to be deceived, to be mistaken.
frustra : in vain, mistakenly, wantonly, without reason.
frux, frugi : fruits of the earth.
fuga : flight, escape,
fugio : to flee, escape, run away / avoid, shun.
fugitivus : fugitive : deserter, runaway slave.
fugo : to put to flight, chase away, drive into exile, pursue.
fulcio : to support, strengthen, uphold / to besiege, oppress.
fulgeo (fulsi ): to flash, shine, beam.
fultus : supporter.
fundo : to pour, pour out (like molten metal), melt, cast.
fundo : (milit.) to rout, scatter, defeat, put to flight.
fungor, fungi, functus : to occupy oneself, perform, do, execute.
funis -is : rope, cord, line.
furibundus : raging, furious / inspired.
furor : madness, rage, frenzy.
furs : thief.
furtificus : thievish.
furtim : by stealth, stealthily.
furtum : theft, robbery / furta : stolen property / trick, deceit.
fusus : (from fundo) : spread out, extended, wide, copious.

[ben]

galea : helmet.
Gandavum : Ghent.
gaudium : joy, delight, happiness.
Gemblacensis : Gembloux.
gemo : to sigh, groan, wail.
gens : clan, race, nation, people, tribe.
genus : kind, sort, class, category.
gero : to carry, bear, wear / bear, give birth to / to carry about.
gesto : to carry, bear about.
gestum (gero) : carrying about, conduct (oneself).
gestum (gero) : carriage, bearing / having borne.
gigno (genuit) : to bring forth, bear, beget, father.
glacialis : icy, frozen, full of ice.
gladius : sword.
gloria : fame, renown, glory.
glorior : to glory, boast, pride oneself.
grando, onis : hailstorm.
grassor : go about, go ahead, proceed, attack.
gratia agere : (+ dat.) to thank.
gratia : gratitude, favor.
gratia : in order to, for the sake of, to.
gratia : (in the abl.) on account of.
gratulor : to wish a person joy, congratulate (+dat.),give thanks
gratus : pleasing, agreeable / grateful.
gravatus : sick, oppressed, ill.
gravis : heavy, weighty, serious, important / severe, grievous.
gravitas : weight, seriousness, dignity, importance.
graviter : heavily, seriously.
gravo : to oppress, burden, make suffer.
gregatim : in troops, or crowds.
gregatim : adv., In flocks, herds, troops, crowds.
gusto : to taste.
H

habeo habui habitum : to have, hold, possess / consider, regard.
habitus : disposed, in a certain condition.
hac : this side, this way, here.
hac : (fem. sing. abl.) He who lives BY THIS (the sword), ...
hactenus : hitherto, up to this point, so far.
hae he : (fem. pl. nom) THESE (speeches) were very fine.
haec hec : (fem. sing. nom.) THIS (sword) is more expensive.
haec hec : (neut. pl. nom.) THESE (kisses) are sweeter than wine.
haec hec : (neut. pl. acc.) Deborah always won THESE (wars).
hanc : (fem. sing. acc.) She wasted THIS (her youth).
harum : (fem. pl. gen.) The city wall had four OF THESE (gates).
has : (fem. pl. acc.) They gave THESE (their lives) for the Faith.
Hasnonium : Hasnon.
haud : no, not at all, by no means.
Helcim : Helchin on the left bank of the Scheldt.
Helnonensis : Elnon. Herimann, p. 279.
Heniis Harniis : Hames.
hereditas : inheritance, often simply "property."
hesito (haesito) : to be unsure, uncertain, wavering.
hi : (masc. pl. nom.) THESE (men) are loyal to the king.
hic : (adv.) here.
hic haec (hec ) hoc : this, the latter / he, she, it.
hic : (masc. nom. sing.) THIS (house) is filthy.
hilaris : cheerful, merry, gay.
hinc : from this place, hence.
his : (masc. pl. abl.) They passed BY THESE (roads).
his : (masc. pl. dat.) Tell it TO THESE (policemen).
his : (fem. pl. dat.) She gave her property TO THESE (churches).
his : (fem. pl. abl) A life is enriched BY THESE (friendships).
his : (neut. pl. dat.) Listen TO THESE (orders).
his : (neut. pl. abl.) She earned it BY THESE (her deeds).
hoc : (masc. sing. abl.) He gave plenty FOR THIS (field).
hoc : (neut. sing. nom.) THIS (monastery) is well-built.
hoc : (neut. sing. abl.) Do not hesitate BECAUSE OF THIS! (doubt)
hoc : (neut. sing. acc.) Break THIS! (fetter)
hodie : today.
hodiernus : of today.
Hoienses : Huy, Belgium, between Liege and Namur.
homo hominis : human being, man.
honor : honor, esteem, public office.
honorabilis : respectful.
hora : hour, time.
hordeum, ordeum : barley.
horrendus : horrible, dreadful.
hortor : exhort, incite, encourage.
hortus ortus : garden / pl. grounds, park.
horum : (masc. pl. gen.) The horses OF THESE (soldiers) are spent.
horum : (neut. pl. gen) The cattle OF THESE (monsters) were fat.
hos : (masc. pl. acc.) They burned THESE (houses) to the ground.
hospes : guest, host, stranger.
hostes hostium : the enemy.
hostis : an enemy of the state.
huic : (neut sing. dat.) I'd give my right arm FOR THIS (cooky).
huic : (masc. sing. dat.) He sent FOR THIS (doctor).
huic : (fem sing. dat.) There is a statue IN THIS (abbey).
huius : (masc. fem. neut. gen. sing.) Go ahead, eat some OF THIS.
huius : (neut. sing. gen.) She paid half OF THIS (the cost).
huius : (fem. sing. gen.) They are fond OF THIS (change).
humanitas : kindness, culture, refinement.
humanus : pertaining to man, humane, humane, cultured, refined.
humilis : lowly, humble.
humo : cover with earth, bury,
humus : ground, earth, soil / land, country.
hunc : (masc. sing. acc.) He ate THIS (fruit).
Hunnam : Bunna.
hypocrita : hypocrite
I

iaceo : to lie, lie prostrate, lie dead.
iacio : to throw, cast, hurl, lay, scatter, diffuse.
iaculator : : a thrower, javelin man, spear thrower.
iaculum : dart, javelin, short spear.
iam : now, by now, already / presently, immediately, soon.
iam : moreover, henceforth, indeed, just, further.
ianua : door.
ibi : there
ictus : blow, bite, stroke, bolt, thrust.
idcirco : on that account, for that reason, for that purpose.
idem eadem idem : the same.
identidem : again and again, repeatedly.
ideo : for that reason, on that account, therefore.
idoneus : proper, worthy, fitting, deserving, capable.
igitur : therefore, consequently, for this reason.
ignarus : ignorant, not knowing.
ignavus : lazy, listless, inert, sluggish cowardly, a coward.
ignis : fire.
ignoro : to be ignorant of, not know / rarely: neglect, overlook.
ignosco: (+ dat.) to overlook, forgive, pardon.
ignotus : unknown, obscure, ignorant, ignoble.
ilico : on the spot, immediately.
illa : (fem. sing. nom.) THAT (sword) is more expensive.
illa : (neut. pl. acc.) Deborah always won THESE (wars).
illa : (fem. sing. abl.) He who lives BY THAT (the sword), ...
illa : (neut. pl. nom.) THOSE (arms) belong to the victor.
illacrimo : (+ dat.) to weep over.
illae ille : (fem. pl. nom.) THOSE (women) must die!
illarum : (fem. pl. gen.) The city wall had four OF THOSE (gates).
illas : (fem. pl. acc.) They gave THOSE (their lives) for the Faith.
illata : from infero : to cause, occasion, etc.
illaturos : from infero "they would cause."
ille illa illud : that, the former, the famous / he, she, it.
ille : (masc. nom. sing.) THAT (house) is filthy.
illi : (fem sing. dat.) There is a statue IN THAT (abbey).
illi : (masc. sing. dat.) He sent FOR THAT (doctor).
illi : (masc. pl. nom.) THOSE (men) are loyal to the king.
illi : (neut sing. dat.) i'd give my right arm FOR THOSE (cookies).
illiam : (fem. sing. acc.) She wasted THAT (her youth).
illic : there, at that place, therein, in that matter.
illis : (masc. pl. dat.) Tell it TO THOSE (Marines).
illis : (fem. pl. dat.) She gave her property TO THOSE (churches).
illis : (neut. pl. abl.) She earned it BY THESE (her deeds).
illis : (fem. pl. abl) A life is enriched BY THESE (friendships).
illis : (masc. pl. abl.) They passed BY THOSE (roads).
illis : (neut. pl. dat.) Listen TO THESE (orders).
illius : (fem. sing. gen.) They are fond OF THAT (change).
illius : (neut. sing. gen.) She paid half OF THAT (the cost).
illius : (masc. fem. neut. gen. sing.) Go ahead, eat some OF THAT.
illo : (neut. sing. abl.) Do not hesitate BECAUSE OF THAT! (doubt)
illo : (masc. sing. abl.) He gave plenty FOR THAT (field).
illorum : (masc. pl. gen.) The horses OF THOSE (soldiers) are spent.
illorum : (neut. pl. gen) The cattle OF THESE (monsters) were fat.
illos : (masc. pl. acc.) They burned THOSE (houses) to the ground.
illuc : thither, to that place, to that matter, to that person.
illud : (neut. sing. nom.) THAT (monastery) is well-built.
illud : (neut. sing. acc.) Break THOSE (fetters)!
illudo illusi illusum : to mock, make fun of, ridicule
illum : (masc. sing. acc.) He ate THAT (fruit).
imago : image, likeness.
imber ymber : rain shower, rain storm, pelting rain.
imbrium : of rain.
imcomposite : adv from incompositus : incompositione in Herimann.
imitabilis : that can be imitated,
imitor : to imitate.
immanitas : savagery, frightfulness.
immerito : adv. undeservingly, without merit, unjustifiably.
immineo : to hang over, be imminent, threaten.
immo : by all means, by no means, on the contrary.
immodicus : immoderate, excessive, beyond measure.
immortalis : immortal.
immotus : unmoved.
immunda : unclean, impure, dirty, foul.
immundus : foul, impure.
impedimentum : hindrance, impediment, obstacle, difficulty.
impedio : entangle, ensnare, obstruct, surround, hinder, prevent.
impedito : a hinderance.
impedo : to entangle, ensnare, hinder, prevent, obstruct.
impello : to drive against, strike upon.
impello impuli impulsum : to set in mortion, impel, urge on.
impendeo : to hang over, threaten, menace, be imminent.
impendium : expenditures, outlay, interest on a loan.
impendo : to lay out, expand, weigh out.
impenetrabiilis : impenetrable.
impensa : expense, outlay.
imperator : commander in chief, general, emperor.
imperceptus : unperceived / unknown,
imperiosus : imperious, domineering, powerful.
imperium : power to command, authority, command, rule, control.
impero : to give orders, command / to rule, hold sway.
impetro : to get, accomplish, effect, obtain (by asking).
impetus : attack, onset, rapid motion / impulse, passion, force.
impleo : to fill in (or up), satisfy, content, fulfil, perform.
importo : to bring in, introduce, import / bring upon, cause.
importunus : unsuitable, unfavorable, troublesome / inconsiderate.
impraesentiarum : for the present, in present circumstances.
imprimis : especially, particularly, specifically.
improbus : inferior, bad, wicked, persistent, perverse, bold.
improvidus : improvident, negligent, thoughtless, feckless.
improviso : unexpected
ex improviso : suddenly.
impudens : impudent, shameless, insolent, presumptuous.
impudenter : impudently, insolently, presumptuously.
impunitus : unpunished, unrestrained, safe.
imputo : to lay to a charge, enter in an account, impute to.
in praesentia : for the present.
in : (+ acc.) into, toward, against.
in : (+ abl.) in.
inanis : empty, vain, inane.
incassum : in vain.
inceptor : beginner.
inceptum : beginning, attempt, enterprise.
incertus : uncertain, doubtful, unsure, hesitant.
incido in mentionem : to happen to mention.
incido : to fall in or on, fall in with / happen, occur.
incipio : to take in hand, begin, commence.
incito : to excite, spur, inspire, increase / hasten, urge on.
inclino : to bend, incline, turn, change / fall back, waver.
includo : to shut in, enclose, establish a siege, surround.
inclutus / inclitus : celebrated, famous, renowned.
incola, ae : resident, inhabitant of a place.
incompositus : disorder, lack of regularity.
inconsulte : indiscreetly.
incontinencia : lack of restrain, incontinence.
incorruptus : uncorrupted, genuine, pure.
incredibilis : incredible, unbelievable.
increpare : to rebuke, chide, scold.
increpo : (of persons) to chide, rebuke.
incubo : to hang over, dwell in, lie heavily upon.
incurro : to run into, assail, attack, raid into, come upon.
Inda : Cornelism / Anster.
indagatio : investigation.
inde : thence, from there, for that reason, thereafter, then.
indebitus : not owed, not due.
indico : to proclaim, make publicly known, announce, disclose.
indigeo : to require, need, stand in need of.
indignatio : indignation.
indignus : unworthy, lacking in merit, unfit.
indo (past indidi) : to establish, cause, occasion.
indomitus : untamed, wild.
induco : cover, put on clothing, erase writing, revoke, annul.
induco : bring in, introduce, induce, persuade / decide.
induco indux inductum : to lead in, introduce, induce, influence.
industria : industry, diligence.
industrius : industrious, diligent, assiduous, hard-working.
indutiae : truce, armistice, suspension of hostilities.
inedicabilis : unexplainable, inexplicable.
ineptio : to play the fool, to trifle.
inexpugnabilis : impregnable, unconquerable, not to be taken by force.
infamo : to put to shame, disgrace.
infantia : infancy, babyhood.
infector : dyer.
infectum reddere : to revoke, render impossible, make void, annul.
infectus : unworked / not done, unfinished, incomplete.
infecunditas : barrenness, sterility.
infecundus : barren, sterile.
infelicitas : bad luck, misfortune,
infeliciter : unhappily.
infelix : arbor infelix : the gallows.
infelix : unfruitful, barren, unproductive, infertile.
infenso : to attack, avenge.
infensus : hostile, aggressive / (arms) aimed, ready / (spirit) dangerous.
inferi : those down below, the dead.
inferne : on the lower side, below.
infero : To carry in, put or place on.
infero : (in logic) to infer, conclude.
infero : (abstract things) : bring on, occasion, cause.
inferus : below, under, southern.
infervesco : to come to a boil, become hot.
infeste : in a hostile manner, belligerently.
infesto : to attack, disquiet.
infestus : aggressive, hostile, dangerous.
inficio infeci infectum : to poison, taint, corrupt.
inficio infeci infectum : to tinge, dye, stain, imbue.
infidelis : unfaithful, disloyal, untrue.
infidelitas : faithlessness, disloyalty.
infideliter : faithlessly, disloyally.
infidus : untrue, disloyal.
infigo : to fix, fasten / to imprint, impress.
infindo infidi infissum : to cut into.
infinitas infinitio : eternity, infinity, endlessness.
infinitus : unlimited, infinite, without bounds, boundless, limitless.
infirmatio : weakening / refusing / invalidating.
infirme : weakly, faintly.
infirmitas : weakness, feebleness / instability, fickleness.
infirmo : to weaken / shake / invalidate, annull
infirmus : not strong, weak, feeble / (sometimes) sick, ill.
infit : he, she, or it begins, begins to speak.
infitialis : negative, containing a no, rejection.
infitias ire : to deny.
infitior : to deny / deny a debt, refuse to return something.
inflammatio : setting afire / (people) inflaming / (souls) inspiring.
inflammo : to set on fire, inflame, to torch, kindle.
inflatio : inflation, flatulence.
inflatius : too pompous / on a grander scale.
inflatus : pompous, swollen, puffed up, inflated.
inflatus : blowing into, blast, inspiration.
inflecto : to warp / change, sway, affect.
inflecto inflexi inflectum : to bend, bow, curve.
infletus : unwept, unmourned, unlamented.
inflexio : a bendings, swaying.
inflexus : bending, curving.
infligo inflixi inflictum : to strike, hit, knock / cause damage.
inflo : to blow into / to inspire, puff up, elate.
influo influi influxum : to flow in / to rush in, steal in.
infodio infodi infossum : to dig in, bury.
informatio : concept, idea.
informis : formless, shapeless / deformed, hideous.
infortunatus : unfortunate, unhappy, unlucky.
infortunium : misfortune, bad luck / punishment.
infra inferius infimus : low down.
infra : (adv.) below, underneath / to the south, in the underworld.
infra : (+ acc.) below, under / (time) later than
infula : insignia of office.
ingemuo = dat. : to groan, sigh over.
ingenium : innate character, talent, nature.
ingens : of immoderate size, vast, huge, monstrous, remarkable.
ingero : to go off to, betake oneself to, pour forth, inflict.
ingratus : ungrateful, unpleasant, disagreeable.
ingravesco : to become heavy, become a burden.
inicio inieci iniectum : to throw on, put on, don / inspire.
inimicus : personal enemy, foe, opponent.
iniquus : unequal, unjust, unfair.
initium : beginning, start, commencement, origin.
iniuria : injury, damage, hurt / injustice, wrong.
iniustus : unjust, inequitable, unfair.
innotesco, innotui : to become known.
innotesco : to become know, noted.
innuo : to give a nod to, give a sign to.
inolesco : to grow in or on.
inops : poor, helpless, in need
inquam : I say.
inquis : you say.
inquit : he, she, it says.
inrideo : to laugh at, mock, ridicule.
inritus irritus : void, invalid, in vain, useless, ineffectual.
inruo irruo : to rush in, fling in.
insania : insanity, irrationality, madness, folly.
insciens : unknowing, unaware, ignorant.
inscribo : inscribe, entitle, enlist.
insensatus : irrational.
insequor : to follow, pursue, assail, reproach, rebuke, attack.
inservio : to be a slave, serve, be devoted to.
insideo : sit upon something, be firmly placed.
insidiae : (pl.) treachery, ambush, plot, conspiracy.
insinuo : to insinuate, work one's way in, intimate.
insisto : to enter upon tread; (with d.) follow.
insolita : unaccustomed, unusual.
insolitus : unaccustomed / unusual, strange, uncommon.
insons insontis : guiltless, innocent.
insperatus : unexpected, unlooked for, unanticipated.
instanter : urgently.
instar : a form, figure, after the fashion of, like.
instigo : to goad, incite, stimulate, urge.
instituo : to establish, found, institute.
insto : to pursue eagerly, devote oneself to.
instructus (from instruo) : equipped, trained, supplied.
instructus : trained, taught.
instruo : to built in, set up, construct, furnish / train.
instruo : prepare, provide / draw up an order of battle.
Insula : Lille.
Insula : island.
insurgo insurgi insurrectum : to rise up, rebel, revolt.
integer : whole, untouched, unhurt, undamaged / complete, entire.
intellego intellexi intellectum : to understand, comprehend, see.
intempestivus: unseasonable, untimely, immoderate.
intendo : to stretch, strain, try to prove.
intendo : to extend, aim, direct, direct one's course, aim at.
intentio : effort, exertion, attention, intent / attack, accusation.
intentus : thorough, tense, anxious, strict.
inter : (+ acc.) between, among.
intercipio intercepi interceptum : to intercept
interdico : to forbid, prohibit, outlaw, gain an injunction.
interdico : to forbid, prohibit, interdict.
interdum : sometimes, now and then, at times.
intereo : to perish, die.
interficio interfeci interfectum : to kill, murder, slay.
interrogatio : interrogation, inquiry.
intro : to walk into, enter, make one's way into.
introduco : to lead in, introduce.
intueor : to look at attentively, gaze at, consider.
intumesco : to swell up, increase, swell with anger.
intumesco : to sell, sell up, sell with anger.
intus : within.
inultus : unavenged, unpunished.
invado : to undertake, go in, enter, get in.
invado : to assail, usurp, seize, attack, fall upon.
invalesco : to gather strength, become stronger.
invenio : to come upon, find, discover.
inventor : inventor, discoverer.
investigo : to track down, investigate.
inveteratus : hardened by age, of long-standing.
invetero : to give duration, to render old
invicem : one after the other, by turns, mutually, each other.
invictus : unconquer, unconquerable, undefeated.
invideo : to envy, be jealous of, look upon with envy.
invidia : envy, jealousy, hatred.
inviso : to go to see, visit, inspect, look at.
invisus : hated, hateful.
invito : to invite, summon.
invitus : unwilling, against one's will.
ioco iocor : to joke, jest, make merry.
iocus : joke, jest, jape, gag.
ipse ipsa ipsum : himself, herself, itself.
ipsemet : his own very self.
ira : anger, wrath.
irascor iratus : to be angry, to be wrathful.
iratus : angry, wrathful.
irrito : to irritate, exasperate, excite.
irritum : nothingness, worthlessness, vanity.
irritus : vain, useless, ineffectual, of not effect.
irritus : undecided, void, unfixed, of no effect.
is ea id : this, that / he, she, it.
iste ista istud : that / sometimes pejorative.
ita ut : (with subj.) in such a way that,
ita : so, thus.
ita : (in narration) and so; (with adj. or adv.) so, so very.
itaque : (adv.) and, so, therefore.
iter itineris : road, route, journey.
itero : to repeat, say again, iterate.
iterum : again, a second time, once more.
iubeo iussi iussum : to order, command.
iucunditas : pleasure, charm.
iucundus : agreeable, pleasant, gratifying.
iudex : judge, juror.
iudicium : judgment, decision, opinion, trial
iudico : to judge, consider
iugis, e : perpetual, continuous.
iugis iuge : perpetual, continuous.
iumentum : beast of burden.
iungo iunxi iunctum : to join
iuro : to swear, to make an oath.
ius iurandum iuris iurandi etc. : oath.
ius iuris : justice, law, right.
iussu : (abl.) at the command of, by order of.
iustus : just, right, equitable.
iuvo : to help, aid, assist / to please.
iuxta : just short of.
iuxta : close by, near / in like manner, equally.
iuxta : (+ acc.) close to, near to / (time) just before.
J

jaculum : dart, javelin.
judicium : trial, legal investigation, judgement, decision.
jugis : adj. continual, ceaseless, perennial, constant.
jugiter : continually, perpetually, constantly / instantly.
jumentum : draft animal.
juvenis : young man, youth.
juventus : the age of youth (20-40 years).
L

labefacio labefeci labefactum : to shake, loosen / impair.
labefacto : to weaken, disturb / shake violently.
labellum : a little lip / a small washing vessel.
labes labis : stain, blemish, disgrace, infamy / misfortune.
labia labium :lip (labiae : lips).
labiosus : having large lips.
labo : to totter, sink, begin to fall.
labor : hardship, fatigue, distress.
labor laboris : labor, work, toil
labor lapsus : to slip, glide, slide.
labores solis : eclipse of the sun.
laboriose : laboriously, with great effort
laboriosus : toilsome, laborious / (persons) industrious, toiling.
laboro : (intrans.) to work, toil, suffer, be afflicted, be troubled.
laboro : (trans.) work out, prepare, arrange, form, elaborate.
labrum : lip, edge, rim / bathing tub.
labrusca : wild grape vine.
labruscum : the wild grape.
lac lactis : milk.
lacer : torn, mangled, cut to pieces.
laceratio : a tearing, mangling.
lacero : to tear to pieces, mangle / squander money / slander someone.
lacerta : lizard.
lacertosus : muscular, powerful.
lacertus : the upper arm / strength.
lacesso : to harass, attack.
lacrima Heliandum : amber.
lacrima : tears / exudations from some plants.
lacrimabilis : lamentable, deplorable, woeful.
lacrimo : to weep, shed tears / exude, drip.
lacrimosus : tearful, mournful, shedding tears,
lactans : giving milk.
lactatio : enticement, come-on.
lacteus : milky, of milk, milk-white.
lacteus : of milk, milky, milk-white.
lacto : to allure, entice, wheedle.
lactuca : lettuce.
lacuna : missing letters, words, or phrases in a manuscript.
lacuna : a hole, empty space / pond, pool / deficiency, loss.
lacunar : panelled ceiling.
lacus : a hollow / lake, pool, pond, trough, tank, tub.
laedo ledo : strike, hit, hurt, damage, offend, annoy, violate.
laesio lesio : rhetorical attack / wounding.
laetabilis letabilis : joyous, glad.
laetans : rejoicing, joyous.
laetatio letatio : rejoicing, joy.
laetifico letifico : to fertilize / cheer, gladden, delight.
laetificus letificus : gladdening, joyous, spreading happiness.
laetitia letitia : fertility / richness, grace / joy, delight.
laeto leto : to cheer, gladden, make joyful.
laetor letor : to rejoice, be joyful.
laeve leve : left-handedly, awkwardly.
laevus levus : foolish, silly / unlucky, unpropitious.
laevus levus : the left hand, left side, left-handed.
laganum : a cake.
lama : bog, slough.
lambo : to lick / (of rivers) to wash.
lamenta (neut. pl) : weeping, wailing.
lamentabilis : lamentable, mournful.
lamentatio : weeping, wailing, lamenting.
lamentor : to weep, wail, lament / (trans.) to bewail.
lamia : witch, vampire.
lamnia lammina lamna : sheet of metal, coin, knife blade, nutshell.
lapsus : fall, fault, error, sliding, graduate movement.
laqueum : noose, halter, snare, trap.
laqueus : snare, trap, noose.
largior : lavish, bestow, grant, give abundantly.
lascivio : to run riot, play, be wanton.
lasesco : to become tired, grow weary.
latus -eris : sides, flank / lungs /
laudator : praiser.
laudo : to praise, extoll, commend / name, mention, cite, quote.
Laudunum : Laon.
laus : praise, glory, fame.
lebes : copper kettle, basin, cauldron.
lectica : litter, bier.
lector : reader.
lectus : bed.
legatarius : legatee.
legatus : deputy, ambassador, envoy,
legens legentis : a reader.
legio : legion
lego : to gather, choose, collect, pass through, read,
lemiscus : a ribbon.
lemma : theme, title, epigram.
lemures : (pl. only) ghosts, phantoms.
lenimentus : alleviation, improvement, mitigation.
lenio : to mitigate, relieve, make better.
lenis : smooth / gentle, kind, mild.
lenitas lenitudo : smoothness, gentleness, mildness.
leno : procurer, go-between.
lenocinium : enticement, allurement.
lenocinor : to pander, flatter, make up to / to promote, advance.
lens lentis : lentil.
lente : slowly, calmly, cooly, deliberately.
lentesco : to become soft, flexible, sticky / to weaken, slacken.
lentitudo : slowness, apathy, sluggishness.
lento : to bend.
lentulus : rather slow, a little slow.
lentus : lethargic, inactive / slow, lingering.
lentus : tough, resistant, tenacious / supple, pliant /
Leo : lion.
Leodie : Liege.
lepide : charmingly, wittily, elegantly, pleasantly.
lepidus : charming, witty, pleasant, elegant.
lepor lepos : charm, wit, elegance.
lepus : hare, rabbit.
Lesciense, monastery of : Liessies.
letalis : mortal, deadly, fatal.
letaliter : mortally, fatally.
letanie : litany
lethargus : drowsiness, apathy, sleepiness, coma.
letifer : deadly, mortal.
leto : to kill, slay.
letum : death, ruin, annihilation.
levamen : alleviation, mitigation, solace, refreshment.
levamentum : comfort, easing, alleviation, consolation.
levatio : alleviation, mitigation, solace.
leviculus : empty-headed, vain, silly.
levidensis : thin, slight, poor.
levis : rapid, swift / unimportant / fickle, inconstant / unstable.
levis : light, slight, trivial / beardless, bald / light-armed.
levitas : lightness, levity / fickleness, inconstancy / groundlessness.
leviter : lightly, softly, slightly.
levo : to smooth, polish.
levo : to raise, lift up / relieve, ease / diminish, weaken, impair.
lex legis : law, statute / covenant, agreement
libatio : libation.
libellus : little book.
libenter : willingly, with pleasure.
liber : child, offspring.
liber libri : book.
liber libera, liberum : free, independent, unrestricted.
liberalis : courteous, generous, gentlemanly.
liberalitas : courtesy, kindness, generousity / a grant.
liberaliter : courteously, generously, honorably.
liberatio : release, liberation, acquittal, setting free.
libere : freely, openly, frankly.
libero : to liberate, set free.
libero : to lift (an obstacle), raise.
libero : to set free, deliver, liberate, release / exempt
libertas : freedom, liberty, independence / frankness, candor.
libido : whim, caprice, violent desire, passionate longing.
licet : granted that, although / it is allowed, one may or can.
licet : (as conj.) granted that, although.
ligo : to bind, tie.
lima : file, polishing, revision.
limen, limina : threshold.
lingua : language, tongue, speech.
lino : to smear, befoul, dirty.
linteum : linen, napkin.
liquidus : fluid, flowing, liquid / clear, evident, certain.
litigo : to quarrel, dispute.
littera : letter (of the alphabet).
litterae : (pl.) letter, epistle, missive, note / literature.
loci : (pl.) passages in literary works.
loco : to place, put, position.
locupleto : to enrich, make wealthy.
locus : place, location, situation, spot.
loginquitas : distance, remoteness, isolation.
longe lateque : far and wide.
longe : far.
longus : long
loquax loquacis : talkative, loquacious, garrulous.
loquor locutus : to say, speak, tell.
loricatus : wearing armor, armored.
lubricus : oily, slippery, slick.
lucerna : lamp.
lucror : to gain, profit, win.
lucrosus : profitable, gainful.
lucrum : gain, profit.
luctisonus : sad-sounding, mournful, baleful.
luctus : lamentation, mourning, grief.
ludio ludius : actor, player
ludo lusi lusum : to play, sport / imitate, banter / delude, deceive.
ludus : game, sport, school.
lues : plague, pestilence, calamity.
lugeo : to mourn, be in mourning, grieve / (tans,) to lament, bewail.
luna : moon.
lupus : wolf.
Lutosensis : Leuze.
lux lucis : light.
luxuria : luxury, extravagance, opulence.
M

macellarius : butcher, slaughter-house.
macer : thin, lean.
macero : to soften, weaken, reduce, torment.
macies : thiness, gauntness / poverty barrenness
macresco : to become lean, skinny, thin.
mactabilis : deadly, lethal.
macto : to magnify, glorify, honor / slay, fight, punish, afflict.
macula : stain, mark, spot / blemish, fault, flaw.
maculo : to stain, blemish, defile, pollute.
maculosus : spotted, speckled, polluted.
madesco : to get wet.
madide : drunkenly.
madidus : wet, moist, soaked, boiled, soft, drunk, dyed, steeped.
mador : wetness, moisture.
maero : to grieve, sorrow.
maeror meror : mourning, grief, sorrow.
magis : more, to a greater extent, rather, for preference
magister : master, canon / master of a school, professor.
magnopere magnus opere : very, very much.
magnus maior maximus : large, great, important.
magus : magical.
maiestas : majesty, dignity, greatness.
maiores : (pl.) ancestors.
Malbodiensis : Maubeuge.
male peius pessime : badly, ill, wrongly.
malens : preferring.
Malmundarium : Malmedy.
malo mallui malus : to choose, prefer.
malum : evil, misfortune, misdeed, crime, injury, damage.
malus peior pessimus : bad, wicked, evil.
mancipo mancepo : to sell formally, turn over, give into charge.
mancipo : to sell formally, give up.
mandatum : order, decree, mandate, instruction.
mando : to commit, entrust, order, command.
mane : morning, early in the morning, early.
manentia : permanency.
maneo : to remain, stay, stay the night, last, endure, abide by.
mansuetus : mild, soft, gentle.
manus manus : hand, band, handwriting.
Marceniense : Marchiennes,
Marcieniensis : Marchiennes.
mare maris : sea.
maritus : husband.
mater matris : mother.
matera, mairia : ?vat, for the fermentation of beer.
materia : material, substance, matter.
matertera : maternal aunt.
matrimonium : marriage.
maxime : greatly, exceedingly, to the highest degree, very.
maxime : especially, particularly, principally.
me : (acc.) me / that old black magic has ME in its spell.
me : (abl.) me / you'll do fine with ME, baby.
medicus : doctor, physician.
mediocris : ordinary, average, fair, moderate, mediocre.
meditor meditatus : to reflect upon, consider, ponder / practice.
medius : middle, the middle of.
mei : my, mine / MY heart belongs to daddy. that old gang of MINE.
mel mellis : honey.
melior : better.
mellitus : honeyed, sweet as honey.
membrana : thin skin, film, parchment, membrane, prepared skin.
memini meminisse : to remember.
memor : mindful, remembering, grateful, thoughful, prudent.
memoratus : mentioned.
memoria : memory, remembrance, recall, recollection.
Menapiorum :
mendosus : faulty, full of faults.
mens mentis : mind, thought, intention, intellect.
mensa : table.
mensis mensis : month.
merces mercedis : pay, reward, recompense, compensation.
mereo, mereor : deserve, earn, be entitled to, merit.
mereo : deserve, gain, obtain, serve as a soldier.
meretrix meretricis : prostitute, whore, harlot.
meridianus : midday, afternoon, south.
mestitia : misfortune?
Metim : Metz.
metuo : to fear, dread, be frightened.
metus : fear, dread, anxiety.
meus : my.
mica : crumb, morsel, grain.
mihi : (dat.) me / give ME land, lots of land.
miles militis : soldier, warrior, knight.
milia : (pl.) thousands.
militaris -e : of a soldier, military, martial.
mille : a thousand.
millies milies : a thousand times.
minime : in the least degree, very little / not at all, by no means
minimus : least, smallest, slightest.
ministro : to serve, wait upon, provide, supply.
ministro : to attend, wait upon, assist.
minor : smaller, less, slighter.
minuo minui minutum : To less, diminish, decrease, grow smaller.
mire : wonderfully, marvellously, uncommonly.
miro : to wonder.
miror : to marvel at, admire, wonder.
mirus : wonderful, astonishing, extraordinary.
misceo miscui mixtum : to mix, mingle, blend.
miser : wretched, unfortunate, miserable.
misere : wretchedly, miserably.
misereo, misereor : to pity.
misericordia : pity, mercy.
missa : holy mass
mitesco : to grow mild, ameliorate.
mitigo : to make mild or ripe, make smooth, pacify, appease.
mitis : mild, gentle / ripe, mature.
mitto misi missum : to send, dispatch.
modestus : orderly, within bounds, moderate, restrained.
modica : moderate, within bounds, limited, undistinguished.
modicus : ordinary, undistinguished, within bounds.
modio : a grain measure, a bushel basket.
modo : now, just now, only.
modus : measure, bound, limit / manner, method, mode, way.
Moguntienses : Mainz.
moleste : take annoyance
moleste fero : I take annoyance.
molestia : annoyance, troublesomeness / stiffness, affectation.
molestus : troublesome, disagreeable, annoying.
molior : to build, erect, construct, contrive, toil, struggle.
mollio : to soften, make pliant.
mollis : adj. soft, pliant, flexible, easily moved, gentle.
monachus : monk.
Monasteriense : Munster.
monasterium : monastery, abbey, convent.
moneo : to warn, admonish, remind, advise, instruct.
monitio : admonition, warning.
mons montis : mountain, mount.
monstro : to show, appoint, point out, ordain.
monstrum : portent, omen, monster.
Montensem : Mons.
mora : delay
moratlis : mortal.
morbus : sickness, disease, illness.
mores, morium : ways, conduct, character, morals.
morior : to die, wither away, decay.
mors mortis : death.
morsus : a biting, bite, also, sting, pain.
mortifera : deadly things
mortuus : dead, deceased, passed away, gone West, departed.
mos moris : will, inclination / custom, wont, usage, rule.
moveo moti motum : to move, arouse, affect, influence.
mox : soon, presently, then, thereupon.
mucro : a sharp point, edge, dagger point.
mugio : to groan, bellow, roar, low.
mulier : woman.
multi : many, numerous / the common herd.
multo : by much, by far, by a great deal, by a lot.
multum : much, greatly.
multus : ne multus : briefly, in brief.
multus : much, great
multus plus plurimum : much, a lot.
mundo : to clean.
mundus : world, universe.
mundus : clean, neat, elegant.
munero / munerior : to give, present.
munimentum : fortification, protection, defenses.
munio : to fortify, defend, protect / build a road.
munitio : fortifying, defense works, bridging, fortification.
munus muneris : service, office, function, duty / gift.
mus muris : mouse.
mussito : to grumble, mutter.
mutatio : change, alteration, transformation.
muto : to change, alter / exchange.
muto : punish, fine, mulct.
mutuo : borrowed, lend,
mutuus : interchanged, mutually, reciprocal / reciprocity.
mutuus : a loan. dare mutuum : to make a loan. N nam : namque : (conj.) for.
Namucense : Namur.
narro : to make known, say, speak, narrate.
nascor nasci natus : to be born, spring forth.
natalis natalis : birthday.
natio : nation, people.
natura : nature
nauta : sailor.
navigatio : voyage, navigation.
navigo : to sail, navigate.
navis navis : ship, vessel, boat.
ne ... quidem : not ... even.
ne : (conj.) that ... not, in order that ... not, in order not to.
necdum (neque dum) : and not yet.
necessarius : necessary, needed, essential.
necesse : (adj.) necessary, unavoidable, indispensable.
necne : or not.
neco : to kill, slay, put to death.
nefas : wrong, sin.
nego : to deny.
negotium : employment, business, task, occupation, pains.
nemo : no one, nobody.
neo : to spin, interweave. (to spin thread and yarn).
nepos nepotis : grandson.
nequam : worthless, good for nothing, bad.
nequaquam : by no means, not at all.
neque ... neque : neither ... nor.
neque nec : and not, nor.
nequeo : not to be able, to be impossible.
nequitia nequities : worthlessness, badness, wickedness.
nescio : to be ignorant, be unaware, not know, be unknowing.
nichilominus : nevertheless.
nidor : vapor, smell, reek, odor.
niger : black.
nihil : (undeclinable) nothing
nihilum : nothing.
nimirum : of course, undoubtedly, certainly (sometimes ironical).
nimis : (adv.) too much, overmuch, excessively
nimium : (adv.) too much, overmuch, excessively.
nisi : if not, unless, except.
niteo : to shine, glitter, be bright, glow, be sleek, flourish.
nitesco : to begin to shine, grow sleek.
nitor : to strive, exert oneself, make an effort, persevere.
nitor : to rest, lean, support oneself / trust in, depend upon.
nitor : brilliance, brightness, glow, elegance, splendor.
Nivellensem : Nivelles, city and monastery.
niveus : white, snowy.
no: (nare, navi) : to swim, float, fly, sail.
nobis : (abl.) us / there'll be no one as happy as US.
nobis : (dat.) us / the world belongs to US.
nocens : bad, wicked, injurious, culpable, evil.
noceo : (+ dat.) to do harm to, inflict injury, hurt.
nolo, nolle, nolui : to be unwilling, wish not to, refuse.
nomen : name / nomen Romanorum: Roman power.
nominatim : by name, expressly.
nomine tenus : nominally, in name.
nomine tenus nominetenus : as far as the meaning of the word extends.
non : not.
nondum : not yet
nonnisi : not? not unless? Herimann, cap. 34.
nonnullus : some / pl. several.
nonnumquam : sometimes.
nonus : ninth.
nos : we / WE live and die by that creed.
nos : us / they tried to tell US we're too young.
nosco : to become acquainted with, get to know.
noster nostra nostrum : our, ours.
noster nostri : our ours / OUR hearts beat as one.
noster nostri : our ours / that old dream of OURS
nota : mark, token, note, sign.
notarius : stenographer (class.), notary, legal scribe.
novem : nine.
novitas : newness, novelty, strangeness.
novo : to make anew, refresh, revive, change, alter, invent.
novus : novel, unusual, extraordinary / news, novelty, a new thing
novus : new, fresh, young, inexperienced, revived, refreshed.
nox noctis : night.
nullus : not any, no, none.
numerus : total, category, class, number.
numquam : adv. at no time, never.
nunc quidem : at one time ... then.
nunc : now, at the present time.
nunquam : never.
nuntio : to announce, report, relate.
nuntius : messenger, message.
nuper : newly, recently, not long ago.
nusquam esse : not to exist.
nusquam : nowhere, in no place, nothing, for nothing, never.
nutrimens : food, nourishment.
nutrimentus : nourishment.
nutrio : to suckle, nourish, bring up, rear.
nutus : a nodding, nod, command, will.
nutus : a nod, command, will / gravitation, movement down.

[ben]

obdormio : to fall asleep.
obduro : to be hard, persist, endure, last, hold out.
obicio obieci obiectum : to offer, throw in someone's teeth.
obligatus : bound, under an obligation.
obliquo : to turn sideways, turn aside.
oblittero : to cancel, blot out.
oblivio : forgetfulness, oblivion.
obruo : to overwhelm, destroy.
obsequium : indulgence, pliancy, submission.
obstinatus : firm, resolved, staunch.
obtestor : to implore, entreat, beg, call as a witness.
obtineo : to hold, keep, possess, maintain / to continue.
obviam ire : (+ dat.) to go to meet, oppose / help, remedy.
obviam : on the way, in the way / (+ dat.) towards, against.
obvius : on the way, in the way / (in dat.) open, accessible.
occasio : favorable moment, opportunity.
occido occidi occasum : to fall, fall down, (for the sun) to set.
occulto : secretly.
occupo : to take possession, grasp, seize, enjoy, get a start on.
occurro : to fall upon, attack, work against, counteract.
occursus : meeting, falling in, running into each other.
ocius : quick. fleet, sooner, faster.
oculus : eye.
odio : to hate, despite, hold in contempt, dislike strongly.
odium : hatred.
offensio : striking, knocking, hitting against, blow.
offero : to bring forward, place before, present, offer, expose.
officina : workshop, factor.
officium : duty, service, job.
olim : at that time, formerly, once, for a long time now.
omitto : to omit, leave out / let go.
omnigenus : of all kinds.
omnino : altogether, entirely, wholly, certainly, completely.
omnipotens : all-powerful, almighty, omnipotent
omnis : all, every.
onero : to load, burden, oppress, fill up.
onus : load, burden, weight, trouble / charge, public road tax.
opera : work, pains, labor.
operor : to work, labor, toil, take pains.
opes : (pl.) means, wealth, abundance, riches, resources.
opinio : opinion, report, rumor, conjecture, report.
opisthotonos : A disease where the body is curved backward.
oporotheca : place for keeping fruit.
oportet : it is proper, one should, one ought.
oportunitas : convenience, fitness, advantage, opportunity.
oppono opposui oppositum : to set against, oppose, be opposite.
opportune : (adv) opportunely, conveniently.
opportunitas : fitness, suitability, convenience, advantage.
opportunitatus : Herimann, cap. 42.
opportunus : opportune, fit, convenient, suitable.
opportunus : fit, suitable / (time) favorable / (+dat.) liable to.
opprimo oppressi oppressum : to suppress, overwhelm, overpower, check.
opprobrium : reproach, disgrace.
oppugno : to fight against, attack, assault, assail.
ops : singular: power, power to aid, power to help.
optimates : the aristocratic party.
optimus: one of the best, aristocrat, noble.
opto : to desire, wish for, want.
opus operis : work, labor, work done, completed work, building.
oratio : speech, address, oration.
orator : orator, speaker.
orbis terrarum : the world, the Earth.
orbis : circle, orb.
ordinatio : rule, government, order, arrangment, regulation.
ordine, ordinem : regularly, appropriately, properly.
ordo : rank, class, order.
orior oriri ortus : rise, become visible, appear.
ornatus : dress, attire, equipment, ornament, embellishment.
orno : to equip, furnish, supply / decorate, adorn.
oro : to speak, argue, plead, orate, beg, entreat.
os, oris : mouth, face, countenance.
ostendo : show, reveal, present, make plain, declare.
ostium : entrance, door.
otium : free time, leisure, ease, peace, repose.
otium : ease, leisure, inactivity.
ovis ovis : sheep.
P

paciscor : to make an agreement, covenant, pact.
paciscor : to make a bargain or agreement, covenant, deal.
pactum : treaty, pact, contract.
pactum : agreement, contract, covenant, pact.
pactus : agreed-upon, stipulated, betrothed.
paene, pene : nearly, almost.
paganus : countryman, peasant, pagan.
pala : spade, peel for putting bread in the oven.
palam : openly, publicly, (+abl.) in the presence of.
palea : chaff.
pallium : coverlet, mantle, cloak.
palma : palm.
pando : to stretch out, spread out, extent.
panis panis : bread.
par : equal, like.
paratus : prepared, ready, provided, equipped.
paratus : prepared, ready, equipped; (of persons) skilled.
paratus : preparation, fitting out, equipment.
parco : (with dative) to spare, refrain from injuring.
parco : (+inf.: to forbear to), avoid, spare, keep oneself from.
parens parentis : parent.
pareo : (+ dat.) to be obedient to, obey.
paries parietis : wall
parilis : similar, like, equal.
pario : to bear, bring forth, produce / create, make, get.
pariter : equally, in like manner, as well.
paro : to prepare, get ready / set, put / furnish, supply / buy.
pars partis : part, share / direction.
partim : partly / some.
parum minus minime : (adv.) little, too little, not enough.
parvus minor minimus : small, little
pasco : to graze, forage, browse.
passer : sparrow.
passim : adv. far and wide, everywhere, scattered about.
patefacio : to disclose, expose, open, make open.
pateo : to be revealed, to stand open, to be clear, plain.
pater patris : father.
paternus : of a father, paternal, native.
patiens : patient / (+ gen.) capable of enduring.
patientia : patience, suffering, endurance.
patior : to suffer, endure, permit.
patria : fatherland, one's native country, homeland.
patrocinor : to protect, defend, support, patronize.
patronus : patron, protector.
patruus : paternal uncle.
pauci : few, a few, some.
paulatim : gradually, little by little.
pauper : beggar, person without means.
pauper : poor, with few means, poverty-stricken.
paupertas : beggardry, poverty, humble circumstances.
pax pacis : peace
peccatus : sin.
pecco : to do wrong, err, sin, go astray.
pecto : to comb, card, thrash (to card wool).
pectus pectoris : heart, breast.
pecunia : money.
pecus : a single head of cattle, especially a sheep.
peior : worse (see malus).
pello pepulli pulsum : to hit, beat / exile, drive away, banish.
pendeo : to hang, depend, be suspended / be uncertain, undecided.
pendo : to weigh, value, consider, judge, esteem.
penitus : inward, inner, interior.
penitus : (adv.) inside, widely, through and through, completely.
penus, us : provender, supplies, victuals.
pepulo : ? Herimann, cap. 3.
per : (+ acc.) (cause) because of, on account of.
per : (+ acc.) (means / instrument) through, with, by, by means of.
per : (+ acc.) (of time) throughout, during, in the course of.
per : (+ acc.) (of space) through, along, over / in the presence of.
peracto : to carry through, complete, accomplish.
peragro : to wander through, travel through.
percipio percepi perceptum : to gain, learn, perceive, understand.
percontor percunctor : inquire, interrogate, investigate.
perculsus : a shock.
percutio (percussum) : to strike hard, pierce, transfix / shock.
perdignus : very worthy.
perdo : to destroy, ruin, waste, scatter, squander.
perduco : to lead through, conduct, carry through.
peregrinus : wanderer, foreigner, stranger / pilgrim, crusader.
pereo : to pass away, be destroyed, perish.
perfectus : complete, finished, done / perfect, without flaw.
perfero : to bear, suffer, endure.
perficio perfeci perfectum: to do thoroughly, accomplish, bring about.
perfruor : to execute completely, enjoy to the full.
perfusus : steeped, soaked, drenched.
pergo : to continue, proceed, go on with.
periclitatus : put in peril, endangered.
periclitor : to test make a trial, put in peril, endanger.
periculosus : hazardous, dangerous.
periculum : danger, risk.
perimo peremi peremptum : to destroy
peritus : skilled, expert.
periurium : perjury, oath-breaking, forswearing an oath.
perlustro : to pass through, survey, look, examine.
permitto permissi permissum : to allow, permit, let.
permoveo : to excite, agitate, stir up, move.
perniciosus : pernicious, destructive.
perperam : wrongly, falsely.
perpetro : to complete, accomplish, perform.
perpetuus : perpetual, lasting, continuous, uninterrupted.
perscitus : very clever, exceedingly sharp.
perscribo : to write out, write down, place on record.
perseco : to cut through, dissect, cut away.
persequor persequi persecutus : to follow, pursue, take revenge.
perseverantia : perseverance, persistence.
persevero : to persist, persevere, continue.
persisto : to persist, persevere.
persolvo : to unloose, explain, expound / pay off a debt, pay.
personam gero : to act a part.
perspicuus : transparent, bright, clear, evident.
persuadeo persuasi persuasum : (+ dat.) to persuade.
perterreo : to terrify.
pertimesco : to become very much afraid.
pertinacia : firmness, obstinacy, stubbornness.
pertinaciter : stubbornly, obstinately.
pertinax : persistent, firm, mean, stubborn, obstinate
pertineo : to pertain to, relate to, concern.
pertingo : to stretch out, extend.
pertorqueo : to twist, distort.
pertraho : to drag, forcibly conduct, entice, allure.
perturbo : to disturb, trouble, perturb, disrupt.
perturpis : very disgraceful.
peruro perussi perustum : to burn up, consume / inflame, gall, chafe.
pervalidus : very strong.
pervenio : (+ acc.) to reach, attain, reach, be passed to.
perverto perverti perversum : to turn upside down, overturn, overthrow.
pervideo pervidi pervisum : to look over, survey, inspect, discern.
pes pedis : foot.
pessimus : worst (see malus)
pessum do: to destroy, ruin, wreck
pessum ire: to sink, be ruined, destroyed, be put to an end.
pessum : to the ground, to the bottom, downward.
pestifer : pestilential, injurious, damaging, plaguey,
pestifere : destructively, injuriously.
pestis pestis : plague, epidemic, pestilence / destruction, curse.
petitus : inclining toward
peto : to make for, go to, seek, strive after.
peto : to ask for, beg, request, demand / to sue for.
Pevela : Pevle, near Cisoing.
pharetra : a quiver.
phasma phasmatis : ghost, spirit, specter.
phitonicum : Herimann p. 275.
pia pium : honest, godly, holy, pious, dutiful, patriotic.
pica : jay, magpie.
picea : the spruce tree
pictor : painter
pictoratus : painted / of cloth, embroidered.
piger pigra pigrum : lazy, slow, dull.
pignus : pawn, pledge, token, (in pl.) persons in pledges of
piper, piperis : pepper.
pipio : to chirp, tweet, pipe.
pirum : pear.
pirus : pear tree.
piscator : fisherman.
piscis piscis : fish.
pius: dutiful, godly, holy, upright, kind, honest, affectionate.
placeo : (+ dat.) to please, be agreeable to
placet : it is agreed, it is resolved, it seems good.
placide : quitely, gently.
placidus : quiet, still, gentle.
placitum : judgment, case / plea, litigation / defense.
placitum : accord, agreement, pact / assembly for judgment.
placo : to placate, appease.
plaga : district, zone, region.
plagiarius : kid-napper, plagiarist
plane : plainly, clearly.
plango planxi plactum : to strike, beat / bewail, mourn.
platea : street, courtyard.
plaustrum : wagon, cart, charles Wain.
plebs plebis : the common people, the masses, the crowd.
plecto : to punish.
plector : to be punished.
plene : (adv.) completely, wholly, fully.
plenus : full, complete, full, satisfied, rich, mature, plump.
plerumque : for the most part, generally, commonly, mostly.
plerusque : very many, a great number, a large part, the greater part.
plico : to fold.
plorabilis : deplorable.
plorator : a lamenter.
ploratus : weeping, lamenting.
ploro : to lament, weep, weep over.
pluit pluvit : it is raining, a shower is falling.
pluma : feather / featherbed / pen.
plumbeus : leaden, made of lead / dull, stupid, heavy, oppressive, bad.
plumbum album : tin.
plumbum : lead, a bullet, lead pipe.
pluo : to rain, shower, sprinkle.
plura : more numerous, several, many.
plures : more numerous, several, many.
plurimi : at the highest price, of the highest worth.
plurimus : most, very many.
pluris : (gen.) at a higher price, of a great value
plus : more.
plusculus : somewhat more, rather more.
pluvia : rain, shower.
pluvialis : pertaining to rain, of rain.
pocius potius : rather, preferably.
poema poematis : poem, verse, rhyme.
poena : pain, punishment, penalty / poena dare : to pay the penalty.
poeta : (masc.) poet.
polenta : pearl barley, barley groats.
pollen : (also pollis ): fine flour, fine meal.
polleo : to be strong, powerful, able.
pollex : thumb, big toe.
polliceor : to promise, offer.
pollicitus : promised, a promise.
pomum : fruit, apple.
pono posui positum : to lay, place, put, set / (milit.) post, station.
pons pontis : bridge.
poposco : see posco : Herimann, cap. 28, 69.
populus : people, the people, nation, crowd, multitude, host.
porro : forward, further, next, in turn, (of time) long ago.
porta : gate, entrance.
posco : to call upon, ask earnestly, request.
positus : position, place, arrangment.
possessio : possession, property.
possum posse potum : to be able, avail, have influence.
post : (+ acc.) after, behind.
postea : afterwards.
posteri : posterity.
posterus, postremo : subsequent, following, next, future.
posthabeo : [posthabito] : to put after, consider of less account.
postpono : to put after, consider secondary.
postquam : (conj.) after.
postulo : to ask.
potens : able, mighty, powerful, strong.
potestas : power, ability, authority / opportunity.
potior : (+ gen. or dat.) to possess, hold, get possession of.
potissimum : (adv.) chiefly, most of all.
potissimus : best of all, chief, principal.
potius : rather, preferably
prae dulcis / pre dulcis : exceedingly sweet.
prae se ferre / pre se ferre : to show, exhibit, on account of.
prae quam / pre quam : in comparison with.
prae pre : (prep. with abl.) before,
prae pre : (adv.) before, in front.
praebeo prebeo : to offer, hold out, supply, provide, allow.
praebeo prebeo : (+ refl.) to show oneself, present oneself.
praecedo precedo : to precede, go before / surpass, excel.
praecelsus precelsus : exceedingly high.
praecepio precepio : precept, preconception.
praeceptum preceptum : precept.
praecido : to cut short, lop, mutilate.
praecipio, precipio : to instruct, advise, warn, anticipate.
praecipuus precipuus: excellent, distinguished, extraordinary.
praeclarus preclarus : excellent, famous, beautiful, striking.
praeconor preconor : to be a public crier, to herald, proclaim.
praecox precox : ripe beforehand, premature.
praeda preda : plunder, booty, spoils of war, loot, gain, prey.
praedico predico : to warn, admonish, instruct, foretell.
praeeo preeo : to go before, precede / to say in advance / to order.
praefero prefero : to carry in front, display, prefer.
praefero prefero : anticipate, carry by, ride by.
praeficio preficio / prefeci prefectum : to put in charge of
praefinio prefinio : to appoint ahead of time
praefoco prefoco : to choke, suffocate.
praegravo pregravo : to press heavily upon, weigh down, oppress.
praemitto : to send forward, dispatch, send in advance.
praemium premium : reward, prize.
praemo premo : to press down, strike down.
praenuntio, prenuntio : to foretell, announce before hand.
praenuntius prenuncius : foretelling, harbinger, omen, token.
praepono prepono : to set over, prefer.
praepositus prepositus : (monastic) prior.
praeproperus, preproperus: over-hasty, precipitate.
praesentia presentia : presence, presence of mind, effect, power.
praesentia presencia : power, effect.
praesidium presidium : guard, garrison, detachment / protection.
praestans prestans : excellent, distinguished, imminent.
praestantia prestantia: superiority, excellence.
praesto : to stand before, be outstanding, excell, surpass, show.
praesto presto : to answer for, be responsible for.
praesto presto : to do, perform, display, fulfill, offer, present.
praesul presul : dancer / presider, protector, director.
praesum presum : to be at the head of, be in charge of.
praesumo presumo : to anticipate, take for granted.
praeter : adj., except; prep. + acc., besides, beyond, more than.
praeterea preterea : besides, further, hereafter.
praetereo pretereo : to pass over, pass by, omit.
praeteritus preteritus : past.
praetermissio pretermissio : neglect, passing over, omission.
praetorgredior pretergredior : to pass beyond, go beyond.
praevenio, prevenio : to come before, anticipate.
praevenio : get the start of.
pravitas : crookedness, depravity, deformity, perversity.
preastolatio prestolatio : the waiting for, expectation.
precipio : to anticipate, instruct, advise, warn.
precipue : chiefly, especially, particularly.
precor : to pray, beg, entreat, invoke.
prehendo : to seize, snatch, grasp, detain, arrest.
premo pressi pressum : to squeeze, press down, strike down.
prenda : booty, loot, stolen goods.
pretereo : to go by, pass by, escape.
pretium : price, value, reward.
prevenire : to come to, go before hand, attend.
prex precis : request, entreaty, prayer.
primitus : first, for the first time.
primo : first, at first, at the beginning, at the start.
primoris : first, foremost / most distinguished, first.
primum : quam primum : as soon as possible.
primum : at first, for the first time, in the first place.
princeps : chief, prince.
principatus : rule, dominion, pre-eminence, first place.
principium : beginning.
prior prius : former, prior.
priores, um : forefathers, ancestors.
priscus : ancient, antique, former, old days, venerable.
pristinus : former, venerable, ancient.
prius : before, formerly.
priusquam : (conj.) before.
privatus : private, unofficial, a private person.
privigna : step-daughter.
privo : to deprive
privus : (with gen.) deprived of.
pro eo : because of the fact, because, for this reason..
pro : (+ abl.) in return for, instead of / for, as.
pro : (+ abl.) in front of, before / on behalf of, for.
probitas : probity, uprightness, honesty.
probo : to show, prove, demonstrate, approve, find good, judge.
procedo : to go out, come out / result, prosper / turn out well.
procedo : to go ahead, proceed, advance, continue.
procella : storm, tempest, gale; (milit) charge, onset, wave.
procella : storm, tempest, gale.
procer : chief noble, prince.
procinctu : prepared or ready for battle.
procul : far, at, to, from a distance.
procurator : manager, bailiff, agent.
prodigiosus : unnatural, wonderful, miraculous, amazing.
proditor : traitor, betrayer.
proelium : battle.
profecto : truly, really, indeed.
profero : to carry out, bring forth.
proficio : to make progress, advance.
proficio : advance, assist, help, aid, be of use.
proficiscor : to depart, set out, to start forward, to arise.
proficuus : proficiscor : to start forward, set out, depart, arise.
profiteor: to make a public statement / to declare oneself.
profiteor: to acknowledge, confess / offer, promise.
profor profari profatus : to speak out.
profugus : fleeing, fugitive, banished, migratory.
profundo frofui profusum : to pour forth, gush, stream.
profundum : a depth, abyss, chasm / the sea.
profundus : deep, profound, high, thick, dense, boundless.
progener : husband of a grand-daughter.
progenero : to produce, engender.
progenies : descent, lineage, progeny, offspring, descendants.
progenitor : founder of a family, ancestor.
progigno progenui progenitum : to engender, bring forth.
prognatus : born, sprung from / son.
progredior : to go forth, advance, proceed, go out.
progressio : advance, progress, increase.
progressus : advance, going forward, increase, a royal circuit.
prohibeo : to prevent, hinder, restrain, prohibit, forbid.
prohibitio : prohibition, restrain, forbidding.
proicio : to throw forth, fling, abandon.
proinde ut: proinde quam: just as.
proinde quasi proinde ac si : just as if.
proinde : consequently, therefore, as a result.
prolabor : to slide forward, slip forward, fall forward, fall down.
prolapsio : a slipping or sliding.
prolatio : a bringing forward, mentioning / extension / deferring.
prolato : to enlarge, lengthen, extend / put off, defer.
prolecto : to entice, allure.
proles : offspring, descendants, posterity, (plants : fruit).
proletarius : a citizen of the lowest rank.
prolicio prolixi : to lure forth, entice.
prolix : long, stretching.
prolixus : wide, broad, long / willing, obliging, favorable.
proloquor : to speak out, declare openly.
proluo prolu prolutum : to wash away, wash clean.
prolusio : preliminary exercise, prelude.
proluvier : inundation / scouring / discharge.
promereo promereor : to deserve, merit
promeritum : desserts, merit, credit.promissio : a promise.
prominens : jutting out, standing out / a projection.
promineo : to stand out, jut, extend.
promisce promiscue : indiscriminately.
promiscus promiscuus : mixed, indiscriminate / commonplace, usual.
promissio : a promise
promissor : a promiser, suretor, guarantor.
promitto : to let go, send forth, undertake, promise.
promitto : to let go forward, send forth, promise, undertake.
promo prompsi promptum : to produce, disclose, bring forth.
promontorium : peak, mountain crest, ridge, promontory.
promoveo promovi promotum : push forward, move ahead, advance.
prompte : promptly, resolutely, readily.
promptu : in promptu habere : to have read, display, have on show.
promptu : in promptu ponere : to make clear, reveal, disclose.
promptu : in promptu esse : to be ready, to be easy, to be clear.
promptus : (persons) prepared, resolute, prompt.
promptus : ready at hand, visible, apparent.
promulgatio : publication, promulgation (of a law).
promus : steward, butler.
promutuus : (cash) advanced, prepaid, arraigned beforehand.
pronepos proneptos : great-grandson
pronuntio : to proclaim, announce, declaim.
prope : near, nearly, not far from, just now, closely.
prope : near, near to, not far, not long from now.
propello : to drive before one, drive away.
propero : to hasten, speed, move rapidly, come quickly.
propero : to hasten / accelerate, speed up.
propinquo : (intrans) to come near, draw near, approach.
propinquus : near, close, similar, nearly related.
propono : display, publish, relate, tell, propose, promise.
propositum : a design, purpose, scheme, theme of discourse.
proprie : exclusively, particularly, peculiarly. properly.
proprius : one's own, special, characteristic, particular.
proprius : one's own, permanent, special, peculiar.
propter : (+ acc.) near, close, on account of, because of.
propugnaculum : fortification, rampart, defense.
prorsus : forward, straight ahead, to sum up, utterly, wholly.
prosequor (prosecutus) : to attack, go with, pursue, attend.
prosper : favorable, fortunate, lucky, prosperous.
prosperitas : prosperity, good fortune.
prosum (profuturus) : to be useful, of benefit, do good.
prosum : to be useful, do good, benefit (+ dative).
prosum : (with dat.) to be useful, do good, benefit.
protestor, protesto : to declare in public, affirm, bear witness.
protinus : forward, further on, continuously, immediately.
protraho (protractus): to draw out, protract, defer, make known.
prout : just as, according to.
provectus : advanced, advanced in age.
proveho : to carry on, carry forward, advance, promote,
proventus : a growing up, increase, crop, yield, or issue.
provideo : to foresee, provide, make provision for.
provisor : one who provides for, or against.
provolvere se : to throw oneself down, abase oneself.
proximus : nearest, closest, next.
prudens : prudent, wise.
prudenter : wisely, discreetly.
prudentia : foresight, wisdom, discretion.
Pruma : Prums.
publicus : of the people, public, open to all.
puchre : beautifully, finely, handsomely.
pudendus : shameful, disgraceful.
pudeo : to be ashamed,
pudicus : modest. chaste.
pudor : modesty, bashfulness.
puella : girl.
puer : boy.
puerilis : childish, boyish, foolish.
pueriliter : boyishly, childishly, foolishly.
puga pyga : buttocks.
pugna : fight, battle, conflict, set-to.
pugnacitas : the desire to fight, pugnacity.
pugnaculum : fortress.
pugnax : fond of fighting, combative, stubborn, contentious.
pugno : to fight.
pugnus : the fist.
pulchellus : pretty.
pulcher pulchra pulchrum : beautiful, handsome, fine.
pulchritudo pulchritudinis : beauty, fineness.
pulex : the flea.
pullulo : shoot up, sprout, burgeon.
pullus : dark-colored, blackish / sad, gloomy / a dark garment.
pullus : young animal / chicken, chick.
pulmentum : anything eaten with bread, sauce or relish.
pulmo : the lung.
pulpa : flesh.
pulpitum : platform, stage.
pulso : to strike (the hours)
pulsus : beating, blow, push, influence.
pulsus : beating, blow, push, impulse, influence.
pulvis : dust, powder / arena, scene of action.
pumilius pumilio : a dwarf.
punctum : a prick, little hole, puncture / a point, spot, place.
pungo pupugi punctum : to penetrate / sting, annoy, harass.
pungo pupugi punctum : to prick, puncture, stab / touch, move.
puniceus : purple, red.
punio : to punish, avenge, gave vengeance.
punitor : punisher, avenger.
pupa : doll / little girl.
pupillus pupilla : orphan, ward.
puppis : stern of a ship, the poop.
pupula : pupil of the eye.
purgamentum : rubbish, trash, filth, sweepings.
purgatio: cleaning out, cleansing / excsuing, justification.
purgo : to clean, cleanse, purify / clear away, wash off / justify.
purpura : purple dye, purple cloth / high rank, emperorship.
purus : pure, free from.
pusillus : tiny, puny / petty, mean.
putator : pruner.
puteo : to stink, be redolent, smell bad.
puter : rotten, decayed, putrid / loose, crumbling / flabby.
putesco : to putrefy, day, rot.
puteus : well, pit.
puto : to clear, settle up, consider, think, believe, suppose, judge.
putus : pure, unmixed, unadulterated.
pyropus : bronze.
pyus pyxidis : a little box, casket.
Q

qua : (adv.) by which route, where.
qua : (fem. sing. abl.) (the abbess) BY WHOM she was advised.
quadraginta : forty (indecl.)
quadratus : square, a square.
quadrigae : four-horse team.
quadrivium : second stage of the medieval curriculum
quadrivium : crossroads, place where four roads meet.
quadrum : a square
quadruplator : an exaggerator, informer
quadruplor : to be an informant.
quae : (neut. pl. nom.) WHAT cannot be avoided must be endured.
quae que : (fem. sing. nom.) (the milkmaid), WHO loved a prince.
quae : (neut. pl. acc.) those things WHICH we must have
quae : (fem. pl. nom.) Let THOSE (women) WHO have ears to hear ..
quaero quero : to seek, search for / ask, enquire, search for
quaero quero : to miss, want / seek to know / obtain, get.
quaesitio quesitio : investigation, interrogation.
quaeso queso : to seek for, ask for.
quaestio questio : seeking, searching / inquiry, investigation.
quaestuosus questuosus : profitable, fond of gain, rich.
quaestus questus : profit, a source of profit, gaining, getting.
qualis : of what kind? of the kind that.
qualiscumque : of any kind whatever, any whatever.
qualislibet : of what sort you will.
qualitas : quality, property.
qualiter : as, just as.
quam plures : as many as possible.
quam : (adv. and conj.) how, than, as ... as possible.
quam : (fem. sing. acc.) (the church), WHICH the Lord loved.
quamdiu : such a long time.
quamobrem, quam ob rem : wherefore? why? for which reason.
quamquam : nevertheless, and yet (beginning a sentence) / though.
quamtotius : ? completely.
quamvis : (conj) however much, although / as much as you like.
quando : (interr.) when si quando : if ever.
quandoquidem : since, because.
quanti : for how much, at what price.
quanto : by how much (+ comp. adj. or adv.)
quantocius quantotius : the soon the better.
quantocius quantotius : as quickly as possible.
quantum in me est : as much as in me lies.
quantum : (+ gen.) as much of ... as.
quantum : how much?, how much!, as much as.
quantus ... quantus : as great as, as much as.
quantus : how great?, how great!, how much, as great as.
quantuscumque quantacumque quantumcumque : however great
quantuslibet : as much as you will, as great as you will.
quantuvis : as great as you please, however great.
quapropter : wherefore.
quare : wherefore, why, because of which thing.
quartus : fourth.
quarum : (fem. pl. gen.) their envy and jealousy, OF WHICH we know.
quas : (fem. pl. acc.) the fates, against whom he struggled
quasi : as if, just as, just as if, as it were / a sort of
quassatio : a shaking.
quasso : to shake violently, shake to pieces, break, shatter..
quatenus / quatinus : since, as, in order that, that.
quatenus / quatinus : how far, to what extent, where, seeing that.
quater : four times / again and again.
quattuor : four (indecl.)
quem : (masc. sing. acc.) (the man), WHOM the king struck.
quemadmodum : how, in what manner.
queo : to be able.
quercetum : an oak grove, and oak forest.
quercus : oak tree.
quereia querella : complaint, complaining.
queribundus : complaining, plaintive, whining.
querimonia : complaint, a charge in court.
queritor : to complain excessively, whine, gripe.
quernus : oaken.
queror : to complain, lament, bewail (dogs) whine, whimper.
querulus : complaining, whining, lamenting.
qui quae que quod : which, what, that.
qui : (masc. pl. nom.) Let THOSE (men) WHO have eyes to see ...
qui : (masc. neut. nom.) (the prince) WHO loved a milkmaid
quia : because.
quibus : (neut. pl. abl.) the arms WITH WHICH he won Rome.
quibus : (fem. pl. dat.) the good fortune, TO WHICH he owed his crown.
quibus : (neut. pl. dat.) the crimes FOR WHICH he was executed.
quibus : (masc. pl. dat.) the monastery IN WHICH he was interred.
quibus : (masc. pl. abl.) his sons, BY WHOM he was attacked when old
quibus : (fem. pl. abl.) the beards, BY WHICH the pirates were known.
quicquid : whoever, whatever, whatsoever, anything at all.
quid : (neut. of quis ) : what
quidam quaedam quedam quidam : a certain person or thing, / kind of.
quidem : indeed, certainly, at least / ne ... quidem : not ... even.
quies quietis : quiet, rest, peace.
quilibet : anyone, anything.
quin etiam : why even, in fact, moreover.
quin : but come now, rather, indeed,
quinam quaenam quenam quodnam : which? what?
quingenti : five hundred.
quinquennis : five years old.
quippe : certainly, to be sure, indeed, of course.
quisnam, quidnam : who, what.
quisquam : anyone, anything.
quisque : each one, each person.
quisquis : whoever, whatever, whatsoever, anything at all.
quo : to which place, to what place, whither, where.
quo : (masc. sing. abl.) (the money) BY means of WHICH he lived.
quo : (neut. sing. abl.) (the eagerness) THROUGH WHICH he died.
quod : because, whereas, the point that, the fact that.
quod : (with time) since, as far as, to the extent that.
quod : (beginning sentence) and, but, now.
quod : (neut. sing. acc.) (the sea), WHICH you cannot drink dry.
quod : (neut. sing. nom.) (the war), WHICH killed so many.
quodammodo : in a certain way, in a certain measure.
quomodo : in what manner, how / in whatever way, somehow.
quondam : formerly, once, at one time, erstwhile.
quoniam : since, whereas, because.
quoque : also, too.
quorum : (neut. pl. gen.) dangers, OF WHICH there were not a few.
quorum : (masc. pl. gen.) the army, half OF WHICH was ill.
quos : (masc. pl. acc.) those WHOM he accused of treachery.
quot : how many, as many (indecl.).
quotiens : often.
quotienscumque : however often.
quovis : to whatever place you will.
R

radicitus : by the roots, utterly.
rapio rapui ratum : to seize, snatch, carry away.
rarus : rare, uncommon.
ratio : system, manner, method, procedure, manner.
ratio : reckoning, account / reason, judgment, consideration.
re vera : in truth.
recedo : to go back, retreat, retire, disappear.
recipio recepi receptum : to go back, retire, recede, retreat.
recito : to read aloud, recite.
recognosco : to recognize, recollect, recall.
recolo : to recall, reflect upon, rework, resume, rehabilitate.
recolo : to cultivate, work again, resume, rehabilitate
recolo : reflect upon, consider, recall.
reconcilio : to restore, repair / (of persons) unite, reconcile.
recondo : lay up, store, hoard.
recordatio : recollection, memory, recall.
recordor : to remember, think of, recollect, ponder over.
recro : to recreate, restore, revive.
rectum : virtue, right
rectus : right, correct, proper, upright, natural, plain.
recuperatio : recovery, recuperation.
recupero : to regain, recoup, recover.
recuso : to refuse.
redarguo : refute, disprove, contradict.
redarguo : disprove, refute. With gen. prove guilty, convict.
reddo : to repeat, recite, represent, imitate, pay up, deliver.
reddo : to give back, restore, return, answer, translate, render.
redemptio : ransoming, redemption, buying back, farming taxes.
redemptor : redeemer (Christ).
redeo : to go back, come back, return / (revenue) to come in.
redeo : to fall back upon, be reduced to, be brought to.
redigo (redactum) : to bring or reduce to a condition, lessen.
redono : to give back, give up.
reduco : to lead back, bring back, return.
redundantia : overflowing, redundancy.
redundo : to overflow, stream over, overflow, excess, flood.
refectorium : refectory, monastic mess hall.
refero : to bring back a message, refer.
reformo : to form again, mould anew.
regina : queen.
regius : royal, regal.
regnum : rule, authority, kingdom, realm.
rego rexi rectum : to guide, direct, to rule.
regula : rule / monastic rule.
relaxo : to loosen, enlarge, relax, ease, lighten.
relego relegi relectum : to read again, re-read.
relevo : to lift again, lighten, alleviate, relieve.
relictus : (fr. relinquo) having inherited, been bequeathed.
relinquo : to leave behind, bequeath / abandon, forsake.
reliquum : remainder, what is left, leavings.
relucesco : to become bright again.
reluctor : to struggle against, resist.
remando : to send back word.
remaneo : to stay behind, remain, continue.
remaneo : to remain behind, stay, continue.
rememdium : cure, remedy, nostrum, medicine.
removeo : to draw back, set aside, take away.
remuneror : to repay, reward.
renuntio : to declare, announce, report, give notice.
renuo : to deny, refuse, reject.
rependo : to ransom, pay back, requite.
repens : sudden, unexpected, fresh, recent.
repente : suddenly, unexpectedly.
repere : to crawl.
reperio : to get again, find, ascertain, discover, invent.
repetitio : repetition.
repeto : to seek again, ask back.
repeto : to return to, begin again, deduce, recall, recollect.
repleo : to replenish, fill up, fill up again, fill, satisfy.
repletus : filled, full.
repo repsi reptum : to creep, crawl.
repono : to deposit, lay up, store / requite.
reprehendo : to blame, reprove, refute, hold back, check, catch.
repugno : to fight against, oppose, resist / be incompatible with.
requiesco requievi requietum : to rest.
requiro : to ask for, look for, demand, desire, miss.
res rei : thing, matter, business, affair.
res publica : commonwealth, state, republic, public business.
resisto : to resist, make a stand, oppose.
respicio : to look back, provide for, respect, have regard for.
respondeo respondi responsum : to answer, reply, respond.
restituo : restore, put back, replace, reinstate, repair.
resumo (resumpsi, resumptum) : to renew, repeat, resume.
retineo : to hold back, restrain, detain, keep, maintain.
retraho retraxi retractum : to draw back, pull back.
retribuo : to give again, give as due.
reus : defendant, accused, answerable, bound.
revenio : to come back, return.
reverto : to go back, return, revert.
revertor reverti reversus : to return, come back.
revoco : to call back, recover, refer, revoke.
revolvo : to unroll a book, go over again, repeat.
rex rgis : king.
rhetor : rhetorician, teacher of rhetoric.
rhetoricus : rhetorical.
rideo risi risum : to laugh at, laugh.
rigor : stiffness, hardness, sternness.
ritus : usage, ceremony, rite.
rogo eum ut +subjunctive : to ask someone to do something.
rogo : to ask, ask for.
rostrum : bill of a bird, beak.
rota : wheel.
Rotomagense : Rouen.
rotundus : wheel-shaped, round.
rubor : redness, blush, modesty, shame, disgrace.
rudimentum : trial, attempt, essay.
rumor : rumor, gossip.
ruo rui rutum : to rush, fall, be ruined.
rursus : on the other hand, in return, back, again.
rus ruris : the country, countryside, rural area.
rusticus : rustic, rural / peasant.
S

sabbatum : sabbath.
sacculus : purse, little bag, little sack.
sacrificum : sacrifice.
sacrilegus : sacrilegious, impious.
saepe sepe : hedge, fence, enclosure, haye.
saepe sepe : often, frequently, repeatedly.
saepenumero : repeated, again and again.
saepius sepius : often, frequently, repeatedly.
saeta : hair.
saeta equina : horse-hair.
saevio : to rage, be furious, take violent action.
sal salis : salt, wit.
salsus : salty, witty.
saltem : at least, at all events.
salus : health, safety, well-being, salvation / salutation.
saluto : to wish well, greet, visit, reverence, pay respect to.
salutor : visitor, caller.
salveo : to be well, be in good health.
salvus : safe, sound.
sanctifico : to sanctify, make holy.
sanctimonia : purity, charity, virtue, sanctity, sacredness.
sanctimonialis : nun.
Sanctus Eleutherius : St. Eligius.
Sanctus Egidius : St. Gilles.
sanctus : holy, sacred, / saint.
Sanctus Rodoenus : St. Ouen.
sane : rationally, sensibly, really, indeed, to be sure.
sanitas : health, soundness of mend, sanity.
sano : to heal.
Santiago : St. James.
sanus : sound, healthy, sane.
sapiens : (subs.) a wise man, philosopher.
sapiens : wise, judicious.
sapienter : wisely, judiciously.
sapientia : wisdom.
sarcina : bundle, pack, burden, load.
satago : to pay a creditor, satisfy a creditor.
satago : have one's hands full, have enough to do.
satio : to satisfy, sate.
satis : enough, sufficient / sufficiently.
sato : to sow, plant.
satura : satire.
saturo : to fill, satisfy.
scaber : scabby, rough.
scabies : the itch, mange, a rash.
Scaldus : Scheldt.
scamnum : bench, stool.
scaphium (sciphus : Herimann, cap. 24) pot, bowl, drinking vessel
sceleratus : wicked, accursed, infamous, criminal.
scelero : to pollute with guilt, with blood, etc.
scelestus : wicked, accursed, infamous, criminal.
scelus sceleris : crime, sin, evil deed, wickedness.
schola : school / elite troop of soldiers.
scientia : knowledge, science, skill.
scilicet : evidently, certainly, of course, no doubt, assuredly.
scindo : to cut, rend, split, divide, separate.
scio scivi scitum : to know.
scio : to know, understand.
scio : to know, understand.
scisco : investigate, ask, inquire / vote, ordain, resolve.
scribo, scripsi scriptum : to write, compose.
scrinium : bookcase, case for papers.
scriptor : writer, author, scribe.
se habere : to keep oneself.
se gero : to conduct oneself, conduct, carry on.
se astringo : to commit oneself to.
secedo : to go apart, withdraw.
secerno secrevi secretum : to separate.
secundum : (adv.) after, behind.
secundum : (+ inf.), following, after, during, according to.
secundus : second.
securus : safe, secure, free from care, unworried, unconcerned.
secus : non secus, haud secus: just so.
secus : otherwise, not so.
secus + atque or quam : differently from, otherwise than.
secus : wrongly, badly, not as one would wish.
secuutus : follower, pursuer.
sed : but / and indeed, what is more.
sedeo sedi sessum : to sit.
seditio : dissension, quarrel, insurrection, mutiny, rising.
sedo : to settle, smooth, calm, allay.
seductor : seducer.
semel : a single time, for the first time, even once, once, ever.
semper : always, ever.
senectus : old age, dotage.
senex senis : old, aged, old man.
sensus : feeling, sense.
sententia : opinion, thought, way of thinking, meaning, purpose.
sentio : to judge, suppose, vote.
sentio : feel, perceive, experience, hold an opinion,
seorsum : apart, separately.
sepelio : to ruin, destroy, bury.
septem : seven.
sepulchrum : grave, tomb, sepulcher.
seputus : buried, sunk, immersed.
sequax : following, attending, pursuing.
sequor sequi secutus : to follow, trail.
serio : seriously.
serius : serious, grave, solemn.
sermo : talk, common talk, rumor, report, discussion.
sermo : discussion, talk, common talk, conversation, rumor.
sero : to sow, plant. also, late, at a late hour.
servio : (+ dat.) to be a slave to, serve.
servitus : servitude, slavery.
servo : to watch over, keep, protect, observe, save, reserve.
servus : slave, serf.
sese : =se : himself, herself, itself.
severitas : severity, rigor, sternness, strictness.
si : if.
sibimet : to them themselves.
sic : so, thus / yes, that is so, that is right.
siccus : dry, thirsty / sober, temperate.
Siclinium : Seclin.
Siclinium : Seclin in Melanchois.
sicut : as, just as, as it were, (+verb in subj.) just as if.
sidus : constellation, star.
signum : sign, seal, indication, sign.
silens : silent, still
silenti etc : the dead.
silentium : silence, stillness, quiet, repose, obscurity.
silentium : (religion) faultlessness, perfection.
sileo : to be still, silent / (+ acc.) be silent about / rest.
siligo -inis : wheat, wheat flour.
silva : woods, forest.
similis : similar, like, resembling.
similitudo : likeness, resemblance / uniformity.
simplex : simple, unaffected.
simul atque : as soon as.
simul : at once, at the same time, together.
simulatio : pretense,
sine : (+ abl.) without.
singularis : alone, unique, extraordinary, individual, singular.
singuli : one each, one apiece, single, separate.
singultim : stammeringly.
singultus : sobbing, gasping.
singultus : sobbing, death rattle.
singulus : single, separate, one at a time, one each.
sino : allow, suffer, permit, let.
siquidem : since, indeed
sitio : to be thirsty.
sitis : thirst, dryness, drought, eager desire.
sive seu : or if.
socer : father in law.
socius : sharing, associated, allied.
socius : partner, comrade, associate, ally, fellow.
sodalitas : fellowship, companionship, secret society.
sol solis : sun.
soleo : to be accustomed, be used to.
solio : ? Herimann, cap. 28.
solitudo solitudinis : loneliness, solitude.
solium : chair of state, throne / bath-tub.
sollers : clever, skillful.
sollicito : to stir up, incite, arouse.
sollicitudo : uneasiness, anxiety, disquiet, apprehension.
sollicitudo : concern, anxiety, solicitude, worry.
sollicitus : uneasy, worried, anxious, restless, agitated.
sollicitus : troubled, anxious, concerned, worried.
solum : land, country, soil, ground / bottom, floor, foundation.
solum : non solum ... sed etiam : not only ... but also.
solum : (adv) alone, only.
solus : alone, only, the only.
solutio : loosening / payment / solution / explanation.
solvo : to loosen, untie, release, free, dissolve, break up.
somniculosus : sleepy, drowsy
somniculouse : sleepily, drowsily.
somnio : to dream / (+ acc.) to dream of, imagine foolishly.
somnium : dream, fancy, day-dream / foolishness, nonsense.
somnus : sleep.
sonitus : noise, sound.
sono : to make a noise / sing / celebrate / (of words) to mean.
sophismata : false conclusions, logical fallacies.
sopor : deep sleep.
sordeo : to be dirty, appear vile.
sordes : filth, meanness, stinginess.
sordesco : to become dirty.
sortitus : casting lots, deciding by lot.
spargo sparsi sparsum : scatter, strew, spread.
speciosus : beautiful, handsome, imposing / specious plausible.
spectaculum : spectacle, show.
specto : to look at, watch, see.
speculum : mirror.
specus : cave, cavern, grotto, den.
sperno sprevi spretum : to scorn, despise, spurn.
spero : to hope for, hope.
spes : hope.
spiculum : sharp point, sting, spear, dart.
spiritus : breath, breathing / life / spirit.
spoliatio : plundering, looting, stripping, robbing.
spolio : to strip, plunder, despoil, rob, loot
spolium : spoils, plunder, booty.
sponte : willingly, of one's own accord, unaided.
St. Richarius : St. Riquier.
stabilis : firm, stable, steadfast.
stabilitas : firmness, stability, durability.
Stabulaus : Stavelot.
statim : firmly, steadfastly, on the spot, at once, immediately.
statua : statue.
statuo : to give a ruling, make an arrangement, decide.
statuo : to cause to stand, establish, place, set up.
stella : star.
stillicidium : dripping moisture, rainwater from the eaves.
stipes, itis : log, tree-trunk, branch, post, club, blockhead.
stipes : log, stump, tree trunk, branch, post, club.
stips, stipis : small coin, gift.
sto, steti, statum : to stand, stand still, stand firm.
strenuus : brisk, active, vigorous / turbulent, restive.
strues : piles, heaps, masses.
studio : (+ dat.) to study, pursue eagerly, be eager for.
studiose : eagerly.
studium : eagerness, zeal.
stultus : foolish / a fool.
suadeo : to recommend, advise (a person)
suasoria : persuasive discourse.
sub : (+ acc. or dat.) under, up under, close to, beneath, below.
subito : adv. suddenly, unexpectedly.
subitus : sudden, unexpected.
subiungo : to yoke beneath, join, attach, subdue, subjugate.
sublime : on high, aloft.
subnecto : to bind on beneath, to tie.
subseco : to cut away, pare
subsequor : to follow after
substantia : substance, essence, means of subsistence, property.
subvenio : to come up to aid, relieve.
subvenio : to come to the aid, succor, relieve, help, assist.
succedo : to approach, submit, etc. etc.
succendo : to kindle, set afire from below.
successio : succeeding, succession, descent, descendant.
succurro : to run up under / aid, assist, help.
sufficio : to be sufficient, suffice, be enough.
suffoco : to strangle, choke, suffocate.
suffragium : vote, franchise / approval support, aid, assistance.
suggero : to bring up, supply, provide, add, attach. place next.
sui : himself, herself, itself.
sulum : each, every.
sum fui futurus : to be, exist.
summa : the highest part / whole, sum.
summisse : humbly, softly, calmly, modestly.
summissus (from summitto) : let down, lowered, gentle, mild.
summopere : very much, exceedingly.
sumo : to take, choose, obtain, buy. / take for granted, assume.
sumptus : expense, cost.
supellex supellectilis : furniture, apparatus, gear.
super : (prep.) (+ abl.) over, above / concerning, about, besides.
super : (adv.) over, above, besides, beyond, moreover, remaining.
superbia : pride, arrogance.
superbus : overbearing, arrogant, haughty, proud.
superficies : surface, top.
superfluo : flow over, overflow, be superfluous.
superna : northeast by north wind.
superne : from above, above.
supernus : above, superior.
supero : to be above, have the upper hand, surpass, conquer, overcome.
supersum : to be superfluous, to remain.
superus superior supremus or summus : above, upper, high.
supervacuus : superfluous, unnecessary, extra : supervenio : to arrive, come up, arrive unexpectedly.
suppellex suppellectilus : ornaments.
suppellex suppellectilus : household articles, furniture, goods.
supplanto : to trip up.
supplex : kneeling, entreating, suppliant.
supplicium : punishment.
suppono subpono : to put under, subject / put next to, add.
suppono subpono : to put in place of, substitute, forge.
supra : (+ acc.) above.
surculus : shoot, sprout.
surgo surrexi surrectum : to get up arise.
sursum : upwards, sursum deorsum : up and down.
suscipio : to raise up, maintain, support, accept, receive, undertake.
suscito : to stir up, arouse, excite.
suspendo suspendi suspensum : to suspend, hang.
sustineo : to hold up, sustain, endure.
suus sua suum : (refl. poss. adj.) his, her, its, their own.
synagoga : synagogue.
T

tabella : writing tablet.
tabellae : letter, document.
tabernus : booth, hut, cottage, hove, small shop, inn, tavern.
tabesco : to melt, waste away, pine, be spoiled.
tabgo tetigi tactum : to touch.
tabula : board, plank, gaming board, painted panel.
taceo tacuitacitum : to be silent, leave unmentioned.
tactus : sense of feeling, touch.
taedium, tedium : disgust, weariness, boredom.
talio, -onis : retribution.
talis : of such a kind, such.
talus : the ankle, ankle bone,.
tam ... quam : as ... as possible.
tam : to such a degree, so, so far.
tamdiu : for such a long time.
tamen : notwithstanding, nevertheless, yet, still, for all that.
tametsi : even if, although.
tamisium : sieve, sifter (Herimann, p. 308).
tamquam tanquam : as, just as, like as, just as if.
tandem : adv. at last, finally.
tantillus : so little, so small.
tantum : only.
tantummodo : only just, just so long as.
tantus : so large, so great, of such a size.
tardus : slow, late, tardy.
Taruennam : The Rouanne.
te : (abl.) you / no one's sweeter than YOU.
te : (acc.) you / I got YOU, babe.
tego texi tectum : to cover, bury, conceal, hide, protect, shield.
temeritas : rashness, temerity.
temperantia : moderation, self-control, temperance.
tempero : to mix properly, temper, regulate, mitigate.
tempero : be moderate, control oneself.
tempero : (+abl. or with ab) to keep from, refrain from.
tempero : (+ dat.) to control, use with moderation, spare,
tempestas : storm, weather.
Templovium : Templeuve, villa near Cisoing.
templum : sacred precinct, temple, sometimes church.
temptatio : trial, temptation.
tempus temporis : time.
tenax : grasping, stingy, clinging, frugal, obstinate.
tendo : to direct, try, attempt, stretch, extend, present, give.
tendo : to direct one's course, tend, make or head for.
teneo : to keep on, persist, persevere, endure.
teneo : to hold, keep, possess, maintain.
teneo : to grasp, know, understand.
tener tenera tenerum : tender, delicate, soft, young.
tenuis : thin, slight, feeble, slim, slender.
tenus : prep. With abl. as far as, up to, to, down to.
tenus : (after a name in abl. or gen.) up to, down to as far as.
tepesco : to cool, grow lukewarm, decrease.
tepidus : warm, luke-warm, tepid
ter : three times, thrice.
terebro : to bore through, perforate.
teres : rounded, polished, smooth, fine, elegant.
terga dare : to flee, retreat, run away.
tergeo tergo tersi tersum : to wipe, scour, clean
tergiversatio : backwardness, reluctance, evasion.
tergo (a tergo ) : in the rear, from behind
tergum : skin, hide
tergum : back, rear.
tergus : the back / skin, hide, leather.
termes : a tree branch (especially olive).
terminatio : termination, determination, setting of boundaries.
termino : restrict, define, close, set a limit to.
terminus : a boundary mark, limit, end, border.
tero trivi tritum : to rub, wear out.
terra : earth, ground, land, country, soil.
terreo : to frighten, terrify, scare away, deter.
territo : to scare, frighten, intimidate.
terror : fright, fear, terror.
tersus : clean, neat, correct.
tertius : third.
testimonium : proof, evidence, witness, indication.
testis : one who gives evidence, witness, spectator / testicle.
texo : to weave, twine together, plait, construct, build.
texo : the main verb for weaving of cloth.
textilis : woven fabric, piece of cloth.
textor textrix : weaver.
textus : woven cloth, web.
thalassinus : sea-green.
theatrum : theater.
theca : case, envelope, covering.
thema thematis : theme.
thema : subject, topic, theme.
theologus : theologian.
thermae : warm springs, warm baths.
thesaurus : treasure, horde / store-room, treasury.
thesis : proposition, thesis.
thorax : breastplate
thymbra : the herb savory.
thymum : the herb thyme.
tibi: (dat.) you / I can't give YOU anything but love, baby.
timeo : to fear, be afraid, dread.
timidus : fearful, timid.
timor : fear, dread, object causing fear.
titulus : label, title, placard.
tolero : to tolerate, bear, endure, sustain.
tollo sustuli sublatum : to lift up, raise, elevate, carry away.
tondeo totondi tonsum : shave, shear, clip, mow, reap, browse.
tonsor : barbar.
Tornacense : Tournai.
torqueo : to twist, curl, rack, torture, torment, distort, test.
torrens : rushing, seething, burning, parched / a torrent.
tot : (indecl.) so many.
totidem : just as many.
toties, toties : so often, so many times.
toties, totiens : so many times, so often.
toties : often, so many times.
totus : whole, entire, complete, all.
tracto : to drag, handle / treat, discuss, deal with.
trado tradidi traditum : surrender / hand over / transmit, teach.
traho traxi tractum : to drag, pull / derive, get.
Traiectensium : Utrecht.
Traiectum : Maastricht.
trans : (+ acc.) across.
transeo : to go over, pass over, cross over, go past.
transfero transtuli translatum : carry across, transfer, convey.
transmitto : to send, carry, or convey across.
tredecim : (indecl.) thirteen
Trellum : Tre Blon, castle in Hannonia.
tremo : to tremble, shake, shudder.
trepide : with trepidation, in confusion,
tres tria : three.
Treverim : Triers.
tribuo : to give out, divide, allot, assign, grant, give, allow.
tricesimus : thirtieth.
triduana : lasting three days.
triduanus : three days' duration, lasting three days.
triduum : a period of three days.
triginta : (inedl.) thirty.
tripudio : to leap, jump, dance (as in a religious procession).
tristis : sad, gloomy, downcast.
Trium Fontium : Trois-Fontaines, Marne, Vitry-le-Francais.
triumphus : triumphal procession, triumph.
trucido : to kill cruelly, slay, butcher, massacre, slaughter.
truculenter : (adv.) wildly, savagely, fiercely, cruelly, roughly
tu : you / Old Heidelberg, you are the finest.
tubineus : cone shaped
tui : your yours / I read YOUR letter that said, dear John.
tum : at that time, then / thereupon, in the next place.
tumultus : uprising, disturbance, riot, tumult.
tumulus : mound, grave, heap of earth.
tunc : then, at that time.
Tungris : Tongres.
turba : uproar, disturbance / mob, crowd, multitude.
turbatio : disturbance, confusion.
turbatus : angered, exasperated / disturbed, restless, troubled.
turbo, onis : hurricane. tornado, that which spins
turbo : to disturb, upset, throw into disorder, confuse, unsettle.
turpe : a disgrace.
turpis : foul, ugly, disgraceful, morally corrupt.
tutamen tutaminis : defense, protection
tutis : protected, safe, secure.
tyrannus : tyrant, absolute ruler.
U

uberrime : most luxuriantly, most abundantly, most fruitfully.
ubi : when, as soon as / wherein, whereby, whereas.
ulciscor : to take vengeance for, avenge / take vengeance on.
ullus : any.
ulterius : farther, more advanced, more remote.
ultio ultionis : avenging, punishment, revenge.
ultra : (+ acc.) : farther (than), more (than).
ultra : (+ acc.) beyond, on the far side of.
umbra : shade, shadow.
umerus humerus : shoulder, upper arm.
umquam : ever, at any time.
una : (adv.) in one, together.
unde : whence, from where / how, from whom.
undique : from all sides, everywhere, on all sides, altogether.
universe : generally, in general.
universi : all together.
universitas : the whole, total, universe, world / university.
universum : universe, the world.
universus : combined in one, whole, entire.
unus : one, only one, at the same time / single, alone.
urbanus : urban, urbane, pertaining to the city.
urbs urbis : city.
uredo : a plant blight.
us : foreign, acquired.
usitas : customary, usual.
usque : all the way, up (to), even (to).
ustilo : to burn (Herimannn, p. 308).
ustulo : to burn, scorch, singe.
usus : use, experience, skill, advantage.
ut : (+ subj.) (result) so that, that.
ut : (+ subj.) (purpose) in order that, to, that.
ut : (+ indic.) when, as.
ut : (+ subj.) (command) to, that.
uter utrius : either of the two
uterque : (gen. utriusque) both, each side, each party.
Uticensium : Evroul.
utilis : useful, advantageous, helpful.
utilitas : utility, usefulness.
utique : at any rate, certainly, at least.
utor uti usus : to use, employ, possess, enjoy / associate with, find.
utpote : seeing that, inasmuch as.
utpote : adv. namely, seeing that, inasmuch as, since.
utrimque : from both sides, on both sides.
utroque : to both sides, in both directions / at each point.
utrum : whether.
utrum ... an : whether ... or.
uxor : wife, spouse.
V

vaco : to be free from work, of a master, of property.
vacuus : empty, devoid of, free from.
vado : go, hasten, rush.
vae : (interj.), woe, alas, woe to.
valde : intensely, very much, extremely, greatly
valens : strong, powerful, healthy / able, worthwhile.
valeo valui valiturus : to be strong, have power, be well.
valetudo : health. good health, bad health.
validus : strong, mighty, powerful, exceeding.
vallum : palisade, earthen wall, entrenchment, rampart.
vapulus : flogged, beaten, knocked about.
varietas : variety, differences, diversity.
varius : various, varied.
vehemens : violent, furious, impetuous.
vehementer : violently, forcefully, strongly, exceedingly.
vel : or, (adv.) even, actually, for example.
velociter: quickly, rapidly, swiftly.
velox : quick, rapid, swift, fast.
velum : sail, covering, awning, curtain.
velut : adv. just as, like, even as.
Vendolius : Vendeuil.
venia : grace, indulgence, favor, pardon, forgiveness.
venio veni ventum : to come.
ventito : to come often, to visit frequently.
ventosus : full of wind, windy, breezy.
ventus : wind, rumor, favor.
ventus : wind.
venustas : loveliness, charm, attractiveness, beauty.
ver, veris : spring, the production of spring.
verbera : (in pl.) blows, a beating, thrashing.
verbum : word.
vere : truly, really, actually, rightly.
verecundia : feeling of shame, shame, bashfulness.
vereor : to respect, fear, be in dread of, to be afraid.
vergo : to bend, incline, verge, to draw to an end.
veritas : truth.
Vernandense : Vermandois.
vero : in truth, indeed, to be sure / however.
versus : line, verse.
verto : to turn, turn around, turn up / to put to flight, rout.
verto : to flee / interpret, understand / upset, overthrow.
verumtamen verumptamen : notwithstanding, nevertheless.
verus : true, real, proper, right.
vesco, vescor : to feed, to eat.
vesica : bladder, bladder-like tumor.
vesper : evening star, evening.
vespera : evening prayer, vespers.
vespillo : undertaker.
vester vestra vestrum : (pl.) your, yours.
vestigium : footstep, trace, mark.
vestio vestivi vestitum : to clothe.
vestis : clothing, garment, covering, blanket, carpet, tapestry.
vestrum vestri : your yours / you make sing about YOUR pretty gals.
vetus : old.
via : road, way, street.
vicinus : neighbor / (med.) resident.
vicissitudo: change, alteration.
victor : victor, winner.
victoria : victory.
victus : living, manner of life / nourishment, food.
videlicet : it is clear / (adv.) clearly, plainly, namely.
videlicet : (adv.) (ironically) of course, to be sure.
video vidi visum : to see, observe, understand, comprehend.
videor : to be seen, seem, appear.
viduata : deprived, widowed, bereft.
viduo : to deprive
vigilo : to be awake, watch, be vigilant / to keep vigil.
vigor : vigor, liveliness.
vilicus, villicus : pertaining to an estate, overseer, steward.
vilis : cheap, worth little.
vilitas : cheapness, low-price, worthlessness.
villa : country house, country estate / (med.) manor, village.
vinco vici victum : conquer, overcome, master, win, surpass, excel.
vinculum : bond, fetter, tie.
vindico (vindicatum) : claim, arrogate, assume, appropriate.
vindico : to liberate, deliver / punish, avenge / claim, assume.
vindico : to avenge, punish, liberate, deliver, protect.
vinitor : vine-dresser (a man who prunes grape vines).
vinum : wine.
vir : man, hero, man of courage.
virga : a green twig, rod, stick, wand, broom, streak, stripe.
virgo : maiden, virgin, young girl.
viridis : green.
viriliter : manfully.
virtus : manliness, excellence, character, worth, courage.
vis : (sing.) violence / a large number, quantity, a force / nature
vis vires : (pl.) force, power, strength, might, influence.
viscus : flesh, internal organs, bowels, entrails, heart.
vita : life, way of life.
vitiosus : vicious, full of vice, corrupt.
vitium : fault, vice, crime.
vito : to avoid, shun.

[ben]

vivo vixi victum : to live, be alive.
vix : scarcely, hardly, with difficulty, barely.
vobis : (abl.) you / who knows more than YOU? I do!
vobis : (dat.) you / I'm talkin' to YOU, yeah, talkin' 'bout Cindy.
vociferor : to cry aloud, shout.
voco in dubium: to call into question.
voco : to call, summon, name invite.
volaticus : winged, flying / inconstant, unreliable / flighty.
volatilis: winged, flying / swift, rapid / fleeting, transitory.
volens : willing, favorable.
volo (sibi velle) : to mean, signify, denote.
volo : to fly, speed, move rapidly.
volo : to wish, want, will, ordain, suppose, maintain that, be willing.
volubilis : (of speech) rapid, fluent, voluble.
volubilis : rolling, revolving, turning around / changeable, inconstant.
volubiliter : fluently.
voluntarius : voluntary.
voluntas : wish, will, inclination / good will.
voluntas : last will, testament / meaning, sense.
volup : agreeably, pleasantly.
voluptarius : pleasant, one devoted to pleasure.
voluptas : pleasure.
voluptuosus : delightful, pleasurable.
volutabrum : pigsty, slough.
volva vulva : womb (particularly that of a sow).
vomer : plowshare.
vomica : ulcer, sore, boil / plague, curse.
vomito : to vomit, vomit forth, throw up.
vorago : chasm, pit, abyss.
vorax : gluttonous, voracious.
voro : to eat greedily, swallow up, consume, gorge oneself.
vos : (acc.) you / I'll fight YOU all, then ... bring me giants!
vos : you (pl) / YOU can't catch me, i'm the gingerbread man.
votum : prayer, wish, desire / promise to God.
voveo vovi votum : to promise to God, vow, pray for.
vox vocis : voice, word / (med.) power, right, authority.
vulariter : in the common way, ordinary manner.
vulgaris : common, ordinary, usual.
vulgivagus : wandering, vagrant, itinerant.
vulgo : to spread, publish, impart, make accessible.
vulgus : the common people, mob, rabble.
vulnero : to wound, injure, hurt, harm.
vulnus : wound.
vulpes volpes : fox.
vulticulus : look, aspect, appearance.
vultuosus : grimacing, affected.
vultur voltur vulturius volturius : vulture.
vultus : the face.
vultus : expression of the face, countenance, look, aspect.
W

Werumensium : Wittewierum.

xiphias : sword-fish.

[ben]

ventus terrae solo lumine ignis terram

[ben]

mortem

[ben]

nox
night, nightfall, sleep, dark, darkness, obscurity
umbra
shade, cover, ghost, shadow, darkness, dark
somnus
sleep, drowse, slumbers, drowsiness, night
sidus
constellation, star, season, land, region, day
luna
moon, month, night
arctos
night, the great bear constellation, the little bear constellation, coolness of the north, north pole
arctus
night, the great bear constellation, the little bear constellation
tenebra

[ben]

vitam


vita
life, living, existence, livelihood, way of life, course of life
caput
chapter, head, chief, main point, sense, top
stamen
warp, thread, thread of the fates, destiny, fate, life
anima
soul, breath, spirit, air, breeze, wind
animula
little soul, piece of soul, life
vigor
vigour, vigor, liveliness, activity, vitality, freshness
spiritus
spirit, breath, blowing, blow, puff, wind
lumen
light, bright, glim, shine, star, lamp
alacritas
alacrity, cheerfulness, vivacity, liveliness, animation, alertness
medium
middle,

[ben]

List of Latin phrases (P)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This page lists English translations of notable Latin phrases, such as veni vidi vici and et cetera. Some of the phrases are themselves translations of Greek phrases, as Greek rhetoric and literature reached its peak centuries before that of ancient Rome.
This list covers the letter P. See List of Latin phrases for the main list.
Contents
A B C D E F G H I L M N O P Q R S T U V full
References
P [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
pace peace "With all due respect to", "with due deference to", "by leave of", or "no offense to". Used to politely acknowledge someone with whom the speaker or writer disagrees.
pace tua with your peace Thus, "with your permission".
Pacem in terris Peace on Earth
pacta sunt servanda agreements must be kept Also "contracts must be honoured". Indicates the binding power of treaties.
palma non sine pulvere no reward without effort Also "dare to try"; motto of numerous schools.
palmam qui meruit ferat let he who merited the palm bear it also "achievement should be rewarded". Attached to the arms of Lord Nelson in 1797. Later attached to the arms of Upper Canada College and its motto. Also motto of the University of Southern California, Nelson, NZ, and the Lincoln Academy of Illinois.
panem et circenses bread and circuses From Juvenal, Satire X, line 81. Originally described all that was needed for emperors to placate the Roman mob. Today used to describe any entertainment used to distract public attention from more important matters.
para bellum prepare for war From "Si vis pacem para bellum": if you want peace, prepare for war—if a country is ready for war, its enemies are less likely to attack. Usually used to support a policy of peace through strength (deterrence).
Parare Domino plebem perfectam To prepare for God a perfect people CLA motto.
parens patriae parent of the nation A public policy requiring courts to protect the best interests of any child involved in a lawsuit. See also Pater Patriae.
pari passu with equal step Thus, "moving together", "simultaneously", etc.
parva sub ingenti the small under the huge Implies that the weak are under the protection of the strong, rather than that they are inferior. Motto of Prince Edward Island.
parvis imbutus tentabis grandia tutus When you are steeped in little things, you shall safely attempt great things. Motto of Barnard Castle School, sometimes translated as "Once you have accomplished small things, you may attempt great ones safely".
passim here and there, everywhere Less literally, "throughout" or "frequently". Said of a word, fact or notion that occurs several times in a cited text. Also used in proofreading, where it refers to a change that is to be repeated everywhere needed.
pater familias father of the family Or "master of the house". The eldest male in a family, who held patria potestas ("paternal power"). In Roman law, a father had enormous power over his children, wife, and slaves, though these rights dwindled over time. Derived from the phrase pater familias, an Old Latin expression preserving the archaic -as ending for the genitive case.
Pater Omnipotens Father Almighty A more direct translation would be "omnipotent father".
Pater Patriae father of the nation Also rendered with the gender-neutral parens patriae ("parent of the nation").
pater peccavi father, I have sinned The traditional beginning of a Roman Catholic confession.
pauca sed bona few, but good Similar to "quality over quantity"; though there may be few of something, at least they are of good quality.
pauca sed matura few, but ripe Said to be one of Carl Gauss's favorite quotations. Used in The King and I by Rodgers and Hammerstein.
paulatim ergo certe slowly therefore surely Former motto of Latymer Upper School in London. The text latim er is concealed in the words.
pax aeterna eternal peace A common epitaph.
Pax Americana American Peace A euphemism for the United States of America and its sphere of influence. Adapted from Pax Romana.
Pax Britannica British Peace A euphemism for the British Empire. Adapted from Pax Romana.
Pax Christi Peace of Christ Used as a wish before the Holy Communion in the Catholic Mass, also the name of the peace movement Pax Christi.
pax Dei peace of God Used in the Peace and Truce of God movement in 10th-century France.
Pax Deorum Peace of the gods Like the vast majority of inhabitants of the ancient world, the Romans practiced pagan rituals, believing it important to achieve a state of Pax Deorum (The Peace of the gods) instead of Ira Deorum (The Wrath of the gods).
Pax Domine peace, lord lord or master; used as a form of address when speaking to clergy or educated professionals.
pax et bonum peace and the good Motto of St. Francis of Assisi and, consequently, of his monastery in Assisi; translated in Italian as pace e bene.
pax et justitia peace and justice Motto of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
pax et lux peace and light Motto of Tufts University and various schools. Also written as "Pax et Lvx".
Pax Europaea European peace A euphemism for Europe after World War II.
Pax Hispanica Spanish Peace A euphemism for the Spanish Empire. Specifically can mean the twenty-three years of supreme Spanish dominance in Europe (approximately 1598–1621). Adapted from Pax Romana.
pax in terra peace on earth Used to exemplify the desired state of peace on earth.
pax maternum, ergo pax familiarum peace of mothers, therefore peace of families If the mother is peaceful, then the family is peaceful. The inverse of the Southern United States saying, "If mama ain't happy, ain't nobody happy."
Pax Mongolica Mongolian Peace A period of peace and prosperity in Asia during the Mongol Empire.
pax optima rerum peace is the greatest good Silius Italicus, Punica (11,595); motto of the university of Kiel
Pax Romana Roman Peace A period of relative prosperity and lack of conflict in the early Roman Empire.
Pax Sinica Chinese Peace A period of peace in East Asia during times of strong Chinese hegemony.
pax tecum peace be with you (singular).
Pax tibi, Marce, evangelista meus. Hic requiescet corpus tuum. Peace to you, Mark, my Evangelist. Here will rest your body.
Legend states that when the evangelist went to the lagoon where Venice would later be founded, an angel came and said so.[1] The first part is depicted as the note in the book shown opened by the lion of St Mark's Basilica, Venice; registered trademark of the Assicurazioni Generali, Trieste.[2]
pax vobiscum peace [be] with you A common farewell. The "you" is plural ("you all"), so the phrase must be used when speaking to more than one person; pax tecum is the form used when speaking to only one person.
peccavi I have sinned Telegraph message and pun from Charles Napier, British general, upon completely subjugating the Indian province of Sindh in 1842. This is, arguably, the most terse military despatch ever sent. The story is apocryphal.
pecunia non olet money doesn't smell According to Suetonius' De vita Caesarum, when Emperor Vespasian was challenged by his son Titus for taxing the public lavatories, the emperor held up a coin before his son and asked whether it smelled or simply said non olet ("it doesn't smell"). From this, the phrase was expanded to pecunia non olet, or rarely aes non olet ("copper doesn't smell").
pecunia, si uti scis, ancilla est; si nescis, domina if you know how to use money, money is your slave; if you don't, money is your master Written on an old Latin tablet in downtown Verona (Italy).
pede poena claudo punishment comes limping That is, retribution comes slowly but surely. From Horace, Odes, 3, 2, 32.
pendent opera interrupta the work hangs interrupted From the Aeneid of Virgil, Book IV.
per By, through, by means of See specific phrases below.
per angusta ad augusta through difficulties to greatness Joining sentence of the conspirators in the drama Hernani by Victor Hugo (1830). The motto of numerous educational establishments.
per annum (pa.) per year Thus, "yearly"—occurring every year.
per ardua through adversity Motto of the British RAF Regiment.
per ardua ad alta through difficulty to heights Through hardship, great heights are reached. Motto of University of Birmingham, Methodist Ladies' College, Perth. Also the motto of Clan Hannay.
per ardua ad astra through adversity to the stars Motto of the air force of several nations (including the Royal Air Force of the United Kingdom) and of several schools. The phrase is used by Latin Poet Virgil in the Aeneid; also used in H. Rider Haggard's novel The People of the Mist.
per aspera ad astra through hardships to the stars From Seneca the Younger. Motto of NASA and the South African Air Force. A common variant, ad astra per aspera ("to the stars through hardships"), is the state motto of Kansas. Ad Astra ("To the Stars") is the title of a magazine published by the National Space Society. De Profundis Ad Astra ("From the depths to the stars.") is the motto of the Los Angeles Science Fantasy Society.
per capita by heads "Per head", i.e., "per person", a ratio by the number of persons. The singular is per caput.
per capsulam through the small box That is, "by letter"
per contra through the contrary Or "on the contrary" (cf. a contrario)
per crucem vincemus through the cross we shall conquer Motto of St John Fisher Catholic High School, Dewsbury
Per Crucem Crescens through the cross, growth Motto of Lambda Chi Alpha
per curiam through the senate Legal term meaning "by the court", as in a per curiam decision
per definitionem through the definition Thus, "by definition"
per diem (pd.) by day Thus, "per day". A specific amount of money an organization allows an individual to spend per day, typically for travel expenses.
per fidem intrepidus fearless through faith
per mare per terram by sea and by land Motto of the Royal Marines and (with small difference) of Clan Donald and the Compagnies Franches de la Marine.
per mensem (pm.) by month Thus, "per month", or "monthly".
per os (p.o.) through the mouth Medical shorthand for "by mouth".
per pedes by feet Used of a certain place can be traversed or reached by foot, or to indicate that one is travelling by foot as opposed to by a vehicle.
per procura (p.p.) or (per pro) through the agency Also rendered per procurationem. Used to indicate that a person is signing a document on behalf of another person. Correctly placed before the name of the person signing, but often placed before the name of the person on whose behalf the document is signed, sometimes through incorrect translation of the alternative abbreviation per pro. as "for and on behalf of".
per quod by reason of which In a UK legal context: "by reason of which" (as opposed to per se which requires no reasoning). In American jurisprudence often refers to a spouse's claim for loss of consortium.
per rectum (pr) through the rectum Medical shorthand. See also per os.
per risum multum poteris cognoscire stultum by excessive laughter one can recognise the fool
per se through itself Also "by itself" or "in itself". Without referring to anything else, intrinsically, taken without qualifications, etc. A common example is negligence per se. See also malum in se.
per stirpes through the roots Used in wills to indicate that each "branch" of the testator's family should inherit equally. Contrasted with per capita.
per unitatem vis through unity, strength Motto of Texas A&M University Corps of Cadets.
per veritatem vis through truth, strength Motto of Washington University in St. Louis.
per volar sunata[sic] born to soar Motto of St Aidan's Anglican Girls' School and St Margaret's Anglican Girls' School The phrase is not from Latin but from Dante's Purgatorio, Canto XII, 95, the Italian phrase "per volar sù nata".
periculum in mora danger in delay
perinde ac [si] cadaver [essent] [well-disciplined] like a corpse Phrase written by St. Ignatius of Loyola in his Constitutiones Societatis Iesu (1954)
perita manus mens exculta skilled hand, cultivated mind Motto of RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia.
perge sequar advance, I follow from Virgil's Aeneid IV 114; in Vergil's context: "proceed with your plan, I will do my part."
perpetuum mobile thing in perpetual motion A musical term. Also used to refer to hypothetical perpetual motion machines.
Perseverantia et Fide in Deo Perseverance and Faith in God Motto of Bombay Scottish School, Mahim, India
persona non grata person not pleasing An unwelcome, unwanted or undesirable person. In diplomatic contexts, a person rejected by the host government. The reverse, persona grata ("pleasing person"), is less common, and refers to a diplomat acceptable to the government of the country to which he is sent.
petitio principii request of the beginning Begging the question, a logical fallacy in which a proposition to be proved is implicitly or explicitly assumed in one of the premises.
placet it pleases expression of assent.
pluralis majestatis plural of majesty The first-person plural pronoun when used by an important personage to refer to himself or herself; also known as the "royal we".
plus minusve (p.m.v.) more or less Frequently found on Roman funerary inscriptions to denote that the age of a decedent is approximate.
plus ultra further beyond The national motto of Spain and a number of other institutions. Motto of the Colombian National Armada.
pia desideria pious longings Or "dutiful desires".
pia fraus pious fraud Or "dutiful deceit". Expression from Ovid. Used to describe deception which serves Church purposes.
pia mater pious mother Or "tender mother". Translated into Latin from Arabic. The delicate innermost of the three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord.
pinxit one painted Thus, "he painted this" or "she painted this". Formerly used on works of art, next to the artist's name.
piscem natare docem teach fish to swim Latin proverb, attributed by Erasmus to Greek origin (Ἰχθὺν νηχέσθαι διδάσκεις); corollary Chinese idiom (班門弄斧)
pollice compresso favor iudicabatur goodwill decided by compressed thumb Life was spared with a thumb tucked inside a closed fist, simulating a sheathed weapon. Conversely, a thumb up meant to unsheath your sword.
pollice verso with a turned thumb Used by Roman crowds to pass judgment on a defeated gladiator. The type of gesture used is uncertain. Also the name of a famous painting depicting gladiators by Jean-Léon Gérôme.
Polonia Restituta Rebirth of Poland
pons asinorum bridge of asses Any obstacle that stupid people find hard to cross. Originally used of Euclid's Fifth Proposition in geometry.
Pontifex Maximus Greatest High Priest Or "Supreme Pontiff". Originally an office in the Roman Republic, later a title held by Roman Emperors, and later a traditional epithet of the pope. The pontifices were the most important priestly college of the religion in ancient Rome; their name is usually thought to derive from pons facere ("to make a bridge"), which in turn is usually linked to their religious authority over the bridges of Rome, especially the Pons Sublicius.
posse comitatus to have the right to an armed retinue Thus, to be able to be made into part of a retinue or force. In common law, a sheriff's right to compel people to assist law enforcement in unusual situations.
post aut propter after it or by means of it Causality between two phenomena is not established (cf. post hoc, ergo propter hoc).
post cibum (p.c.) after food Medical shorthand for "after meals" (cf. ante cibum).
post coitum After sex After sexual intercourse.
post coitum omne animal triste est sive gallus et mulier After sexual intercourse every animal is sad, except the cock (rooster) and the woman Or: triste est omne animal post coitum, praeter mulierem gallumque. Attributed to Galen of Pergamum.[3]
post hoc ergo propter hoc after this, therefore because of this A logical fallacy where one assumes that one thing happening after another thing means that the first thing caused the second.
post festum after the feast Too late, or after the fact.
post meridiem (p.m.) after midday The period from noon to midnight (cf. ante meridiem).
post mortem (pm) after death Usually rendered postmortem. Not to be confused with post meridiem.
Post mortem auctoris (p.m.a.) after the author's death The phrase is used in legal terminology in the context of intellectual property rights, especially copyright, which commonly lasts until a certain number of years after the author's death.
post nubila phoebus after the clouds, the sun Motto of the University of Zulia, Venezuela.
post prandial after the time before midday Refers to the time after any meal. Usually rendered postprandial.
post scriptum (p.s.) after what has been written A postscript. Used to mark additions to a letter, after the signature. Can be extended to post post scriptum (p.p.s.), etc.
post tenebras lux, or post tenebras spero lucem after darkness, light Motto of the Protestant Reformation inscribed on the Reformation Wall in Geneva from Vulgata, Job 17:12. Former motto of Chile; motto of Robert College of Istanbul.
postera crescam laude we grow in the esteem of future generations Motto of the University of Melbourne.
potest solum unum There can be only one Highlander.
praemia virtutis honores honours are the rewards of virtue
praemonitus praemunitus forewarned is forearmed
praesis ut prosis ne ut imperes Lead in order to serve, not in order to rule. Motto of Lancaster Royal Grammar School.
praeter legem after the law Legal terminology, international law
Praga Caput Regni Prague, Head of the Kingdom Motto of Prague from Middle Ages
Praga Caput Rei publicae Prague, Head of the Republic Motto of Prague from 1991
Praga mater urbium Prague, Mother of Cities Motto of Prague from 1927
Praga totius Bohemiae domina Prague, the mistress of the whole of Bohemia Former motto of Prague
pretiumque et causa laboris The prize and the cause of our labour Motto of Burnley Football Club; from Ovid's Metamorphoses, 4.739 (Latin)/English): "The Tale of Perseus and Andromeda": resoluta catenis incedit virgo, pretiumque et causa laboris. ("freed of her chains the virgin approaches, cause and reward of the enterprise.")
prima facie at first sight Used to designate evidence in a trial which is suggestive, but not conclusive, of something (e.g., a person's guilt).
prima luce at dawn Literally "at first light".
primas sum: primatum nil a me alienum puto I am a primate; nothing about primates is outside of my bailiwick A sentence by the American anthropologist Earnest Hooton and the slogan of primatologists and lovers of the primates.
primum mobile first moving thing Or "first thing able to be moved". See primum movens.
primum movens prime mover Or "first moving one". A common theological term, such as in the cosmological argument, based on the assumption that God was the first entity to "move" or "cause" anything. Aristotle was one of the first philosophers to discuss the "uncaused cause", a hypothetical originator—and violator—of causality.
primum non nocere first, to not harm A medical precept. Often falsely attributed to the Hippocratic Oath, though its true source is probably a paraphrase from Hippocrates' Epidemics, where he wrote, "Declare the past, diagnose the present, foretell the future; practice these acts. As to diseases, make a habit of two things: to help, or at least to do no harm."
primus inter pares first among equals A title of the Roman Emperors (cf. princeps).
principia probant non probantur principles prove; they are not proved Fundamental principles require no proof; they are assumed a priori.
principiis obsta (et respice finem) resist the beginnings (and consider the end) Ovid, Remedia Amoris, 91
principium individuationis Individuation psychological term: the self-formation of the personality into a coherent whole
prior tempore potior iure earlier in time, stronger in law A legal principle that older laws take precedent over newer ones. Another name for this principle is lex posterior.
pro aris et focis For God and country The motto of the Royal Queensland Regiment, and many other regiments.
pro bono publico for the public good Often abbreviated pro bono. Work undertaken voluntarily at no expense, such as public services. Often used of a lawyer's work that is not charged for.
pro Brasilia fiant eximia let exceptional things be made for Brazil Motto of São Paulo state, Brazil.
pro Deo et Patria For God and Country One of the mottos of Lyceum of the Philippines University and many other institutions.
pro domo (sua) for (one’s own) home or house serving the interests of a given perspective or for the benefit of a given group.
pro Ecclesia, pro Texana For Church, For Texas Motto of Baylor University, a private Christian Baptist university in Waco, Texas.
pro fide et patria for faith and fatherland Motto of the originally Irish Muldoon family and of several schools, such as the Diocesan College (Bishops) in Cape Town, South Africa, and All Hallows High School in the Bronx, New York.
pro forma for form Or "as a matter of form". Prescribing a set form or procedure, or performed in a set manner.
pro gloria et patria for glory and fatherland Motto of Prussia
pro hac vice for this occasion Request of a state court to allow an out-of-state lawyer to represent a client.
pro multis for many It is part of the Rite of Consecration of the wine in Western Christianity tradition, as part of the Mass.
pro parte in part Frequently used in taxonomy to refer to part of a group.
pro patria for country Pro Patria Medal: for operational service (minimum 55 days) in defence of the Republic South Africa or in the prevention or suppression of terrorism; issued for the Border War (counter-insurgency operations in South West Africa 1966–89) and for campaigns in Angola (1975–76 and 1987–88). Motto of The Royal Canadian Regiment, Royal South Australia Regiment and Hurlstone Agricultural High School.
pro patria vigilans watchful for the country Motto of the United States Army Signal Corps.
pro per for self to defend oneself in court without counsel; abbreviation of propria persona. See also: pro se.
pro rata for the rate i.e., proportionately.
pro re nata (PRN, prn) for a thing that has been born Medical shorthand for "as the occasion arises" or "as needed". Also "concerning a matter having come into being". Used to describe a meeting of a special Presbytery or Assembly called to discuss something new, and which was previously unforeseen (literally: "concerning a matter having been born").
pro rege et lege for king and the law Found on the Leeds coat of arms.
pro se for oneself to defend oneself in court without counsel. Some jurisdictions prefer, "pro per".
pro scientia et patria for science and nation Motto of the National University of La Plata.
pro studio et labore for study and work
pro tanto for so much Denotes something that has only been partially fulfilled. A philosophical term indicating the acceptance of a theory or idea without fully accepting the explanation.
pro tempore for the time Equivalent to English phrase "for the time being". Denotes a temporary current situation.
probatio pennae testing of the pen A Medieval Latin term for breaking in a new pen.
probis pateo I am open for honest people Traditionally inscribed above a city gate or above the front entrance of a dwelling or place of learning.
prodesse quam conspici To Accomplish Rather Than To Be Conspicuous Motto of Miami University.
propria manu (p.m.) "by one's own hand".
propter vitam vivendi perdere causas to destroy the reasons for living for the sake of life That is, to squander life's purpose just in order to stay alive, and live a meaningless life. From Juvenal, Satyricon VIII, verses 83–84.
provehito in altum launch forward into the deep Motto of Memorial University of Newfoundland, as well as of the band 30 Seconds to Mars..
proxime accessit he came next The runner-up.
proximo mense (prox.) in the following month Formerly used in formal correspondence to refer to the next month. Used with ult. ("last month") and inst. ("this month").
pulchrum est paucorum hominum Beauty is for the few From Friedrich Nietzsche's 1895 book The Antichrist, translated by H. L. Mencken as "Few men are noble".
pulvis et umbra sumus we are dust and shadow From Horace, Carmina book IV, 7, 16.
punctum saliens leaping point Thus, the essential or most notable point. The salient point.
Notes [edit]

^ St Mark's Square
^ Trademark registration
^ Kinsey, Alfred Charles (1998) [1953]. Sexual Behavior in the Human Female. Indiana University Press. p. 638. ISBN 978-0-253-33411-4. (Kinsey Reports)
References [edit]

Adeleye, Gabriel G. (1999). World Dictionary of Foreign Expressions. Ed. Thomas J. Sienkewicz and James T. McDonough, Jr. Wauconda, IL: Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0865164223.
Hardon, John, Fr. Modern Catholic Dictionary.
Stone, Jon R. (1996). Latin for the Illiterati. London & New York: Routledge. ISBN 0415917751.
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[ben]

coelum

[ben]

T [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
tabula gratulatoria congratulatory tablet A list of congratulations.
tabula rasa scraped tablet Thus, "blank slate". Romans used to write on wax-covered wooden tablets, which were erased by scraping with the flat end of the stylus. John Locke used the term to describe the human mind at birth, before it had acquired any knowledge.
talis qualis just as such "Such as it is" or "as such".
taliter qualiter somewhat
talium Dei regnum for of such (little children) is the kingdom of God from St Mark's gospel 10:14 "talium (parvuli) est enim regnum Dei"; similar in St Matthew's gospel 19:14 "talium est enim regnum caelorum" ("for of such is the kingdom of heaven"); motto of The Cathedral School, Townsville.
tanquam ex ungue leonem we know the lion by his claw Said in 1697 by Johann Bernoulli about Isaac Newton's anonymously submitted solution to Bernoulli's challenge regarding the Brachistochrone curve.
tarde venientibus ossa To the late are left the bones
Te occidere possunt sed te edere non possunt nefas est They can kill you, but they cannot eat you, it is against the law. The motto of the fictional Enfield Tennis Academy in the David Foster Wallace novel Infinite Jest. Translated in the novel as "They can kill you, but the legalities of eating you are quite a bit dicier".
technica impendi nationi Technology impulses nations Motto of Technical University of Madrid
temet nosce know thyself A reference to the Greek γνῶθι σεαυτόν (gnothi seauton), inscribed on the pronaos of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, according to the Greek periegetic writer Pausanias (10.24.1). Rendered also with nosce te ipsum, temet nosce ("thine own self know") appears in The Matrix translated as "know thyself".
tempora heroica Heroic Age Literally "Heroic Times"; refers to the period between the mythological Titanomachy and the (relatively) historical Trojan War.
tempora mutantur et nos mutamur in illis the times are changing, and we change in them Variant of omnia mutantur et nos mutamur in illis, attributed to Lothair I. See entry for details.
tempus edax rerum time, devourer of all things Also "time, that devours all things", literally: "time, gluttonous of things", edax: adjectival form of the verb edo to eat. From Ovid, Metamorphoses, 15, 234-236.
tempus fugit time flees Commonly mistranslated as "time flies" due to the similar phrase tempus volat hora fugit ("time flies, the hour flees").
tempus rerum imperator time, commander of all things
tempus vernum spring time Name of song by popular Irish singer Enya
tempus volat hora fugit time flies, the hour flees Or "time speeds while the hour escapes".
teneo te Africa I hold you, Africa! Suetonius attributes this to Julius Caesar, from when Caesar was on the African coast.
tentanda via The way must be tried motto for York University
ter in die (t.i.d.) thrice in a day Medical shorthand for "three times a day".
terminat hora diem; terminat auctor opus. The hour finishes the day; the author finishes his work. Phrase concluding Christopher Marlowe's play Doctor Faustus.[51]
terminus ante quem limit before which In archaeology or history, refers to the date before which an artifact or feature must have been deposited. Used with terminus post quem ("limit after which"). Similarly, terminus ad quem ("limit to which") may also refer to the latest possible date of a non-punctual event (period, era, etc.), while terminus a quo ("limit from which") may refer to the earliest such date.
terra australis incognita unknown southern land First name used to refer to the Australian continent.
terra firma solid land Often used to refer to the ground.
terra incognita unknown land
terra nova new land Latin name of Newfoundland (island portion of Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, capital- St. John's), also root of French name of same, Terre-Neuve
terra nullius land of none That is, no man's land. A neutral or uninhabited area, or a land not under the sovereignty of any recognized political entity.
terras irradient let them illuminate the lands Or "let them give light to the world". An allusion to Isaiah 6.3: plena est omnis terra gloria eius ("the whole earth is full of his glory"). Sometimes mistranslated as "they will illuminate the lands" based on mistaking irradiare for a future indicative third-conjugation verb, whereas it is actually a present subjunctive first-conjugation verb. Motto of Amherst College; the college's original mission was to educate young men to serve God.
tertium non datur no third (possibility) is given A logical axiom that a claim is either true or false, with no third option.
tertium quid a third something 1. Something that cannot be classified into either of two groups considered exhaustive; an intermediate thing or factor. 2. A third person or thing of indeterminate character.
testis unus, testis nullus one witness is not a witness A law principle expressing that a single witness is not enough to corroborate a story.
Tibi cordi immaculato concredimus nos ac consecramus We consecrate to your immaculate heart and entrust to you (Mary) for safekeeping The inscription found on top of the central door of the Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, otherwise known as the Manila Cathedral in the Philippines
timeo Danaos et dona ferentes I fear Greeks even if they bring gifts Danaos being a term for the Greeks. In Virgil's Aeneid, II, 49, the phrase is said by Laocoön when warning his fellow Trojans against accepting the Trojan Horse. The full original quote is quidquid id est timeo Danaos et dona ferentis, quidquid id est meaning "whatever it is" and ferentis being an archaic form of ferentes. Commonly mistranslated "Beware of Greeks bearing gifts".
timidi mater non flet A coward's mother does not weep proverb; occasionally appears on loading screens in the game Rome: Total War.
timor mortis conturbat me the fear of death confounds me Refrain originating in the response to the seventh lesson in the Office of the Dead. In the Middle Ages, this service was read each day by clerics. As a refrain, it appears also in other poems and can frequently be found inscribed on tombs.
totus tuus totally yours Offering one's life in total commitment to another. The motto was adopted by Pope John Paul II to signify his love and servitude to Mary the Mother of Jesus.
tres faciunt collegium three makes company It takes three to have a valid group; three is the minimum number of members for an organization or a corporation.
translatio imperii transfer of rule Used to express the belief in the transfer of imperial authority from the Roman Empire of antiquity to the Medieval Holy Roman Empire.
treuga Dei Truce of God A decree by the medieval Church that all feuds should be cancelled during the Sabbath—effectively from Wednesday or Thursday night until Monday. See also Peace and Truce of God.
tu autem Domine miserere nobis But Thou, O Lord, have mercy upon us Phrase said at the end of biblical readings in the liturgy of the medieval church. Also used in brief, "tu autem", as a memento mori epitaph.
tu fui ego eris I was you; you will be me Thus, "what you are, I was; what I am, you will be.". A memento mori gravestone inscription to remind the reader that death is unavoidable (cf. sum quod eris).
tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito you should not give in to evils, but proceed ever more boldly against them From Virgil, Aeneid, 6, 95.
tu quoque you too The logical fallacy of attempting to defend one's position merely by pointing out the same weakness in one's opponent.
tuebor I will protect Found on the Great Seal on the flag of the state of Michigan.
tunica propior est pallio A tunic is close to the body than a cape
turris fortis mihi Deus God is my strong tower Motto of the Kelly Clan
U [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
uberrima fides most abundant faith Or "utmost good faith" (cf. bona fide). A legal maxim of insurance contracts requiring all parties to deal in good faith.
ubertas et fidelitas fertility and faithfulness Motto of Tasmania.
ubi amor, ibi dolor where [there is] love, there [is] pain
ubi bene ibi patria where [it is] well, there [is] the fatherland Or "Home is where it's good"; see also ubi panis ibi patria.
ubi caritas et amor Deus ibi est where there is charity and love, God is there
ubi dubium ibi libertas where [there is] doubt, there [is] freedom Anonymous proverb.
ubi jus ibi remedium Where [there is] a right, there [is] a remedy
ubi mel ibi apes where [there is] honey, there [are] bees similar to " you catch more bees with honey than with vinegar" .. treat people nicely and they will treat you nice back
ubi libertas ibi patria where [there is] liberty, there [is] the fatherland Or "where there is liberty, there is my country". Patriotic motto.
ubi nihil vales, ibi nihil velis where you are worth nothing, there you will wish for nothing From the writings of the Flemish philosopher Arnold Geulincx; also quoted by Samuel Beckett in his first published novel, Murphy.
ubi non accusator ibi non iudex where [there is] no accuser, there [is] no judge Thus, there can be no judgment or case if no one charges a defendant with a crime. The phrase is sometimes parodied as "where there are no police, there is no speed limit".
ubi panis ibi patria where there is bread, there is my country
ubi pus, ibi evacua where there is pus, there evacuate it
ubi re vera when, in a true thing Or "whereas, in reality..." Also rendered ubi revera ("when, in fact" or "when, actually").
ubi societas ibi ius if there's a society, law will be there By Cicero.
ubi solitudinem faciunt pacem appellant They make a desert and call it peace from a speech by Calgacus reported/constructed by Tacitus, Agricola, ch. 30.
ubi sunt where are they? Nostalgic theme of poems yearning for days gone by. From the line ubi sunt qui ante nos fuerunt ("Where are they, those who have gone before us?").
ubique, quo fas et gloria ducunt everywhere, where right and glory leads Motto of the Royal Regiment of Artillery and most other Artillery corps within the armies of the British Commonwealth (for example, the Royal Regiment of Australian Artillery and Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery).
ultima ratio last method
the final argument
the last resort (as force)
The last resort. Short form for the metaphor "The Last Resort of Kings and Common Men" referring to the act of declaring war; used in the names the French sniper rifle PGM Ultima Ratio and the fictional Reason weapon system. Louis XIV of France had Ultima Ratio Regum ("last argument of kings") cast on the cannons of his armies; motto of the 1st Battalion 11th Marines; motto of the Artilleriregementet.
ultimo mense (ult.) in the last month Formerly used in formal correspondence to refer to the previous month. Used with inst. ("this month") and prox. ("next month").
ultra vires beyond powers "Without authority". Used to describe an action done without proper authority, or acting without the rules. The term will most often be used in connection with appeals and petitions.
ululas Athenas (to send) owls to Athens From Gerhard Gerhards' (1466–1536) [better known as Erasmus] collection of annotated Adagia (1508). Latin translation of a classical Greek proverb. Generally means putting large effort in a necessarily fruitless enterprise. Compare "selling coal to Newcastle".
una hirundo non facit ver one swallow does not make summer A single example of something positive does not necessarily mean that all subsequent similar instances will have the same outcome.
una salus victis nullam sperare salutem the only safety for the conquered is to hope for no safety Less literally, "the only safe bet for the vanquished is to expect no safety". Preceded by moriamur et in media arma ruamus ("let us die even as we rush into the midst of battle") in Virgil's Aeneid, book 2, lines 353–354. Used in Tom Clancy's novel Without Remorse, where character John Clark translates it as "the one hope of the doomed is not to hope for safety".
unitas per servitiam unity through service Motto for the St. Xavier's Institution Board of Librarians.
uno flatu in one breath Used in criticism of inconsistent pleadings, i.e. "one cannot argue uno flatu both that the company does not exist and that it is also responsible for the wrong."
unus multorum one of many An average person.
Unus papa Romae, unus portus Anconae, una turris Cremonae, una ceres Raconae One pope in Rome, one port in Ancona, one tower in Cremona, one beer in Rakovník Motto of the Czech Brewery in Rakovník.[52]
Urbi et Orbi to the city and the circle [of the lands] Meaning "To Rome and the World". A standard opening of Roman proclamations. Also a traditional blessing by the pope.
urbs in horto city in a garden Motto of the City of Chicago.
usque ad finem to the very end Often used in reference to battle, implying a willingness to keep fighting until you die.
usus est magister optimus practice is the best teacher. In other words, practice makes perfect. Also sometimes translated "use makes master."
ut biberent quoniam esse nollent so that they might drink, since they refused to eat Also rendered with quando ("when") in place of quoniam. From a book by Suetonius (Vit. Tib., 2.2) and Cicero (De Natura Deorum, 2.3). The phrase was said by Roman admiral Publius Claudius Pulcher right before the battle of Drepana, as he threw overboard the sacred chickens which had refused to eat the grain offered them—an unwelcome omen of bad luck. Thus, the sense is, "if they do not perform as expected, they must suffer the consequences".
ut cognoscant te so that they may know You. Motto of Boston College High School.
ut desint vires, tamen est laudanda voluntas though the power be lacking, the will is to be praised all the same From Ovid, Epistulae ex Ponto (III, 4, 79).
ut dicitur as has been said; as above
ut incepit fidelis sic permanet as she began loyal, so she persists Thus, the state remains as loyal as ever. Motto of Ontario.
ut infra as below
ut mare quod ut ventus to sea and into wind Motto of USNS Washington Chambers
ut prosim that I may serve Motto of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
ut proverbium loquitur vetus... you know what they say... Lit: As the old proverb says...
ut res magis valeat quam pereat that the matter may have effect rather than fail[53]
ut retro as backwards Or "as on the back side"; thus, "as on the previous page" (cf. ut supra).
ut Roma cadit, sic omnis terra as Rome falls, so [falls] the whole world
ut sit finis litium so there might be an end of litigation A traditional brocard. The full form is Interest reipublicae ut sit finis litium, "it is in the government's interest that there be an end to litigation." Often quoted in the context of statutes of limitation.
ut supra as above
ut tensio sic vis as the extension, so the force Robert Hooke's expression of his discovery of his law of linear elasticity. Also: Motto of École Polytechnique de Montréal. Motto of the British Watch and Clockmaker's Guild.
utilis in ministerium usefulness in service Comes from 2 Timothy 4:11. Motto of Camberwell Girls Grammar School.
utraque unum both into one Also translated as "that the two may be one." Motto found in 18th century Spanish dollar coins. Motto of Georgetown University.
utrinque paratus ready for anything Motto of The British Parachute Regiment
V [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
vade ad formicam go to the ant A Biblical phrase from the Book of Proverbs. The full quotation translates as "go to the ant, O sluggard, and consider her ways, and learn wisdom".
vade mecum go with me A vade-mecum or vademecum is an item one carries around, especially a handbook.
vade retro Satana Go back, Satan! An exhortation for Satan to begone, often used in response to temptation. From a popular Medieval Catholic exorcism formula, based on a rebuke by Jesus to Peter in the Vulgate, Mark 8:33: vade retro me Satana ("step back from me, Satan!"). The older phrase vade retro ("go back!") can be found in Terence's Formio I, 4, 203. The phrase has been mocked by a Portuguese slogan, "Vai de metro, Satanás" ("Go by the subway, Satan").
vae victis Woe to the conquered! Attributed by Livy to Brennus, the chief of the Gauls, while he demanded more gold from the citizens of the recently sacked Rome in 390 BC.
vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas vanity of vanities; everything [is] vanity More simply, "vanity, vanity, everything vanity". From the Vulgate, Ecclesiastes, 1:2.
vaticinium ex eventu prophecy from the event A prophecy made to look as though it was written before the events it describes, while in fact being written afterwards.
victoria concordia crescit victory through harmony Motto of Arsenal F.C.
vel non or not Summary of alternatives, i.e. "this action turns upon whether the claimant was the deceased's grandson vel non."
velle est posse "To be willing is to be able." (non-literal: "Where there's a will, there's a way.") Motto of Hillfield, one of the founding schools of Hillfield Strathallan College.
velocius quam asparagi coquantur more rapidly than asparagus will be cooked Or simply "faster than cooking asparagus". Ascribed to Augustus by Suetonius (The Lives of the Twelve Caesars, Book 2 (Augustus), para. 87). Can refer to anything done very quickly. A very common variant is celerius quam asparagi cocuntur ("more swiftly than asparagus is cooked").
velut arbor aevo As a tree with the passage of time Motto of the University of Toronto
veni, vidi, vici I came, I saw, I conquered The message supposedly sent by Julius Caesar to the Roman Senate to describe his battle against King Pharnaces II near Zela in 47 BC.
venisti remanebis donec denuo completus sis From whence you came, you shall remain, until you are complete again The phrase that the wizard said to the Devil in the film Tenacious D in The Pick of Destiny which trapped him in hell as long as he was missing his tooth.
venturis ventis To the coming winds Motto of Brasília, capital of Brazil.
vera causa true cause
verb. sap.,
verbum sap. A word to the wise is sufficient The hearer can fill in the rest; enough said. Short for Verbum sapienti sat[is] est.
verba docent exempla trahunt Words instruct, illustrations lead On the relevance to use illustrations for example when preaching.
verba ita sunt intelligenda ut res magis valeat quam pereat words are to be understood such that the subject matter may be more effective than wasted When explaining a given subject, it is important to clarify rather than confuse.
verba vana aut risui non loqui Not to speak words in vain or to start laughter Rule number 56 of the Rule of Saint Benedict.
verba volant, scripta manent words fly away, writings remain From a famous speech of Caio Titus at the Roman senate.
verbatim word for word Refers to perfect transcription or quotation.
verbatim et litteratim word for word and letter by letter
verbi divini minister servant of the divine Word A priest (cf. Verbum Dei).
verbi gratia
(v.gr. or VG) for example literally: "for the sake of a word"
Verbum Dei Word of God See religious text.
verbum Domini manet in aeternum (VDMA) The Word of the Lord Endures Forever Motto of the Lutheran Reformation.
veritas truth Motto of many educational institutions.
veritas, bonitas, pulchritudo, sanctitas Truth, Goodness, Beauty, and Holiness Current motto of Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan.
veritas Christo et ecclesiae Truth for Christ and Church The de jure motto of Harvard University, dating to its foundation; it is often shortened to Veritas to dispose of its original religious meaning.
veritas curat The Truth Cures. Motto of Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research.
Veritas Dei vincit The God's Truth prevails. Motto of the Hussites.
veritas, fides, sapientia Truth, Faith, Wisdom Current motto of Dowling Catholic High School.
veritas diaboli manet in aeternum Devil's truth remain eternally
veritas et fortitudo Truth and Courage One of the mottoes of Lyceum of the Philippines University.
veritas et virtus Truth and virtue Motto of University of Pittsburgh, Methodist University.
veritas in caritate Truth Through Caring Motto of Bishop Wordsworth's School and St Munchin's College.
Veritas Iustitia Libertas Truth Justice Liberty Motto of Free University of Berlin.
Veritas Liberabit Vos Truth Shall Set You Free Motto of Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, The first Catholic Philippine Jesuit University located in Cagayan de Oro City, Mindanao, Philippines.
veritas lux mea Truth is my light. A common non-literal translation is "Truth enlightens me." Motto of Seoul National University.
veritas vitæ magistra Truth is Life's Teacher. Another plaussible translation is 'Truth is Life's Mistress'. Unofficial Motto of University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, appearing in its Tower.
veritas odit moras Truth hates delay Seneca the Younger.
veritas omnia vincit Truth conquers all Motto of Wilfrid Laurier University, Ontario. See also national motto Satyameva Jayate of India and motto of Triangle Fraternity.
veritas unitas caritas Truth, Unity, Love Motto of Villanova University.
veritas vincit truth conquers Motto of the Scottish clan Keith. Used to be motto of Protektorate of Bohemia and Moravia and in Czech translation motto of Czechoslovakia and Czech Republic
Veritas. Virtus. Libertas. Truth. Courage. Freedom. Motto of the University of Szeged in Hungary.
veritas vos liberabit the truth will set you free Motto of Johns Hopkins University.
veritate duce progredi Advancing (with) Truth Leading. Motto of University of Arkansas.
[in] veritate et caritate with truth and love Motto of Catholic Junior College, Singapore; of St Xavier's School, Hazaribagh, India
veritate et virtute with truth and courage Motto of Sydney Boys High School. Also "virtute et veritate", motto of Walford Anglican School for Girls.
veritatem dilexi I delight in (or, I have chosen) the truth. Motto of Bryn Mawr College
veritatem fratribus testari to bear witness to the truth in brotherhood Motto of Xaverian Brothers High School
vero nihil verius nothing truer than truth Motto of Mentone Girls' Grammar School
vero possumus Yes, we can A variation of the campaign slogan used by then-Senator Barack Obama on a Great Seal variation during the 2008 US presidential campaign.[54][dead link]
versus (vs) or (v.) towards Literally "in the direction". Mistakenly used in English as "against" (probably from "adversus"), particularly to denote two opposing parties, such as in a legal dispute or a sports match.
veto I forbid The right to unilaterally stop a certain piece of legislation. Derived from ancient Roman voting practices.
vexilla regis prodeunt inferni Forth go the banners of the king of hell Used by Dante in Canto XXXIV of the Inferno, the phrase is an allusion to and play upon the Latin Easter hymn Vexilla Regis, and is itself repeatedly referenced in the works of Walter M. Miller, Jr.
vi coactus under constraint used to indicate an agreement signed under duress
vi et animo With heart and soul Or "Strength with Courage". Motto of Ascham School and the McCulloch clan crest.
vi veri universum vivus vici by the power of truth, I, while living, have conquered the universe Magickal motto of Aleister Crowley.
via by the road "by way of" or "by means of"; e.g. "I'll contact you via e-mail."
via media middle road Can refer to the radical center political stance.
via, veritas, vita The Way, the Truth and the Life From the words of Jesus in the Gospel of John 14:6; motto of many institutions
vice in place of "one who acts in place of another"; can be used as a separate word, or as a hyphenated prefix: "Vice President" and "Vice-Chancellor".
vice versa
versa vice with position turned
For other uses, see vice versa Thus, "the other way around", "conversely", etc. Historically, vice is properly pronounced as two syllables, but the one-syllable pronunciation is extremely common. Classical Latin pronunciation dictates that the letter C can only make a hard sound, like K, thus vee-keh vehr-sah. (Note that in classical times, the V was pronounced like a W.)[55]
victoria aut mors Victory or death! similar to aut vincere aut mori.
victoria concordia crescit Victory comes from harmony The official club motto of Arsenal F.C.
victrix causa diis placuit sed victa Catoni the victorious cause pleased the gods, but the conquered cause pleased Cato Lucan, Pharsalia 1, 128. Dedication on the south side of the Confederate Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery.
vide "see" or "refer to"
vide infra (v.i.) "see below"
vide supra (v.s.) "see above" Or "see earlier in this writing". Also shortened to just supra.
videlicet (viz.) "namely", "that is to say", "as follows" Contraction of videre licet: "permitted to see".
video et taceo I see and keep silent The motto of Queen Elizabeth I of England.
video meliora proboque deteriora sequor I see and approve of the better, but I follow the worse From the Metamorphoses VII. 20–21 of Ovid. A summary of the experience of akrasia.
video sed non credo I see it, but I don't believe it Caspar Hofmann after being shown proof of the circulatory system by William Harvey.
videre licet "it is permitted to see", "one may see"
vim promovet insitam promotes one's innate power Motto of University of Bristol taken from Horace Ode 4.4.
vince malum bono Overcome Evil with Good Partial quotation of Romans 12:21 also used as a motto for Old Swinford Hospital and Bishop Cotton School, Shimla.
vincere scis Hannibal victoria uti nescis you know [how] to win, Hannibal; you do not know [how] to use victory According to Livy, a cavalry colonel told Hannibal this after the victory at Cannae in 216 BC, meaning that Hannibal should have marched on Rome directly.
vincit omnia veritas Truth conquers all Motto of Augusta State University in Augusta, GA
vincit qui patitur he conquers who endures First attributed to Roman scholar and satirst Persius; frequently used as motto.
vincit qui se vincit he/she conquers who conquers himself/herself Motto of many educational institutions. Also "bis vincit qui se vincit" ("he/she who prevails over himself/herself is twice victorious"). Also the motto of The Beast in Disney's Beauty and the Beast as seen on the castle's stained glass window near the beginning of the film.
vinculum juris "the chain of the law", i.e. legally binding "A civil obligation is one which has a binding operation in law, vinculum juris." Bouvier's Law Dictionary, 1856, "Obligation."
vinum et musica laetificant cor Wine and music gladden the heart Asterix and Caesar's Gift; a variation on "vinum bonum laetificat cor hominis".
vir prudens non contra ventum mingit " wise man does not urinate [up] against the wind"
virile agitur "The manly thing is being done" As used in the motto of Knox Grammar School
viriliter agite "Act in a manly way" As used in the motto of St Muredach's College
viriliter agite estote fortes "Quit ye like men, be strong" As used in the motto of Culford School
virtus et scientia virtue and knowledge Frequently used as a motto, preeminently as that of La Salle University of Philadelphia, PA.
virtus in media stat Virtue stands in the middle. Idiomatically: Good practice lies in the middle path. There is disagreement as to whether "media" or "medio" is correct.
virtus sola nobilitas virtue alone [is] noble Christian Brothers College, St Kilda's school motto
virtus tentamine gaudet Strength rejoices in the challenge. The motto of Hillsdale College.
virtus unita fortior virtue united [is] stronger State motto of Andorra.
virtute et armis by virtue and arms Or "by manhood and weapons". State motto of Mississippi. Possibly derived from the motto of Lord Gray De Wilton, virtute non armis fido ("I trust in virtue, not in arms"). Also virtute et labore, as by manhood and by work motto of Pretoria Boys High School
vis legis power of the law
visio dei Vision of a god
vita ante acta a life done before Thus, a previous life, generally due to reincarnation.
vita, dulcedo, spes [Mary our] life, sweetness, hope Motto of University of Notre Dame.
vita incerta, mors certissima Life is uncertain, death is most certain In simpler English, "The most certain thing in life is death".
vita mutatur, non tollitur Life is changed, not taken away. The phrase is in the preface of the first Catholic rite of the Mass for the Dead.
vita patris During the life of the father Hence the term "decessit vita patris" (d.v.p) or "died v.p." seen in genealogy works such as Burke's Peerage.
vita summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam the shortness of life prevents us from entertaining far-off hopes A wistful refrain, sometimes used ironically. From the first line of Horace's Ode I; later used as the title of a short poem by Ernest Dowson.
vitai lampada tradunt They hand on the torch of life From Lucretius' poem De rerum natura II.77–79; the normal spelling "vitae" (two syllables) had to be changed to "vitaï" (three syllables) to fit the requirements of the poem's dactylic hexameters. Motto of the Sydney Church of England Grammar School and others.
viva voce living voice An oral, as opposed to a written, examination of a candidate.
vivat crescat floreat may it live, grow, and flourish!
vivat rex May the King live! Usually translated "Long live the King!" Also Vivat Regina ("Long live the Queen!").
vive memor leti live remembering death Persius. Compare with "memento mori"
vive ut vivas live so that you may live The phrase suggests that one should live life to the fullest and without fear of possible consequences.
vivere est cogitare To live is to think Cicero. Compare with "cogito ergo sum".
vivere est vincere To live is to conquer Captain John Smith's personal Motto.
vivere militare est To live is to fight Seneca (Epist. 96,5). Compare with "militia est vita hominis" Book of Job 7:1
vocatus atque non vocatus Deus aderit called and not called, God will be present or "called and even not called, God approaches"; attributed to the Oracle at Delphi. Used by Carl Jung as a personal motto adorning his home and grave.
volenti non fit injuria to one willing, no harm is done or "to him who consents, no harm is done"; used in tort law to delineate the principle that one cannot be held liable for injuries inflicted on an individual who has given his consent to the action that gave rise to the injury.
votum separatum separate vow An independent, minority voice.
vox clamantis in deserto the voice of one shouting in the desert or traditionally, "the voice of one crying in the wilderness"; from Isaiah 40, and quoted by John the Baptist in the Gospels. Usually the "voice" is assumed to be shouting in vain, unheeded by the surrounding wilderness. However, in this phrase's use as the motto of Dartmouth College, it is taken to denote an isolated beacon of education and culture in the "wilderness" of New Hampshire.
vox nihili voice of nothing Applied to a useless or ambiguous phrase or statement.
vox populi voice of the people Short non-prearranged interview with an ordinary person (e.g. on the street); sometimes shortened to "vox pop".

[ben]

P [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
pace peace "With all due respect to", "with due deference to", "by leave of", or "no offense to". Used to politely acknowledge someone with whom the speaker or writer disagrees.
pace tua with your peace Thus, "with your permission".
Pacem in terris Peace on Earth
pacta sunt servanda agreements must be kept Also "contracts must be honoured". Indicates the binding power of treaties.
palma non sine pulvere no reward without effort Also "dare to try"; motto of numerous schools.
palmam qui meruit ferat let he who merited the palm bear it also "achievement should be rewarded". Attached to the arms of Lord Nelson in 1797. Later attached to the arms of Upper Canada College and its motto. Also motto of the University of Southern California, Nelson, NZ, and the Lincoln Academy of Illinois.
panem et circenses bread and circuses From Juvenal, Satire X, line 81. Originally described all that was needed for emperors to placate the Roman mob. Today used to describe any entertainment used to distract public attention from more important matters.
para bellum prepare for war From "Si vis pacem para bellum": if you want peace, prepare for war—if a country is ready for war, its enemies are less likely to attack. Usually used to support a policy of peace through strength (deterrence).
Parare Domino plebem perfectam To prepare for God a perfect people CLA motto.
parens patriae parent of the nation A public policy requiring courts to protect the best interests of any child involved in a lawsuit. See also Pater Patriae.
pari passu with equal step Thus, "moving together", "simultaneously", etc.
parva sub ingenti the small under the huge Implies that the weak are under the protection of the strong, rather than that they are inferior. Motto of Prince Edward Island.
parvis imbutus tentabis grandia tutus When you are steeped in little things, you shall safely attempt great things. Motto of Barnard Castle School, sometimes translated as "Once you have accomplished small things, you may attempt great ones safely".
passim here and there, everywhere Less literally, "throughout" or "frequently". Said of a word, fact or notion that occurs several times in a cited text. Also used in proofreading, where it refers to a change that is to be repeated everywhere needed.
pater familias father of the family Or "master of the house". The eldest male in a family, who held patria potestas ("paternal power"). In Roman law, a father had enormous power over his children, wife, and slaves, though these rights dwindled over time. Derived from the phrase pater familias, an Old Latin expression preserving the archaic -as ending for the genitive case.
Pater Omnipotens Father Almighty A more direct translation would be "omnipotent father".
Pater Patriae father of the nation Also rendered with the gender-neutral parens patriae ("parent of the nation").
pater peccavi father, I have sinned The traditional beginning of a Roman Catholic confession.
pauca sed bona few, but good Similar to "quality over quantity"; though there may be few of something, at least they are of good quality.
pauca sed matura few, but ripe Said to be one of Carl Gauss's favorite quotations. Used in The King and I by Rodgers and Hammerstein.
paulatim ergo certe slowly therefore surely Former motto of Latymer Upper School in London. The text latim er is concealed in the words.
pax aeterna eternal peace A common epitaph.
Pax Americana American Peace A euphemism for the United States of America and its sphere of influence. Adapted from Pax Romana.
Pax Britannica British Peace A euphemism for the British Empire. Adapted from Pax Romana.
Pax Christi Peace of Christ Used as a wish before the Holy Communion in the Catholic Mass, also the name of the peace movement Pax Christi.
pax Dei peace of God Used in the Peace and Truce of God movement in 10th-century France.
Pax Deorum Peace of the gods Like the vast majority of inhabitants of the ancient world, the Romans practiced pagan rituals, believing it important to achieve a state of Pax Deorum (The Peace of the gods) instead of Ira Deorum (The Wrath of the gods).
Pax Domine peace, lord lord or master; used as a form of address when speaking to clergy or educated professionals.
pax et bonum peace and the good Motto of St. Francis of Assisi and, consequently, of his monastery in Assisi; translated in Italian as pace e bene.
pax et justitia peace and justice Motto of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
pax et lux peace and light Motto of Tufts University and various schools. Also written as "Pax et Lvx".
Pax Europaea European peace A euphemism for Europe after World War II.
Pax Hispanica Spanish Peace A euphemism for the Spanish Empire. Specifically can mean the twenty-three years of supreme Spanish dominance in Europe (approximately 1598–1621). Adapted from Pax Romana.
pax in terra peace on earth Used to exemplify the desired state of peace on earth.
pax maternum, ergo pax familiarum peace of mothers, therefore peace of families If the mother is peaceful, then the family is peaceful. The inverse of the Southern United States saying, "If mama ain't happy, ain't nobody happy."
Pax Mongolica Mongolian Peace A period of peace and prosperity in Asia during the Mongol Empire.
pax optima rerum peace is the greatest good Silius Italicus, Punica (11,595); motto of the university of Kiel
Pax Romana Roman Peace A period of relative prosperity and lack of conflict in the early Roman Empire.
Pax Sinica Chinese Peace A period of peace in East Asia during times of strong Chinese hegemony.
pax tecum peace be with you (singular).
Pax tibi, Marce, evangelista meus. Hic requiescet corpus tuum. Peace to you, Mark, my Evangelist. Here will rest your body.
Legend states that when the evangelist went to the lagoon where Venice would later be founded, an angel came and said so.[39] The first part is depicted as the note in the book shown opened by the lion of St Mark's Basilica, Venice; registered trademark of the Assicurazioni Generali, Trieste.[40]
pax vobiscum peace [be] with you A common farewell. The "you" is plural ("you all"), so the phrase must be used when speaking to more than one person; pax tecum is the form used when speaking to only one person.
peccavi I have sinned Telegraph message and pun from Charles Napier, British general, upon completely subjugating the Indian province of Sindh in 1842. This is, arguably, the most terse military despatch ever sent. The story is apocryphal.
pecunia non olet money doesn't smell According to Suetonius' De vita Caesarum, when Emperor Vespasian was challenged by his son Titus for taxing the public lavatories, the emperor held up a coin before his son and asked whether it smelled or simply said non olet ("it doesn't smell"). From this, the phrase was expanded to pecunia non olet, or rarely aes non olet ("copper doesn't smell").
pecunia, si uti scis, ancilla est; si nescis, domina if you know how to use money, money is your slave; if you don't, money is your master Written on an old Latin tablet in downtown Verona (Italy).
pede poena claudo punishment comes limping That is, retribution comes slowly but surely. From Horace, Odes, 3, 2, 32.
pendent opera interrupta the work hangs interrupted From the Aeneid of Virgil, Book IV.
per By, through, by means of See specific phrases below.
per angusta ad augusta through difficulties to greatness Joining sentence of the conspirators in the drama Hernani by Victor Hugo (1830). The motto of numerous educational establishments.
per annum (pa.) per year Thus, "yearly"—occurring every year.
per ardua through adversity Motto of the British RAF Regiment.
per ardua ad alta through difficulty to heights Through hardship, great heights are reached. Motto of University of Birmingham, Methodist Ladies' College, Perth. Also the motto of Clan Hannay.
per ardua ad astra through adversity to the stars Motto of the air force of several nations (including the Royal Air Force of the United Kingdom) and of several schools. The phrase is used by Latin Poet Virgil in the Aeneid; also used in H. Rider Haggard's novel The People of the Mist.
per aspera ad astra through hardships to the stars From Seneca the Younger. Motto of NASA and the South African Air Force. A common variant, ad astra per aspera ("to the stars through hardships"), is the state motto of Kansas. Ad Astra ("To the Stars") is the title of a magazine published by the National Space Society. De Profundis Ad Astra ("From the depths to the stars.") is the motto of the Los Angeles Science Fantasy Society.
per capita by heads "Per head", i.e., "per person", a ratio by the number of persons. The singular is per caput.
per capsulam through the small box That is, "by letter"
per contra through the contrary Or "on the contrary" (cf. a contrario)
per crucem vincemus through the cross we shall conquer Motto of St John Fisher Catholic High School, Dewsbury
Per Crucem Crescens through the cross, growth Motto of Lambda Chi Alpha
per curiam through the senate Legal term meaning "by the court", as in a per curiam decision
per definitionem through the definition Thus, "by definition"
per diem (pd.) by day Thus, "per day". A specific amount of money an organization allows an individual to spend per day, typically for travel expenses.
per fidem intrepidus fearless through faith
per mare per terram by sea and by land Motto of the Royal Marines and (with small difference) of Clan Donald and the Compagnies Franches de la Marine.
per mensem (pm.) by month Thus, "per month", or "monthly".
per os (p.o.) through the mouth Medical shorthand for "by mouth".
per pedes by feet Used of a certain place can be traversed or reached by foot, or to indicate that one is travelling by foot as opposed to by a vehicle.
per procura (p.p.) or (per pro) through the agency Also rendered per procurationem. Used to indicate that a person is signing a document on behalf of another person. Correctly placed before the name of the person signing, but often placed before the name of the person on whose behalf the document is signed, sometimes through incorrect translation of the alternative abbreviation per pro. as "for and on behalf of".
per quod by reason of which In a UK legal context: "by reason of which" (as opposed to per se which requires no reasoning). In American jurisprudence often refers to a spouse's claim for loss of consortium.
per rectum (pr) through the rectum Medical shorthand. See also per os.
per risum multum poteris cognoscire stultum by excessive laughter one can recognise the fool
per se through itself Also "by itself" or "in itself". Without referring to anything else, intrinsically, taken without qualifications, etc. A common example is negligence per se. See also malum in se.
per stirpes through the roots Used in wills to indicate that each "branch" of the testator's family should inherit equally. Contrasted with per capita.
per unitatem vis through unity, strength Motto of Texas A&M University Corps of Cadets.
per veritatem vis through truth, strength Motto of Washington University in St. Louis.
per volar sunata[sic] born to soar Motto of St Aidan's Anglican Girls' School and St Margaret's Anglican Girls' School The phrase is not from Latin but from Dante's Purgatorio, Canto XII, 95, the Italian phrase "per volar sù nata".
periculum in mora danger in delay
perinde ac [si] cadaver [essent] [well-disciplined] like a corpse Phrase written by St. Ignatius of Loyola in his Constitutiones Societatis Iesu (1954)
perita manus mens exculta skilled hand, cultivated mind Motto of RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia.
perge sequar advance, I follow from Virgil's Aeneid IV 114; in Vergil's context: "proceed with your plan, I will do my part."
perpetuum mobile thing in perpetual motion A musical term. Also used to refer to hypothetical perpetual motion machines.
Perseverantia et Fide in Deo Perseverance and Faith in God Motto of Bombay Scottish School, Mahim, India
persona non grata person not pleasing An unwelcome, unwanted or undesirable person. In diplomatic contexts, a person rejected by the host government. The reverse, persona grata ("pleasing person"), is less common, and refers to a diplomat acceptable to the government of the country to which he is sent.
petitio principii request of the beginning Begging the question, a logical fallacy in which a proposition to be proved is implicitly or explicitly assumed in one of the premises.
placet it pleases expression of assent.
pluralis majestatis plural of majesty The first-person plural pronoun when used by an important personage to refer to himself or herself; also known as the "royal we".
plus minusve (p.m.v.) more or less Frequently found on Roman funerary inscriptions to denote that the age of a decedent is approximate.
plus ultra further beyond The national motto of Spain and a number of other institutions. Motto of the Colombian National Armada.
pia desideria pious longings Or "dutiful desires".
pia fraus pious fraud Or "dutiful deceit". Expression from Ovid. Used to describe deception which serves Church purposes.
pia mater pious mother Or "tender mother". Translated into Latin from Arabic. The delicate innermost of the three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord.
pinxit one painted Thus, "he painted this" or "she painted this". Formerly used on works of art, next to the artist's name.
piscem natare docem teach fish to swim Latin proverb, attributed by Erasmus to Greek origin (Ἰχθὺν νηχέσθαι διδάσκεις); corollary Chinese idiom (班門弄斧)
pollice compresso favor iudicabatur goodwill decided by compressed thumb Life was spared with a thumb tucked inside a closed fist, simulating a sheathed weapon. Conversely, a thumb up meant to unsheath your sword.
pollice verso with a turned thumb Used by Roman crowds to pass judgment on a defeated gladiator. The type of gesture used is uncertain. Also the name of a famous painting depicting gladiators by Jean-Léon Gérôme.
Polonia Restituta Rebirth of Poland
pons asinorum bridge of asses Any obstacle that stupid people find hard to cross. Originally used of Euclid's Fifth Proposition in geometry.
Pontifex Maximus Greatest High Priest Or "Supreme Pontiff". Originally an office in the Roman Republic, later a title held by Roman Emperors, and later a traditional epithet of the pope. The pontifices were the most important priestly college of the religion in ancient Rome; their name is usually thought to derive from pons facere ("to make a bridge"), which in turn is usually linked to their religious authority over the bridges of Rome, especially the Pons Sublicius.
posse comitatus to have the right to an armed retinue Thus, to be able to be made into part of a retinue or force. In common law, a sheriff's right to compel people to assist law enforcement in unusual situations.
post aut propter after it or by means of it Causality between two phenomena is not established (cf. post hoc, ergo propter hoc).
post cibum (p.c.) after food Medical shorthand for "after meals" (cf. ante cibum).
post coitum After sex After sexual intercourse.
post coitum omne animal triste est sive gallus et mulier After sexual intercourse every animal is sad, except the cock (rooster) and the woman Or: triste est omne animal post coitum, praeter mulierem gallumque. Attributed to Galen of Pergamum.[41]
post hoc ergo propter hoc after this, therefore because of this A logical fallacy where one assumes that one thing happening after another thing means that the first thing caused the second.
post festum after the feast Too late, or after the fact.
post meridiem (p.m.) after midday The period from noon to midnight (cf. ante meridiem).
post mortem (pm) after death Usually rendered postmortem. Not to be confused with post meridiem.
Post mortem auctoris (p.m.a.) after the author's death The phrase is used in legal terminology in the context of intellectual property rights, especially copyright, which commonly lasts until a certain number of years after the author's death.
post nubila phoebus after the clouds, the sun Motto of the University of Zulia, Venezuela.
post prandial after the time before midday Refers to the time after any meal. Usually rendered postprandial.
post scriptum (p.s.) after what has been written A postscript. Used to mark additions to a letter, after the signature. Can be extended to post post scriptum (p.p.s.), etc.
post tenebras lux, or post tenebras spero lucem after darkness, light Motto of the Protestant Reformation inscribed on the Reformation Wall in Geneva from Vulgata, Job 17:12. Former motto of Chile; motto of Robert College of Istanbul.
postera crescam laude we grow in the esteem of future generations Motto of the University of Melbourne.
potest solum unum There can be only one Highlander.
praemia virtutis honores honours are the rewards of virtue
praemonitus praemunitus forewarned is forearmed
praesis ut prosis ne ut imperes Lead in order to serve, not in order to rule. Motto of Lancaster Royal Grammar School.
praeter legem after the law Legal terminology, international law
Praga Caput Regni Prague, Head of the Kingdom Motto of Prague from Middle Ages
Praga Caput Rei publicae Prague, Head of the Republic Motto of Prague from 1991
Praga mater urbium Prague, Mother of Cities Motto of Prague from 1927
Praga totius Bohemiae domina Prague, the mistress of the whole of Bohemia Former motto of Prague
pretiumque et causa laboris The prize and the cause of our labour Motto of Burnley Football Club; from Ovid's Metamorphoses, 4.739 (Latin)/English): "The Tale of Perseus and Andromeda": resoluta catenis incedit virgo, pretiumque et causa laboris. ("freed of her chains the virgin approaches, cause and reward of the enterprise.")
prima facie at first sight Used to designate evidence in a trial which is suggestive, but not conclusive, of something (e.g., a person's guilt).
prima luce at dawn Literally "at first light".
primas sum: primatum nil a me alienum puto I am a primate; nothing about primates is outside of my bailiwick A sentence by the American anthropologist Earnest Hooton and the slogan of primatologists and lovers of the primates.
primum mobile first moving thing Or "first thing able to be moved". See primum movens.
primum movens prime mover Or "first moving one". A common theological term, such as in the cosmological argument, based on the assumption that God was the first entity to "move" or "cause" anything. Aristotle was one of the first philosophers to discuss the "uncaused cause", a hypothetical originator—and violator—of causality.
primum non nocere first, to not harm A medical precept. Often falsely attributed to the Hippocratic Oath, though its true source is probably a paraphrase from Hippocrates' Epidemics, where he wrote, "Declare the past, diagnose the present, foretell the future; practice these acts. As to diseases, make a habit of two things: to help, or at least to do no harm."
primus inter pares first among equals A title of the Roman Emperors (cf. princeps).
principia probant non probantur principles prove; they are not proved Fundamental principles require no proof; they are assumed a priori.
principiis obsta (et respice finem) resist the beginnings (and consider the end) Ovid, Remedia Amoris, 91
principium individuationis Individuation psychological term: the self-formation of the personality into a coherent whole
prior tempore potior iure earlier in time, stronger in law A legal principle that older laws take precedent over newer ones. Another name for this principle is lex posterior.
pro aris et focis For God and country The motto of the Royal Queensland Regiment, and many other regiments.
pro bono publico for the public good Often abbreviated pro bono. Work undertaken voluntarily at no expense, such as public services. Often used of a lawyer's work that is not charged for.
pro Brasilia fiant eximia let exceptional things be made for Brazil Motto of São Paulo state, Brazil.
pro Deo et Patria For God and Country One of the mottos of Lyceum of the Philippines University and many other institutions.
pro domo (sua) for (one’s own) home or house serving the interests of a given perspective or for the benefit of a given group.
pro Ecclesia, pro Texana For Church, For Texas Motto of Baylor University, a private Christian Baptist university in Waco, Texas.
pro fide et patria for faith and fatherland Motto of the originally Irish Muldoon family and of several schools, such as the Diocesan College (Bishops) in Cape Town, South Africa, and All Hallows High School in the Bronx, New York.
pro forma for form Or "as a matter of form". Prescribing a set form or procedure, or performed in a set manner.
pro gloria et patria for glory and fatherland Motto of Prussia
pro hac vice for this occasion Request of a state court to allow an out-of-state lawyer to represent a client.
pro multis for many It is part of the Rite of Consecration of the wine in Western Christianity tradition, as part of the Mass.
pro parte in part Frequently used in taxonomy to refer to part of a group.
pro patria for country Pro Patria Medal: for operational service (minimum 55 days) in defence of the Republic South Africa or in the prevention or suppression of terrorism; issued for the Border War (counter-insurgency operations in South West Africa 1966–89) and for campaigns in Angola (1975–76 and 1987–88). Motto of The Royal Canadian Regiment, Royal South Australia Regiment and Hurlstone Agricultural High School.
pro patria vigilans watchful for the country Motto of the United States Army Signal Corps.
pro per for self to defend oneself in court without counsel; abbreviation of propria persona. See also: pro se.
pro rata for the rate i.e., proportionately.
pro re nata (PRN, prn) for a thing that has been born Medical shorthand for "as the occasion arises" or "as needed". Also "concerning a matter having come into being". Used to describe a meeting of a special Presbytery or Assembly called to discuss something new, and which was previously unforeseen (literally: "concerning a matter having been born").
pro rege et lege for king and the law Found on the Leeds coat of arms.
pro se for oneself to defend oneself in court without counsel. Some jurisdictions prefer, "pro per".
pro scientia et patria for science and nation Motto of the National University of La Plata.
pro studio et labore for study and work
pro tanto for so much Denotes something that has only been partially fulfilled. A philosophical term indicating the acceptance of a theory or idea without fully accepting the explanation.
pro tempore for the time Equivalent to English phrase "for the time being". Denotes a temporary current situation.
probatio pennae testing of the pen A Medieval Latin term for breaking in a new pen.
probis pateo I am open for honest people Traditionally inscribed above a city gate or above the front entrance of a dwelling or place of learning.
prodesse quam conspici To Accomplish Rather Than To Be Conspicuous Motto of Miami University.
propria manu (p.m.) "by one's own hand".
propter vitam vivendi perdere causas to destroy the reasons for living for the sake of life That is, to squander life's purpose just in order to stay alive, and live a meaningless life. From Juvenal, Satyricon VIII, verses 83–84.
provehito in altum launch forward into the deep Motto of Memorial University of Newfoundland, as well as of the band 30 Seconds to Mars..
proxime accessit he came next The runner-up.
proximo mense (prox.) in the following month Formerly used in formal correspondence to refer to the next month. Used with ult. ("last month") and inst. ("this month").
pulchrum est paucorum hominum Beauty is for the few From Friedrich Nietzsche's 1895 book The Antichrist, translated by H. L. Mencken as "Few men are noble".
pulvis et umbra sumus we are dust and shadow From Horace, Carmina book IV, 7, 16.
punctum saliens leaping point Thus, the essential or most notable point. The salient point.
Q [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
qua definitione by virtue of definition Thus: "by definition"; variant of per definitionem; sometimes used in German-speaking countries. Occasionally misrendered as "qua definitionem".
qua patet orbis as far as the world extends Motto of the Royal Netherlands Marine Corps
quae non prosunt singula multa iuvant what alone is not useful helps when accumulated Ovid, Remedia amoris
quaecumque sunt vera whatsoever is true Mottos of Northwestern University and St. Francis Xavier University. Also motto of the University of Alberta as "quaecumque vera". Taken from Philippians 4:8 of the Bible
quaecumque vera doce me teach me whatsoever is true Motto of St. Joseph's College, Edmonton at the University of Alberta.
quaere to seek Or "you might ask..." Used to suggest doubt or to ask one to consider whether something is correct. Often introduces rhetorical or tangential questions.
quaerite primum regnum Dei seek ye first the kingdom of God Also quaerite primo regnum dei. Motto of Newfoundland and Labrador. Motto of Shelford Girls' Grammar, St Columb's College, and Philharmonic Academy of Bologna.
qualis artifex pereo As what kind of artist do I perish? Or "What a craftsman dies in me!" Attributed to Nero in Suetonius' De vita Caesarum.
quam bene non quantum how well, not how much Motto of Mount Royal University, Calgary, Canada
quam bene vivas referre (or refert), non quam diu it is how well you live that matters, not how long Seneca, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium CI (101)
quamdiu (se) bene gesserit as long as he shall have behaved well (legal Latin) I.e., "[while on] good behavior." So for example the Act of Settlement 1701 stipulated that judges' commissions are valid quamdiu se bene gesserint (during good behaviour). (Notice the different singular, "gesserit", and plural, "gesserint", forms.) It was from this phrase that Frank Herbert extracted the name for the Bene Gesserit sisterhood in the Dune novels.
quantocius quantotius the sooner, the better or, as quickly as possible
quantum libet (q.l.) as much as pleases Medical shorthand for "as much as you wish".
quantum sufficit (qs) as much as is enough Medical shorthand for "as much as needed" or "as much as will suffice".
quaque hora (qh) every hour Medical shorthand. Also quaque die (qd), "every day", quaque mane (qm), "every morning", and quaque nocte (qn), "every night".
quare clausum fregit wherefore he broke the close An action of trespass; thus called, by reason the writ demands the person summoned to answer to wherefore he broke the close (quare clausum fregit), i.e. why he committed such a trespass.
quater in die (qid) four times a day medical shorthand
quem deus vult perdere, dementat prius Whom the gods would destroy, they first make insane
quem di diligunt adulescens moritur he whom the gods love dies young Other translations of diligunt include "prize especially" or "esteem". From Plautus, Bacchides, IV, 7, 18. In this comic play, a sarcastic servant says this to his aging master. The rest of the sentence reads: dum valet sentit sapit ("while he is healthy, perceptive and wise").
questio quid iuris I ask what law? From the Summoner's section of Chaucer's General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales, line 648.
qui bene cantat bis orat he who sings well praises twice From St. Augustine of Hippo's commentary on Psalm 74, 1: Qui enim cantat laudem, non solum laudat, sed etiam hilariter laudat ("He who sings praises, not only praises, but praises joyfully").
qui bono who with good Common nonsensical Dog Latin misrendering of the Latin phrase cui bono ("who benefits?").
qui doecet in doctrina he that teacheth, on teaching Motto of the University of Chester. The more literal translation is "Let those who teach, teach" or "Let the teacher teach".
qui habet aures audiendi audiat he who has ears to hear shall hear "Let he that hath ears to hear, let him hear"; Mark y 4:9
qui tacet consentire videtur he who is silent is taken to agree Thus, silence gives consent. Sometimes accompanied by the proviso "ubi loqui debuit ac potuit", that is, "when he ought to have spoken and was able to".
qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso in hac parte sequitur he who brings an action for the king as well as for himself Generally known as 'qui tam,' it is the technical legal term for the unique mechanism in the federal False Claims Act that allows persons and entities with evidence of fraud against federal programs or contracts to sue the wrongdoer on behalf of the Government.
qui totum vult totum perdit he who wants everything loses everything Attributed to Seneca
qui transtulit sustinet he who transplanted still sustains Or "he who brought us across still supports us", meaning God. State motto of Connecticut. Originally written as sustinet qui transtulit in 1639.
quia suam uxorem etiam suspiciore vacare vellet because he should wish even his wife to be free from suspicion Attributed to Julius Caesar by Plutarch, Caesar 10. Translated loosely as "because even the wife of Caesar may not be suspected". At the feast of Bona Dea, a sacred festival for females only, which was being held at the Domus Publica, the home of the Pontifex Maximus, Caesar, and hosted by his second wife, Pompeia, the notorious politician Clodius arrived in disguise. Caught by the outraged noblewomen, Clodius fled before they could kill him on the spot for sacrilege. In the ensuing trial, allegations arose that Pompeia and Clodius were having an affair, and while Caesar asserted that this was not the case and no substantial evidence arose suggesting otherwise, he nevertheless divorced, with this quotation as explanation.
quid abundat non obstat what is abundant doesn't hinder It is no problem to have too much of something.
quid agis What's going on? What's happening? What's going on? What's the news? What's up?
quid est veritas What is truth? In the Vulgate translation of John 18:38, Pilate's question to Jesus (Greek: Τί ἐστιν ἀλήθεια. A possible answer is an anagram of the phrase: est vir qui adest, "it is the man who is here."
quid infantes sumus What are we, a bunch of babies? Commonly used by Nocera Clan. synonym - "to throw down ones gauntlet."
quid novi ex Africa What of the new out of Africa? Less literally, "What's new from Africa?" Derived from an Aristotle quotation.
quid nunc What now? Commonly shortened to quidnunc. As a noun, a quidnunc is a busybody or a gossip. Patrick Campbell worked for The Irish Times under the pseudonym "Quidnunc".
quid pro quo what for what Commonly used in English, it is also translated as "this for that" or "a thing for a thing". Signifies a favor exchanged for a favor. The traditional Latin expression for this meaning was do ut des ("I give, so that you may give").
quidquid Latine dictum sit altum videtur whatever has been said in Latin seems deep Or "anything said in Latin sounds profound". A recent ironic Latin phrase to poke fun at people who seem to use Latin phrases and quotations only to make themselves sound more important or "educated". Similar to the less common omnia dicta fortiora si dicta Latina.
quieta non movere don't move settled things
Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? Who will guard the guards themselves? Commonly associated with Plato who in the Republic poses this question; and from Juvenal's On Women, referring to the practice of having eunuchs guard women and beginning with the word sed ("but"). Usually translated less literally, as "Who watches the watchmen?" This translation is a common epigraph, such as of the Tower Commission and Alan Moore's Watchmen comic book series.
quis leget haec? Who will read this?
quis separabit? who will separate us? Motto of the Order of St. Patrick. Motto of Northern Ireland.
quis ut Deus Who [is] as God? Usually translated "Who is like unto God?" Questions who would have the audacity to compare himself to a Supreme Being.
quo errat demonstrator where the prover errs A pun on ''quod erat demonstrandum''.
quo fata ferunt where the fates bear us to Motto of Bermuda.
quousque tandem? For how much longer? From Cicero's first speech In Catilinam to the Roman Senate regarding the conspiracy of Catiline: Quo usque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra? ("For how much longer, Catiline, will you abuse our patience?").
Quo Vadimus? Where are we going? Title of the series finale of Aaron Sorkin's TV dramedy Sports Night.
quo vadis? Where are you going? According to Vulgate translation of John 13:36, Saint Peter asked Jesus Domine, quo vadis ("Lord, where are you going?"). The King James Version has the translation "Lord, whither goest thou?"
quod erat demonstrandum (Q.E.D.) what was to be demonstrated The abbreviation is often written at the bottom of a mathematical proof. Sometimes translated loosely into English as "The Five Ws", W.W.W.W.W., which stands for "Which Was What We Wanted".
quod erat faciendum (Q.E.F) which was to be done Or "which was to be constructed". Used in translations of Euclid's Elements when there was nothing to prove, but there was something being constructed, for example a triangle with the same size as a given line.
quod est (q.e.) which is
quod est necessarium est licitum what is necessary is lawful
quod gratis asseritur, gratis negatur what is asserted without reason may be denied without reason If no grounds have been given for an assertion, then there are no grounds needed to reject it.
quod licet Iovi, non licet bovi what is permitted to Jupiter is not permitted to an ox If an important person does something, it does not necessarily mean that everyone can do it (cf. double standard). Iovi (also commonly rendered Jovi) is the dative form of Iuppiter ("Jupiter" or "Jove"), the chief god of the Romans.
quod me nutrit me destruit what nourishes me destroys me Thought to have originated with Elizabethan playwright Christopher Marlowe. Generally interpreted to mean that that which motivates or drives a person can consume him or her from within. This phrase has become a popular slogan or motto for pro-ana websites, anorexics and bulimics.
quod natura non dat Salmantica non praestat what nature does not give, Salamanca does not provide Refers to the Spanish University of Salamanca, meaning that education cannot substitute the lack of brains.
Quod scripsi, scripsi. What I have written I have written. Pilate to the chief priests (John 19:22).
quod vide (q.v.) which see Used after a term or phrase that should be looked up elsewhere in the current document or book. For more than one term or phrase, the plural is quae vide (qq.v.).
Quodcumque dixerit vobis, facite. Whatever He tells you, that you shall do. More colloquially: "Do whatever He [Jesus] tells you to do." Instructions of Mary to the servants at the Wedding at Cana. (John 2:5).
quomodo vales How are you?
quorum of whom The number of members whose presence is required under the rules to make any given meeting constitutional.
quos amor verus tenuit tenebit Those whom true love has held, it will go on holding Seneca.
quot capita tot sensus as many heads, so many opinions "There are as many opinions as there are heads." – Terence
quot homines tot sententiae how many people, so many opinions Or "there are as many opinions as there are people".
R [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
radix malorum est cupiditas the root of evils is desire Or "greed is the root of all evil". Theme of the "The Pardoner's Tale" from The Canterbury Tales.
rara avis (Rarissima avis) rare bird (very rare bird) An extraordinary or unusual thing. From Juvenal's Satires: rara avis in terris nigroque simillima cygno ("a rare bird in the lands, and very like a black swan").
rari nantes in gurgite vasto Rare survivors in the immense sea Virgil, Aeneid, I, 118
ratio decidendi reasoning for the decision The legal, moral, political, and social principles used by a court to compose a judgment's rationale.
ratio legis reasoning of law A law's foundation or basis.
ratione personae because of the person involved Also "Jurisdiction Ratione Personae" the personal reach of the courts jurisdiction.[42]
ratione soli by account of the ground Or "according to the soil". Assigning property rights to a thing based on its presence on a landowner's property.
ratum et consummatum confirmed and completed in Canon law, a consummated marriage
ratum tantum confirmed only in Canon law, a confirmed but unconsummated marriage (which can be dissolved super rato)
re [in] the matter of More literally, "by the thing". From the ablative of res ("thing" or "circumstance"). It is a common misconception that the "Re:" in correspondence is an abbreviation for regarding or reply; this is not the case for traditional letters. However, when used in an e-mail subject, there is evidence that it functions as an abbreviation of regarding rather than the Latin word for thing. The use of Latin re, in the sense of "about, concerning", is English usage.
rebus sic stantibus with matters standing thus The doctrine that treaty obligations hold only as long as the fundamental conditions and expectations that existed at the time of their creation hold.
recte et fideliter Upright and Faithful Also "just and faithful" and "accurately and faithfully". Motto of Ruyton Girls' School
reductio ad absurdum leading back to the absurd A common debate technique, and a method of proof in mathematics and philosophy, that proves the thesis by showing that its opposite is absurd or logically untenable. In general usage outside mathematics and philosophy, a reductio ad absurdum is a tactic in which the logic of an argument is challenged by reducing the concept to its most absurd extreme. Translated from Aristotle's "ἡ εις άτοπον απαγωγη" (hi eis atopon apagogi, "reduction to the impossible").
reductio ad infinitum leading back to the infinite An argument that creates an infinite series of causes that does not seem to have a beginning. As a fallacy, it rests upon Aristotle's notion that all things must have a cause, but that all series of causes must have a sufficient cause, that is, an unmoved mover. An argument which does not seem to have such a beginning becomes difficult to imagine.
regnat populus the people rule State motto of Arkansas, adopted in 1907. Originally rendered in 1864 in the plural, regnant populi ("the peoples rule"), but subsequently changed to the singular.
Regnum Mariae Patrona Hungariae Kingdom of Mary, the Patron of Hungary Former motto of Hungary.
rem acu tetigisti You have touched the point with a needle i.e., "You have hit the nail on the head"
repetita juvant repeating does good Usually said as a jocular remark to defend the speaker's (or writer's) choice to repeat some important piece of information to ensure reception by the audience.
repetitio est mater studiorum repetition is the mother of study
requiem aeternam eternal rest
requiescat in pace (R.I.P.) let him rest in peace Or "may he rest in peace". A benediction for the dead. Often inscribed on tombstones or other grave markers. "RIP" is commonly mistranslated as "Rest In Peace", though the two mean essentially the same thing.
rerum cognoscere causas to learn the causes of things Motto of the University of Sheffield, the University of Guelph, and London School of Economics.
res gestae things done A phrase used in law representing the belief that certain statements are made naturally, spontaneously and without deliberation during the course of an event, they leave little room for misunderstanding/misinterpretation upon hearing by someone else ( i.e. by the witness who will later repeat the statement to the court) and thus the courts believe that such statements carry a high degree of credibility.
res ipsa loquitur the thing speaks for itself A phrase from the common law of torts meaning that negligence can be inferred from the fact that such an accident happened, without proof of exactly how. A clause sometimes (informally) added on to the end of this phrase is sed quid in infernos dicit ("but what the hell does it say?"), which serves as a reminder that one must still interpret the significance of events that "speak for themselves".
res judicata judged thing A matter which has been decided by a court. Often refers to the legal concept that once a matter has been finally decided by the courts, it cannot be litigated again (cf. non bis in idem and double jeopardy).
res, non verba "actions speak louder than words", or "deeds, not words" From rēs ("things, facts") the plural of rēs ("a thing, a fact") + nōn ("not") + verba ("words") the plural of verbum ("a word"). Literally meaning "things, not words" or "facts instead of words" but referring to that "actions be used instead of words".
res nullius nobody's property Goods without an owner. Used for things or beings which belong to nobody and are up for grabs, e.g., uninhabited and uncolonized lands, wandering wild animals, etc. (cf. terra nullius, "no man's land").
respice adspice prospice look behind, look here, look ahead i.e., "examine the past, the present and future". Motto of CCNY.
respice finem look back at the end i.e., "have regard for the end" or "consider the end". Generally a memento mori, a warning to remember one's death. Motto of Homerton College, Cambridge and Trinity College, Kandy.
respondeat superior let the superior respond Regarded as a legal maxim in agency law, referring to the legal liability of the principal with respect to an employee. Whereas a hired independent contractor acting tortiously may not cause the principal to be legally liable, a hired employee acting tortiously will cause the principal (the employer) to be legally liable, even if the employer did nothing wrong.
restitutio in integrum restoration to original condition Principle behind the awarding of damages in common law negligence claims
resurgam I shall arise ‘I shall rise again’, expressing Christian faith in resurrection at the Last Day. It appears, inter alia, in Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre, as the epitaph written on Helen Burns's grave; in a poem of Emily Dickinson: Poems (1955) I. 56 ("Arcturus" is his other name), I slew a worm the other day — A ‘Savant’ passing by Murmured ‘Resurgam’ — ‘Centipede’! ‘Oh Lord—how frail are we’!; and in a letter of Vincent van Gogh. The OED gives "1662 J. Trapp Annotations Old & New Testament I. 142 Howbeit he had hope in his death, and might write Resurgam on his grave" as its earliest attribution in the English corpus.
retine vim istam, falsa enim dicam, si coges Restrain your strength, for if you compel me I will tell lies An utterance by the Delphic oracle recorded by Eusebius of Caesarea in Praeparatio evangelica, VI-5, translated from the Greek of Porphyry (c.f. E. H. Gifford's translation) and used by William Wordsworth as a subtitle for his ballad "Anecdote for Fathers".
rex regum fidelum et king even of faithful kings Latin motto that appears on the crest of the Trinity Broadcasting Network of Paul and Jan Crouch.
rigor mortis stiffness of death The rigidity of corpses when chemical reactions cause the limbs to stiffen about 3–4 hours after death. Other signs of death include drop in body temperature (algor mortis, "cold of death") and discoloration (livor mortis, "bluish color of death").
risum teneatis, amici? Can you help laughing, friends? An ironic or rueful commentary, appended following a fanciful or unbelievable tale.
risus abundat in ore stultorum laughter is abundant in the mouth of fools excessive and inappropriate laughter signifies stupidity; see also LOL
Roma invicta Unconquerable Rome Inspirational motto inscribed on the Statue of Rome.
Romanes eunt domus Romanes go the house An intentionally garbled Latin phrase from Monty Python's Life of Brian. Its intended meaning is "Romans, go home!", but is actually closer to "'People called Romanes they go the house'", according to a centurion in the movie. When Brian is caught vandalizing the palace walls with this phrase, rather than punish him, the centurion corrects his Latin grammar, explaining that Romanus is a second declension noun and has its plural in -i rather than -es; that ire or eo ("to go") must be in the imperative mood to denote a command; and that domus takes the accusative case without a preposition as the object. The final result of this lesson is the correct Latin phrase Romani ite domum.
rorate coeli drop down ye heavens aka The Advent Prose
rosa rubicundior, lilio candidior, omnibus formosior, semper in te glorior redder than the rose, whiter than the lilies, fairer than all things, I do ever glory in thee From the Carmina Burana's song "Si puer cum puellula".
rus in urbe A countryside in the city Generally used to refer to a haven of peace and quiet within an urban setting, often a garden, but can refer to interior decoration.
S [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
saltus in demonstrando leap in explaining a leap in logic, by which a necessary part of an equation is omitted.
salus in arduis a stronghold (or refuge) in difficulties a Roman Silver Age maxim, also the school motto of Wellingborough School.
salus populi suprema lex esto the welfare of the people is to be the highest law From Cicero's De Legibus, book III, part III, sub. VIII. Quoted by John Locke in his Second Treatise, On Civil Government, to describe the proper organization of government. Also the state motto of Missouri.
salva veritate with truth intact Refers to two expressions that can be interchanged without changing the truth value of the statements in which they occur.
Salvator Mundi Savior of the World Christian epithet, usually referring to Jesus. The title of paintings by Albrecht Dürer and Leonardo da Vinci.
salvo errore et omissione (s.e.e.o.) save for error and omission Appears on statements of "account currents".
salvo honoris titulo (SHT) save for title of honor
Sancta Sedes Holy Chair literally, "holy seat". Refers to the Papacy or the Holy See.
sancta simplicitas holy innocence Or "sacred simplicity".
sancte et sapienter with holiness and with wisdom Also sancte sapienter (holiness, wisdom), motto of several institutions.
sanctum sanctorum Holy of Holies referring to a more sacred and/or guarded place, within a lesser guarded, yet also holy location.
sapere aude dare to be wise From Horace's Epistularum liber primus, Epistle II, line 40. Popularized by its use in Kant's What is Enlightenment? to define the Enlightenment. Frequently used in mottos; also the name of an Australian Heavy Metal band.
sapienti sat enough for the wise From Plautus. Indicates that something can be understood without any need for explanation, as long as the listener has enough wisdom or common sense. Often extended to dictum sapienti sat est ("enough has been said for the wise", commonly translated as "a word to the wise is enough").
sapientia et doctrina wisdom and learning Motto of Fordham University, New York.
sapientia et eloquentia wisdom and eloquence One of the mottos of the Ateneo schools in the Philippines.[43]
Motto of the Minerva Society
sapientia et veritas wisdom and truth Motto of Christchurch Girls' High School, New Zealand.
sapientia et virtus wisdom and virtue Motto of University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Sapientia melior auro wisdom is better than gold Motto of University of Deusto, Bilbao, San Sebastián, Spain.
sapientia, pax, fraternitas Wisdom, Peace, Fraternity Motto of Universidad de las Américas, Puebla, Cholula, Mexico.
scientiae cedit mare The sea yields to knowledge Motto of the United States Coast Guard Academy.
scientia ac labore knowledge through [hard] work, or: by means of knowledge and hard work, or: through knowledge and [hard] work Motto of several institutions
scientia, aere perennius knowledge, more lasting than bronze unknown origin, probably adapted from Horace's ode III (Exegi monumentum aere perennius).
scientia cum religione religion and knowledge united Motto of St Vincent's College, Potts Point
scientia et sapientia knowledge and wisdom motto of Illinois Wesleyan University
scientia imperii decus et tutamen knowledge is the adornment and protection of the Empire Motto of Imperial College London
scientia ipsa potentia est knowledge itself is power Stated originally by Sir Francis Bacon in Meditationes Sacrae (1597), which in modern times is often paraphrased as scientia est potestas or scientia potentia est (knowledge is power).
scientia vincere tenebras conquering darkness by science motto of several institutions
scilicet (sc. or ss.) it is permitted to know that is to say; to wit; namely; in a legal caption, it provides a statement of venue or refers to a location.
scio I know
scio me nihil scire I know that I know nothing
scire quod sciendum knowledge which is worth having motto of now defunct publisher Small, Maynard & Company
scribimus indocti doctique poemata passim Each desperate blockhead dares to write as translated by Philip Francis. From Horace, Epistularum liber secundus (1, 117)[44] and quoted in Fielding's Tom Jones; lit: "Learned or not, we shall write poems without distinction"
scuto amoris divini by the shield of God's love The motto of Skidmore College
seculo seculorum forever and ever
sedet, aeternumque sedebit seat, be seated forever a Virgi's verse, means when you stop trying, then you lose
sed ipse spiritus postulat pro nobis, gemitibus inenarrabilibus But the same Spirit intercedes incessantly for us, with inexpressible groans Romans 8:26
sede vacante with the seat being vacant The "seat" is the Holy See, and the vacancy refers to the interregnum between two popes.
sedes apostolica apostolic chair Synonymous with Sancta Sedes.
sedes incertae seat (i.e. location) uncertain Used in biological classification to indicate that there is no agreement as to which higher order grouping a taxon should be placed into. Abbreviated sed. incert.
semel in anno licet insanire once in a year one is allowed to go crazy Concept expressed by various authors, such as Seneca, Saint Augustine and Horace. It became proverbial during the Middle ages.
semper ad meliora always towards better things Motto of several institutions.
semper anticus always forward Motto of the 45th Infantry Division (United States) and its successor, the 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States).
semper ardens always burning Motto of Carl Jacobsen and name of a line of beers by Danish brewery Carlsberg.
semper eadem always the same personal motto of Elizabeth I, appears above her royal coat of arms. Used as motto of Elizabeth College, Guernsey, Channel Islands, which was founded by Elizabeth I, and of Ipswich School, to whom Elizabeth granted a royal charter. Also the motto of the City of Leicester.
semper excelsius always higher Motto of the K.A.V. Lovania Leuven.
semper fidelis always faithful Motto of several institutions. One of the most well known institutions that uses this as a motto is the United States Marine Corps.
semper fortis always brave The unofficial motto of the United States Navy.
semper idem always the same Motto of Underberg.
semper in excretia sumus solim profundum variat We're always in the manure; only the depth varies. Lord de Ramsey, House of Lords, 21 January 1998[45]
semper instans always threatening Motto of 846 NAS Royal Navy.
semper invicta always invincible Motto of Warsaw.
semper liber always free Motto of the city of Victoria, British Columbia.
semper paratus always prepared Motto of several institutions. One of the most well known institutions that uses this as a motto is the United States Coast Guard.
semper primus always first Motto of Company A-1 of the United States Military Academy at West Point and Charlie Corps of the Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets, along with the inactive 436th Fighter Squadron of the US Air Force
semper reformanda always in need of being reformed A phrase deriving from the Nadere Reformatie movement in the seventeenth century Dutch Reformed Church and widely but informally used in Reformed and Presbyterian churches today. It refers to the conviction of certain Reformed Protestant theologians that the church must continually re-examine itself in order to maintain its purity of doctrine and practice. The term first appeared in print in Jodocus van Lodenstein, Beschouwinge van Zion (Contemplation of Zion), Amsterdam, 1674.[46]
semper sursum always aim high Motto of St. Joseph's College, Allahabad, India. Motto of Palmerston North Girls' High School, Palmerston North, New Zealand
semper ubi sub ubi always where under where A common English-Dog Latin translation joke. The phrase is nonsensical in Latin, but the English translation is a pun on "always wear underwear".
semper vigilans always vigilant Motto of several institutions (Such as the US Air Force Auxiliary Civil Air Patrol). Also the motto of the city of San Diego, California.
semper vigilo always vigilant The motto of Scottish Police Forces, Scotland.
Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Senate and the People of Rome The official name of the Roman Republic. "SPQR" was carried on battle standards by the Roman legions. In addition to being an ancient Roman motto, it remains the motto of the modern city of Rome.
sensu lato with the broad, or general, meaning Less literally, "in the wide sense".
sensu stricto cf. stricto sensu "with the tight meaning" Less literally, "in the strict sense".
sensus plenior in the fuller meaning In biblical exegesis, the deeper meaning intended by God, not intended by the human author.
sequere pecuniam follow the money In an effort to understand why things may be happening contrary to expectations, or even in alignment with them, this idiom suggests that keeping track of where money is going may show the basis for the observed behavior. Similar in spirit to the phrase cui bono (who gains?) or cui prodest (who advances?), but outside those phrases' historically legal context.
sero venientes male sedentes those who are late are poorly seated
sero venientibus ossa those who are late get bones
servabo fidem Keeper of the faith I will keep the faith.
serviam I will serve The answer of St. Michael the Archangel to the non serviam, "I will not serve" of Satan, when the angels were tested by God on whether they will serve an inferior being, a man, Jesus, as their Lord.
servus servorum Dei servant of the servants of God A title for the pope.
sesquipedalia verba words a foot and a half long From Horace's Ars Poetica, "proicit ampullas et sesquipedalia verba" ("he throws down his high-flown language and his foot-and-a-half-long words"). A self-referential jab at long words and needlessly elaborate language in general.
Si monumentum requiris circumspice If you seek (his) monument, look around you from the epitaph on Christopher Wren's tomb in St Paul's Cathedral.
si omnes... ego non if all ones... not I
si peccasse negamus fallimur et nulla est in nobis veritas if we deny having made a mistake, we are deceived, and there's no truth in us From Christopher Marlowe's The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, where the phrase is translated "if we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and there's no truth in us". (cf. 1 John 1:8 in the New Testament)
si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice if you seek a delightful peninsula, look around Said to have been based on the tribute to architect Christopher Wren in St Paul's Cathedral, London: si monumentum requiris, circumspice (see above). State motto of Michigan, adopted in 1835.
si quid novisti rectius istis, candidus imperti; si nil, his utere mecum. if you can better these principles, tell me; if not, join me in following them Horace, Epistles I:6, 67–68
si tacuisses, philosophus mansisses If you had kept your silence, you would have stayed a philosopher This quote is often attributed to the Latin philosopher Boethius of the late fifth and early sixth centuries. It translates literally as, "If you had been silent, you would have remained a philosopher." The phrase illustrates a common use of the subjunctive verb mood. Among other functions it expresses actions contrary to fact. Sir Humphrey Appleby translated it to the PM as: "If you'd kept your mouth shut we might have thought you were clever".
si vales valeo (SVV) if you are well, I am well A common beginning for ancient Roman letters. Also extended to si vales bene est ego valeo ("if you are well, that is good; I am well"), abbreviated to SVBEEV. The practice fell out of fashion and into obscurity with the decline in Latin literacy.
si vis amari ama If you want to be loved, love This quote is often attributed to the Roman philosopher Seneca.
si vis pacem, para bellum if you want peace, prepare for war From Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus, De Re Militari. Origin of the name parabellum for some ammunition and firearms, such as the Luger Parabellum. (Similar to igitur qui desiderat pacem, praeparet bellum)
sic thus Or "just so". States that the preceding quoted material appears exactly that way in the source, despite any errors of spelling, grammar, usage, or fact that may be present. Used only for previous quoted text; ita or similar must be used to mean "thus" when referring to something about to be stated.
sic et non thus and not More simply, "yes and no".
sic gorgiamus allos subjectatos nunc we gladly feast on those who would subdue us Mock-Latin motto of The Addams Family.
sic infit so it begins
sic itur ad astra thus you shall go to the stars From Virgil, Aeneid book IX, line 641. Possibly the source of the ad astra phrases. Motto of several institutions.
sic parvis magna greatness from small beginnings Motto of Sir Francis Drake
sic passim Thus here and there Used when referencing books; see passim.
sic semper erat, et sic semper erit Thus has it always been, and thus shall it ever be
sic semper tyrannis thus always to tyrants Attributed to Brutus at the time of Julius Caesar's assassination, and to John Wilkes Booth at the time of Abraham Lincoln's assassination; whether it was actually said at either of these events is disputed. Shorter version from original sic semper evello mortem tyrannis ("thus always death will come to tyrants"). State motto of Virginia, adopted in 1776.
sic transit gloria mundi thus passes the glory of the world A reminder that all things are fleeting. During Papal Coronations, a monk reminds the pope of his mortality by saying this phrase, preceded by pater sancte ("holy father") while holding before his eyes a burning paper illustrating the passing nature of earthly glories. This is similar to the tradition of a slave in Roman triumphs whispering memento mori.
sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas use [what is] yours so as not to harm [what is] of others Or "use your property in such a way that you do not damage others'". A legal maxim related to property ownership laws, often shortened to simply sic utere ("use it thus").
sic vita est thus is life Or "such is life". Indicates that a circumstance, whether good or bad, is an inherent aspect of living.
sidere mens eadem mutato Though the constellations change, the mind is universal Latin motto of the University of Sydney.
signetur (sig) or (S/) let it be labeled Medical shorthand
signum fidei Sign of the Faith Motto of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools.
silentium est aureum silence is golden Latinization of the English expression "silence is golden". Also Latinized as silentium est aurum ("silence is gold").
similia similibus curantur

similia similibus curentur similar things take care of similar things"

let similar things take care of similar things "like cures like" and "let like be cured by like"; the first form ("curantur") is indicative, while the second form ("curentur") is subjunctive. The indicative form is found in Paracelsus (16th century), while the subjunctive form is said

[ben]

by Samuel Hahnemann, founder of homeopathy, and is known as the law of similars.
similia similibus solvuntur similar substances will dissolve similar substances Used as a general rule in chemistry; "like dissolves like" refers to the ability of polar or non polar solvents to dissolve polar or non polar solutes respectively.[47]
simplex sigillum veri simplicity is the sign of truth expresses a sentiment akin to Keep It Simple, Stupid
sine anno (s.a.) without a year Used in bibliographies to indicate that the date of publication of a document is unknown.
sine die without a day Originally from old common law texts, where it indicates that a final, dispositive order has been made in the case. In modern legal context, it means there is nothing left for the court to do, so no date for further proceedings is set.
sine ira et studio without anger and fondness Thus, impartially. From Tacitus, Annals 1.1.
sine labore non erit panis in ore without labour there will be no bread in mouth
sine loco (s.l.) without a place Used in bibliographies to indicate that the place of publication of a document is unknown.
sine metu "without fear" Motto of Jameson Irish Whiskey
sine nomine (s.n.) "without a name" Used in bibliographies to indicate that the publisher of a document is unknown.
sine poena nulla lex Without penalty, there is no law Refers to the ineffectiveness of a law without the means of enforcement
sine prole Without offspring Frequently abbreviated to "s.p." or "d.s.p." (decessit sine prole – "died without offspring") in genealogical works.
sine prole superstite Without surviving children Without surviving offspring (even in abstract terms)
sine timore aut favore Without Fear or Favor St.George's School, Vancouver, Canada motto
sine qua non without which not Used to denote something that is an essential part of the whole. See also condicio sine qua non.
sine remediis medicina debilis est without remedies medicine is powerless Inscription on the stained-glass in the conference hall of pharmaceutical mill in Kaunas
sine scientia ars nihil est without knowledge, skill is nothing Motto of The International Diving Society
sisto activitatem I cease the activity Phrase, used to cease the activities of the Sejm upon the liberum veto principle
sit nomine digna may it be worthy of the name Motto of Rhodesia
sit sine labe decus let honour stainless be Motto of the Brisbane Boys' College (Brisbane, Australia).
sit tibi terra levis may the earth be light to you Commonly used on gravestones, often contracted as S.T.T.L., the same way as today's R.I.P.
sit venia verbo may there be forgiveness for the word Similar to the English idiom "pardon my French".
sol iustitiae illustra nos Sun of Justice, shine upon us Motto of Utrecht University
sol lucet omnibus the sun shines on everyone Petronius, Satyricon Lybri 100
sol omnia regit the sun rules over everything Inscription near the entrance to Frombork Museum
sola fide by faith alone The material principle of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the Protestant claim that the Bible teaches that men are saved by faith even without works.
sola gratia by grace alone A motto of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the Protestant claim that salvation is an unearned gift (cf. ex gratia), not a direct result of merit.
sola lingua bona est lingua mortua the only good language is a dead language Example of dog Latin humor.
sola scriptura by scripture alone The formal principle of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the Protestant idea that the Bible alone is the ultimate authority, not the pope or tradition.
sola nobilitat virtus Virtue alone ennobles
soli Deo gloria (S.D.G.) glory to God alone A motto of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the idea that God is the creator of all good things and deserves all the praise for them. Johann Sebastian Bach often signed his manuscripts with the abbreviation S.D.G. to invoke this phrase, as well as with AMDG (ad maiorem Dei gloriam).
solus Christus Christ alone A motto of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas, referring to the Protestant claim that the Bible teaches that Jesus is the only mediator between God and mankind. Also rendered solo Christo ("by Christ alone").
solus ipse I alone
solvitur ambulando It is solved by walking The problem is solved by taking a walk, or by simple experiment.
Spartam nactus es; hanc exorna your lot is cast in Sparta, be a credit to it from Euripides's Telephus, Agamemnon to Menelaus.[48]
specialia generalibus derogant special departs from general
speculum speculorum mirror of mirrors
spem reduxit he has restored hope Motto of New Brunswick.
spes bona good hope Motto of University of Cape Town.
spes vincit thronum hope conquers (overcomes) the throne Refers to Revelation 3:21, "To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne, even as I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in his throne." On the John Winthrop family tombstone, Boston, Massachusetts.
spiritus mundi spirit of the world From The Second Coming (poem) by William Butler Yeats. Refers to Yeats' belief that each human mind is linked to a single vast intelligence, and that this intelligence causes certain universal symbols to appear in individual minds. The idea is similar to Carl Jung's concept of the collective unconscious.
spiritus ubi vult spirat the spirit spreads wherever it wants Refers to The Gospel of Saint John 3:8, where he mentions how Jesus told Nicodemus "The wind blows wherever it wants, and even though you can hear its noise, you don't know where it comes from or where it goes. The same thing happens to whomever has been born of the Spirit". It is the motto of Cayetano Heredia University[49]
splendor sine occasu brightness without setting Loosely "splendour without diminishment" or "magnificence without ruin". Motto of British Columbia.
stamus contra malo we stand against by evil The motto of the Jungle Patrol in The Phantom. The phrase actually violates Latin grammar because of a mistranslation from English, as the preposition contra takes the accusative case. The correct Latin rendering of "we stand against evil" would be "stamus contra malum".
stante pede with a standing foot "Immediately".
stare decisis to stand by the decided things To uphold previous rulings, recognize precedent.
stat sua cuique dies There is a day [turn] for everybody Virgil, Aeneid, X 467
statim (stat) "immediately" Medical shorthand used following an urgent request.
status quo the situation in which The current condition or situation. Also status quo ante ("the situation in which [things were] before"), referring to the state of affairs prior to some upsetting event (cf. reset button technique).
status quo ante bellum the state before the war A common term in peace treaties.
stet let it stand Marginal mark in proofreading to indicate that something previously deleted or marked for deletion should be retained.
stet fortuna domus let the fortune of the house stand First part of the motto of Harrow School, England, and inscribed upon Ricketts House, at the California Institute of Technology.
stipendium peccati mors est the reward of sin is death From Christopher Marlowe's The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus. (See Rom 6:23, "For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.")
strenuis ardua cedunt the heights yield to endeavour Motto on the coat of arms of the University of Southampton.
stricto sensu cf. sensu stricto with the tight meaning Less literally, "in the strict sense".
stupor mundi the wonder of the world The title by which Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, was known. More literally translated "the bewilderment of the world", or, in its original, pre-Medieval sense, "the stupidity of the world".
sua sponte by its own accord Legal term when a court takes up a motion on its own initiative, not because any of the parties to the case has made the motion.
sub anno under the year Commonly abbreviated sa, it is used in citing annals, which record events by year.
sub cruce lumen The Light Under the Cross Motto of the University of Adelaide, Australia. Refers to the figurative "light of learning" and the Southern Cross constellation, Crux.
sub divo under the wide open sky Also, "under the sky", "in the open air", "out in the open" or "outdoors". Ablative "divo" does not distinguish divus, divi, a god, from divum, divi, the sky.
sub finem toward the end Used in citations to refer to the end of a book, page, etc., and abbreviated 's.f.' Used after the page number or title. E.g., 'p. 20 s.f. '
sub Iove frigido under cold Jupiter At night; from Horace's Odes 1.1:25
sub judice under a judge Said of a case that cannot be publicly discussed until it is finished. Also sub iudice.
sub poena under penalty Commonly rendered subpoena. Said of a request, usually by a court, that must be complied with on pain of punishment. Examples include subpoena duces tecum ("take with you under penalty"), a court summons to appear and produce tangible evidence, and subpoena ad testificandum ("under penalty to testify"), a summons to appear and give oral testimony.
sub rosa under the rose "In secret", "privately", "confidentially" or "covertly". In the Middle Ages, a rose was suspended from the ceiling of a council chamber to indicate that what was said in the "under the rose" was not to be repeated outside. This practice originates in Greek mythology, where Aphrodite gave a rose to her son Eros, and he, in turn, gave it to Harpocrates, the god of silence, to ensure that his mother's indiscretions—or those of the gods in general, in other accounts—were kept under wraps.
sub nomine (sub nom.) under the name "in the name of", "under the title of"; used in legal citations to indicate the name under which the litigation continued.
sub silentio under silence implied but not expressly stated.
sub specie aeternitatis under the sight of eternity Thus, "from eternity's point of view". From Spinoza, Ethics.
sub specie Dei under the sight of God "from God's point of view or perspective".
sub tuum praesidium Beneath thy compassion Name of the oldest extant hymn to the Theotokos (Blessed Virgin Mary). Also "under your protection". A popular school motto.
Sub umbra floreo Under the shade I flourish National Motto of Belize, referring to the shade of the mahogany tree.
sub verbo; sub voce Under the word or heading, as in a dictionary; abbreviated s.v.
sublimis ab unda Raised from the waves Motto of King Edward VII and Queen Mary School, Lytham
subsiste sermonem statim stop speaking immediately
Sudetia non cantat One doesn't sing on the Sudeten Mountains Saying from Haná region
sui generis Of its own kind In a class of its own.
sui iuris Of one's own right Capable of responsibility. Has both legal and ecclesiastical use. Commonly rendered sui juris.
sum quod eris I am what you will be A gravestone inscription to remind the reader of the inevitability of death (cf. memento mori). Also rendered fui quod sis ("I have been what you are") and tu fui ego eris ("I have been you, you will be I").
sum quod sum I am what I am from Augustine's Sermon No. 76.[50]
summa cum laude with highest praise
summa summarum all in all Literally "sum of sums". When a short conclusion is rounded up at the end of some elaboration.
summum bonum the supreme good Literally "highest good". Also summum malum ("the supreme evil").
summum ius, summa iniuria supreme justice, supreme injustice From Cicero (De officiis, I, 10, 33). An acritical application of law, without understanding and respect of laws's purposes and without considering the overall circumstances, is often a means of supreme injustice. A similar sentence appears in Terence (Heautontimorumenos, IV, 5): Ius summum saepe summa est malitia ("supreme justice is often out of supreme malice (or wickedness)").
sunt lacrimae rerum there are tears for things From Virgil, Aeneid. Followed by et mentem mortalia tangunt ("and mortal things touch my mind"). Aeneas cries as he sees Carthaginian temple murals depicting the deaths of the Trojan War. See also hinc illae lacrimae.
sunt omnes unum they are all one
sunt pueri pueri, pueri puerilia tractant Children are children, and children do childish things anonymous proverb
suo jure in one's own right Used in the context of titles of nobility, for instance where a wife may hold a title in her own right rather than through her marriage.
suo motu upon one's own initiative Also rendered suo moto. Usually used when a court of law, upon its own initiative, (i.e., no petition has been filed) proceeds against a person or authority that it deems has committed an illegal act. It is used chiefly in South Asia.[citation needed]
suos cultores scientia coronat Knowledge crowns those who seek Her The motto of Syracuse University, New York.
super fornicam on the lavatory Where Thomas More accused the reformer, Martin Luther, of going to celebrate Mass.
superbia in proelia pride in battle Motto of Manchester City F.C.
supero omnia I surpass everything A declaration that one succeeds above all others.
surdo oppedere to belch before the deaf From Erasmus' collection of annotated Adagia (1508): a useless action.
surgam I shall rise Motto of Columbia University's Philolexian Society.
sursum corda Lift up your hearts
sutor, ne ultra crepidam Cobbler, no further than the sandal! Thus, don't offer your opinion on things that are outside your competence. It is said that the Greek painter Apelles once asked the advice of a cobbler on how to render the sandals of a soldier he was painting. When the cobbler started offering advice on other parts of the painting, Apelles rebuked him with this phrase in Greek, and it subsequently became a popular Latin expression.
suum cuique tribuere to render to every man his due One of Justinian I's three basic precepts of law. Also shortened to suum cuique ("to each his own").
s.v. Abbreviation for sub verbo or sub voce (see above).

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O [edit]

Latin Translation Notes
O Deus Ego Amo Te O God I Love You attributed to Saint Francis Xavier
o homines ad servitutem paratos Men ready to be slaves! attributed (in Tacitus, Annales, III, 65) to the Roman Emperor Tiberius, in disgust at the servile attitude of Roman senators; said of those who should be leaders but instead slavishly follow the lead of others
O tempora, o mores! Oh, the times! Oh, the morals! also translated "What times! What customs!"; from Cicero, Catilina I, 2
obiit (ob.) one died "He/she died", inscription on gravestones; ob. also sometimes stands for obiter (in passing or incidentally)
obit anus, abit onus The old woman dies, the burden is lifted Arthur Schopenhauer
obiter dictum a thing said in passing in law, an observation by a judge on some point of law not directly relevant to the case before him, and thus neither requiring his decision nor serving as a precedent, but nevertheless of persuasive authority. In general, any comment, remark or observation made in passing
obliti privatorum, publica curate Forget private affairs, take care of public ones Roman political saying which reminds that common good should be given priority over private matters for any person having a responsibility in the State
obscuris vera involvens the truth being enveloped by obscure things from Virgil
obscurum per obscurius the obscure by means of the more obscure An explanation that is less clear than what it tries to explain; synonymous with ignotum per ignotius
obtorto collo with a twisted neck unwillingly
oculus dexter (O.D.) right eye Ophthalmologist shorthand
oculus sinister (O.S.) left eye
oderint dum metuant let them hate, so long as they fear favorite saying of Caligula, attributed originally to Lucius Accius, Roman tragic poet (170 BC); Motto of the Russian noble family Krasnitsky
odi et amo I hate and I love opening of Catullus 85; the entire poem reads, "odi et amo quare id faciam fortasse requiris / nescio sed fieri sentio et excrucior" (I hate and I love. Why do I do this, you perhaps ask. / I do not know, but I feel it happening and am tormented)
odi profanum vulgus et arceo I hate the unholy rabble and keep them away from Horace
odium theologicum theological hatred name for the special hatred generated in theological disputes
oleum camino (pour) oil on the fire from Erasmus' (1466–1536) collection of annotated Adagia
omne ignotum pro magnifico every unknown thing [is taken] for great or "everything unknown appears magnificent" The source is Tacitus: Agricola, Book 1, 30 where the sentence ends with 'est'. The quotation is from Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes story 'The Red-Headed League' where the 'est' is missing.
omne initium difficile est]] every beginning is difficult
omne vivum ex ovo every living thing is from an egg foundational concept of modern biology, opposing the theory of spontaneous generation
Omnes homines sunt asini vel homines et asini sunt asini All men are donkeys or men and donkeys are donkeys a sophismata proposed and solved by Albert of Saxony (philosopher)
omnes vulnerant, postuma necat or omnes feriunt, ultima necat all [the hours] wound, last one kills usual in clocks, reminding the reader of death
omnia cum deo all with God motto for Mount Lilydale Mercy College, Lilydale, Victoria, Australia
omnia dicta fortiora si dicta Latina everything said [is] stronger if said in Latin or "everything sounds more impressive when said in Latin"; a more common phrase with the same meaning is quidquid Latine dictum sit altum videtur (whatever said in Latin, seems profound)
omnia extares! Interpreted as "Let it all hang out!", but in fact incorrect Latin construction with no real meaning[36] motto for The Evergreen State College, Olympia, Washington, USA[37]
omnia in mensura et numero et pondere disposuisti Thou hast ordered all things in measure, and number, and weight. Book of Wisdom, 11:21
omnia mutantur, nihil interit everything changes, nothing perishes Ovid (43 BC – 17 AD), Metamorphoses, book XV, line 165
omnia omnibus all things to all men 1 Corinthians 9:22
si omnia ficta if all (the words of poets) is fiction Ovid
omnia vincit amor love conquers all Virgil (70 BC – 19 BC), Eclogue X, line 69
omnia munda mundis everything [is] pure to the pure [men] from The New Testament
omnia praesumuntur legitime facta donec probetur in contrarium all things are presumed to be lawfully done, until it is shown [to be] in the reverse in other words, "innocent until proven guilty"
omnibus idem the same to all motto of Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, usually accompanied by a sun, which shines for (almost) everyone
omnibus locis fit caedes Let there be slaughter everywhere Julius Caesar's The Gallic War, 7.67
omnis traductor traditor every translator is a traitor every translation is a corruption of the original; the reader should take heed of unavoidable imperfections
omnis vir tigris everyone a tiger motto of the 102d Intelligence Wing
omnium gatherum gathering of all miscellaneous collection or assortment; "gatherum" is English, and the term is used often used facetiously
onus probandi burden of proof
onus procedendi burden of procedure burden of a party to adduce evidence that a case is an exception to the rule
opera omnia all works collected works of an author
opera posthuma posthumous works works published after the author's death
operari sequitur esse act of doing something follows the act of being scholastic phrase, used to explain that there is no possible act if there is not being: being is absolutely necessary for any other act
opere citato (op. cit.) in the work that was cited used in academic works when referring again to the last source mentioned or used
opere et viritate in action and truth doing what you believe is morally right through everyday actions
opere laudato (op. laud.) See opere citato
operibus anteire leading the way with deeds to speak with actions instead of words
ophidia in herba a snake in the grass any hidden danger or unknown risk
opinio juris sive necessitatis an opinion of law or necessity a belief that an action was undertaken because it was a legal necessity; source of customary law
opus anglicanum English work fine embroidery, especially used to describe church vestments
Opus Dei The Work of God Catholic organisation
ora et labora pray and work This principle of the Benedictine monasteries reads in full: "Ora et labora (et lege), Deus adest sine mora." "Pray and work (and read), God is there without delay" (or to keep the rhyme: "Work and pray, and God is there without delay")
ora pro nobis pray for us "Sancta Maria, mater Dei, ora pro nobis pecatoribus"
orando laborando by praying, by working motto of the Rugby School
oratio directa direct speech expressions from Latin grammar
oratio obliqua indirect speech
orbis non sufficit the world does not suffice or the world is not enough from Satires of Juvenal (Book IV/10), referring to Alexander the Great; James Bond's adopted family motto in the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service; it made a brief appearance in the film adaptation of the same name and was later used as the title of the nineteenth James Bond film, The World Is Not Enough.
orbis unum one world seen in The Legend of Zorro
ordo ab chao out of chaos, comes order one of the oldest mottos of Craft Freemasonry.[38]
oremus pro invicem Let us pray, one for the other; let us pray for each other Popular salutation for Roman Catholic clergy at the beginning or ending of a letter or note. Usually abbreviated OPI.
orta recens quam pura nites newly risen, how brightly you shine Motto of New South Wales

[ben]

nanos gigantum humeris insidentes Dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants First recorded by John of Salisbury in the twelfth century and attributed to Bernard of Chartres. Also commonly known by the letters of Isaac Newton: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants".
nasciturus pro iam nato habetur, quotiens de commodis eius agitur The unborn is deemed to have been born to the extent that his own inheritance is concerned Refers to a situation where an unborn child is deemed to be entitled to certain inheritance rights.
natura abhorret a vacuo nature abhors a vacuum Pseudo-explanation for why a liquid will climb up a tube to fill a vacuum, often given before the discovery of atmospheric pressure.
natura artis magistra Nature is the teacher of art The name of the zoo in the centre of Amsterdam; short: Artis.
natura nihil frustra facit nature does nothing in vain Cf. Leucippus: "Everything that happens does so for a reason and of necessity."
natura non contristatur nature is not saddened That is, the natural world is not sentimental or compassionate.
natura non facit saltum ita nec lex nature does not make a leap, thus neither does the law Shortened form of "sicut natura nil facit per saltum ita nec lex" (just as nature does nothing by a leap, so neither does the law), referring to both nature and the legal system moving gradually.
natura non facit saltus nature makes no leaps A famous aphorism of Carl Linnaeus stating that all organisms bear relationships on all sides, their forms changing gradually from one species to the next. From Philosophia Botanica (1751).
natura valde simplex est et sibi consona Nature is exceedingly simple and harmonious with itself Sir Isaac Newton's famous quote, defining foundation of all modern sciences. Can be found in his Unpublished Scientific Papers of Isaac Newton: A selection from the Portsmouth Collection in the University Library, Cambridge, 1978 edition.
naturalia non sunt turpia What is natural is not dirty Based on Servius' commentary on Virgil's Georgics (3:96): "turpis non est quia per naturam venit."
naturam expellas furca, tamen usque recurret. You may drive out Nature with a pitchfork, yet she still will hurry back You must take the basic nature of something into account.
- Horace, Epistles, Book I, epistle iv, line 24.
navigare necesse est vivere non est necesse to sail is necessary; to live is not necessary Attributed by Plutarch to Gnaeus Pompeius, who, during a severe storm, commanded sailors to bring food from Africa to Rome.
ne plus ultra nothing more beyond Also nec plus ultra or non plus ultra. A descriptive phrase meaning the best or most extreme example of something. The Pillars of Hercules, for example, were literally the nec plus ultra of the ancient Mediterranean world. Holy Roman Emperor Charles V's heraldic emblem reversed this idea, using a depiction of this phrase inscribed on the Pillars—as plus ultra, without the negation. The Boston Musical Instrument Company engraved ne plus ultra on its instruments from 1869 to 1928 to signify that none were better.
Nec aspera terrent They don't terrify the rough ones Frightened by no difficulties. Less literally "Difficulties be damned." Motto for 27th Infantry Regiment (United States) and the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment. Nec = not; aspera = rough ones/things; terrent = they terrify / do terrify / are terrifying.
nec dextrorsum, nec sinistrorsum Neither to the right nor to the left Do not get distracted. Motto for Bishop Cotton Boys' School and the Bishop Cotton Girls' School, both located in Bangalore, India.
nec spe, nec metu without hope, without fear
nec tamen consumebatur and yet it was not consumed Refers to the Burning Bush of Exodus 3:2. Motto of many Presbyterian churches throughout the world.
nec temere nec timide neither reckless nor timid Motto of the Dutch 11th Air Manoeuvre Brigade and the city of Gdańsk, Poland.
neca eos omnes, deus suos agnoscet kill them all, God will know his own alternate rendition of Caedite eos. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius. by Arnaud Amalric.
nemine contradicente (nem. con., N.C.D.) with no one speaking against Less literally, "without dissent". Used especially in committees, where a matter may be passed nem. con., or unanimously.
nemo dat quod non habet no one gives what he does not have Thus, "none can pass better title than they have".
nemo est supra legis nobody is above the law
Nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit No great man ever existed who did not enjoy some portion of divine inspiration From Cicero's De Natura Deorum, Book 2, 167
nemo iudex in causa sua no man shall be a judge in his own cause Legal principle that no individual can preside over a hearing in which he holds a specific interest or bias.
nemo malus felix peace visits not the guilty mind Also translated to "no peace for the wicked." Refers to the inherent psychological issues that plague bad/guilty people.
nemo me impune lacessit no one provokes me with impunity Motto of the Order of the Thistle, and consequently of Scotland, found stamped on the milled edge of certain British pound sterling coins. It is the motto of the Montressors in the Edgar Allan Poe short story "The Cask of Amontillado". Motto of the San Beda College Beta Sigma Fraternity.
nemo mortalium omnibus horis sapit No mortal is wise at all times The wisest may make mistakes.
nemo nisi per amicitiam cognoscitur No one learns except by friendship Used to imply that one must like a subject in order to study it.
nemo saltat sobrius Nobody dances sober The short and more common form of "Nemo enim fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit", "Nobody dances sober, unless he is completely insane."
nemo tenetur seipsum accusare no one is bound to accuse himself A maxim banning mandatory self-incrimination. Near-synonymous with accusare nemo se debet nisi coram Deo. Similar phrases include: nemo tenetur armare adversarium contra se (no one is bound to arm an opponent against himself), meaning that a defendant is not obligated to in any way assist the prosecutor to his own detriment; nemo tenetur edere instrumenta contra se (no one is bound to produce documents against himself, meaning that a defendant is not obligated to provide materials to be used against himself (this is true in Roman law and has survived in modern criminal law, but no longer applies in modern civil law); and nemo tenere prodere seipsum (no one is bound to betray himself), meaning that a defendant is not obligated to testify against himself.
nervos belli, pecuniam infinitam Endless money forms the sinews of war In war, it is essential to be able to purchase supplies and to pay troops (as Napoleon put it, "An army marches on its stomach").
nihil ad rem nothing to do with the point That is, in law, irrelevant and/or inconsequential.
nihil boni sine labore nothing achieved without hard work Motto of Palmerston North Boys' High School
nihil dicit he says nothing In law, a declination by a defendant to answer charges or put in a plea.
nihil novi nothing of the new Or just "nothing new". The phrase exists in two versions: as nihil novi sub sole (nothing new under the sun), from the Vulgate, and as nihil novi nisi commune consensu (nothing new unless by the common consensus), a 1505 law of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and one of the cornerstones of its Golden Liberty.
nihil obstat nothing prevents A notation, usually on a title page, indicating that a Roman Catholic censor has reviewed the book and found nothing objectionable to faith or morals in its content. See also imprimatur.
nihil sine Deo nothing without God Motto of the Kingdom of Romania, while ruled by the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen dynasty (1878–1947).
nihil ultra nothing beyond Motto of St. Xavier's College, Calcutta
nil admirari be surprised at nothing Motto of the Fitzgibbon family. See John FitzGibbon, 1st Earl of Clare
nil desperandum nothing must be despaired at That is, "never despair".
Nil igitur mors est ad nos Death, therefore, is nothing to us From Lucretius' De rerum natura (On the Nature of Things), III.831
nil mortalibus ardui est nothing is impossible for humankind From Horace's Odes. Motto of Rathkeale College, New Zealand and Brunts School, England.
nil nisi bonum (about the dead say) nothing unless (it is) good Short for nil nisi bonum de mortuis dicere. That is, "Don't speak ill of anyone who has died". Also "Nil magnum nisi bonum" (nothing is great unless good), motto of St Catherine's School, Toorak, Pennant Hills High School and Petit Seminaire Higher Secondary School.
nil nisi malis terrori no terror, except to the bad Motto of The King's School, Macclesfield
nil per os, rarely non per os (n.p.o.) nothing through the mouth Medical shorthand indicating that oral foods and fluids should be withheld from the patient.
nil satis nisi optimum nothing [is] enough unless [it is] the best Motto of Everton F.C., residents of Goodison Park, Liverpool.
nil sine labore nothing without labour Motto of Brisbane Grammar School, Brisbane Girls Grammar School, Greenwich Public School, Victoria School, Baines High School and St Mungo's Academy
nil sine numine nothing without the divine will Or "nothing without providence". State motto of Colorado, adopted in 1861. Probably derived from Virgil's Aeneid Book II, line 777, "non haec sine numine divum eveniunt" (these things do not come to pass without the will of Heaven). See also numen.
nil volentibus arduum Nothing [is] arduous for the willing Nothing is impossible for the willing
nisi Dominus frustra if not the Lord, [it is] in vain That is, "everything is in vain without God". Summarized from Psalm 127, "nisi Dominus aedificaverit domum in vanum laboraverunt qui aedificant eam nisi Dominus custodierit civitatem frustra vigilavit qui custodit" (unless the Lord builds the house, they work on a useless thing who build it; unless the Lord guards the community, he keeps watch in vain who guards it). Motto of Edinburgh and St. Stephen's Episcopal School.
nisi prius unless previously In England, a direction that a case be brought up to Westminster for trial before a single judge and jury. In the United States, a court where civil actions are tried by a single judge sitting with a jury, as distinguished from an appellate court.
nitimur in vetitum We strive for the forbidden From Ovid's Amores, III.4:17. It means that when we are denied of something, we will eagerly pursue the denied thing. Used by Friedrich Nietzsche in his Ecce Homo to indicate that his philosophy pursues what is forbidden to other philosophers.
nolens volens unwilling, willing That is, "whether unwillingly or willingly". Sometimes rendered volens nolens, aut nolens aut volens or nolentis volentis. Similar to willy-nilly, though that word is derived from Old English will-he nil-he ([whether] he will or [whether] he will not).
noli me tangere do not touch me Commonly translated "touch me not". According to the Gospel of John, this was said by Jesus to Mary Magdalene after his resurrection.
noli turbare circulos meos Do not disturb my circles! That is, "Don't upset my calculations!" Said by Archimedes to a Roman soldier who, despite having been given orders not to, killed Archimedes at the conquest of Syracuse, Sicily. The soldier was executed for his act.
"nolite te bastardes carborundorum"
(Dog Latin) "Don't let the bastards grind you down From The Handmaid's Tale by Margaret Atwood — the protagonist (Offred) finds the phrase inscribed on the inside of her wardrobe. One of many variants of Illegitimi non carborundum.
nolle prosequi to be unwilling to prosecute A legal motion by a prosecutor or other plaintiff to drop legal charges, usually in exchange for a diversion program or out-of-court settlement.
nolo contendere I do not wish to contend That is, "no contest". A plea that can be entered on behalf of a defendant in a court that states that the accused doesn't admit guilt, but will accept punishment for a crime. Nolo contendere pleas cannot be used as evidence in another trial.
nomen dubium doubtful name A scientific name of unknown or doubtful application.
nomen est omen the name is a sign Thus, "true to its name".
nomen nescio (N.N.) I do not know the name Thus, the name or person in question is unknown.
nomen nudum naked name A purported scientific name that does not fulfill the proper formal criteria and therefore cannot be used unless it is subsequently proposed correctly.
non bis in idem not twice in the same thing A legal principle forbidding double jeopardy.
non causa pro causa not the cause for the cause Also known as the "questionable cause" or "false cause". Refers to any logical fallacy where a cause is incorrectly identified.
non compos mentis not in control of the mind See compos mentis. Also rendered non compos sui (not in control of himself). Samuel Johnson, author of the first English dictionary, theorized that the word nincompoop may derive from this phrase.
non constat it is not certain Used to explain scientific phenomena and religious advocations, for example in medieval history, for rulers to issue a 'Non Constat' decree, banning the worship of a holy figure. In legal context, occasionally a backing for nulling information that was presented by an attorney. Without any tangible proof, Non constat information is difficult to argue for.
non ducor, duco I am not led; I lead Motto of São Paulo city, Brazil. See also pro Brasilia fiant eximia.
non extinguetur shall not be extinguished Motto of the Society of Antiquaries of London accompanying their Lamp of knowledge emblem
non facias malum ut inde fiat bonum you should not make evil in order that good may be made from it More simply, "don't do wrong to do right". The direct opposite of the phrase "the ends justify the means".
non impediti ratione cogitationis unencumbered by the thought process motto of radio show Car Talk
non in legendo sed in intelligendo legis consistunt the laws depend not on being read, but on being understood
non liquet it is not proven Also "it is not clear" or "it is not evident". A sometimes controversial decision handed down by a judge when they feel that the law is not complete.
non loqui sed facere not talk but action Motto of the University of Western Australia's Engineering faculty student society.
non mihi solum not for myself alone Motto of Anderson Junior College, Singapore.
non multa sed multum better have less but better
Non nobis Domine Not to us (oh) Lord Christian hymn based on psalm 115.
non nobis nati 'Born not for ourselves' Motto of St Albans School (Hertfordshire)
non nobis solum not for ourselves alone Appears in Cicero's De Officiis Book 1:22 in the form non nobis solum nati sumus (we are not born for ourselves alone). Motto of Lower Canada College, Montreal and University College, Durham University.
non obstante veredicto not standing in the way of a verdict A judgment notwithstanding verdict, a legal motion asking the court to reverse the jury's verdict on the grounds that the jury could not have reached such a verdict reasonably.
non olet it doesn't smell See pecunia non olet.
non omnis moriar I shall not all die "Not all of me will die", a phrase expressing the belief that a part of the speaker will survive beyond death.
non plus ultra nothing further beyond the ultimate
non possumus not possible
non progredi est regredi to not go forward is to go backward
non prosequitur he does not proceed A judgment in favor of a defendant when the plaintiff failed to take the necessary steps in an action within the time allowed.
non scholae, sed vitae discimus We learn not for school, but for life from Seneca; sometimes abbreviated "non scholae, sed vitae"; motto of many schools.
non quis sed quid not who but what Used in the sense "what matters is not who says it but what he says" – a warning against ad hominem arguments; frequently used as motto.
non sequitur it does not follow In general, a comment which is absurd due to not making sense in its context (rather than due to being inherently nonsensical or internally inconsistent), often used in humor. As a logical fallacy, a conclusion that does not follow from a premise.
non serviam I will not serve Possibly derived from a Vulgate mistranslation of the Book of Jeremiah. Commonly used in literature as Satan's statement of disobedience to God, though in the original context the quote is attributed to Israel, not Satan.
non sibi Not for self A slogan used by many schools and universities.
non sibi, sed patriae Not for self, but for country Engraved on the doors of the United States Naval Academy chapel; motto of the USS Halyburton (FFG-40).
non sibi, sed suis Not for one's self but for one's own A slogan used by many schools and universities.
non sibi, sed omnibus Not for one's self but for all A slogan used by many schools and universities.
non sic dormit, sed vigilat Sleeps not but is awake Martin Luther on mortality of the soul.
non silba, sed anthar; Deo vindice Not for self, but for others; God will vindicate A slogan used by the Ku Klux Klan
non sum qualis eram I am not such as I was Or "I am not the kind of person I once was". Expresses a change in the speaker.
non teneas aurum totum quod splendet ut aurum Do not hold as gold all that shines as gold Also, "All that glitters is not gold." Shakespeare in The Merchant of Venice.
non timebo mala I will fear no evil Printed on the colt in Supernatural.
non vestra sed vos Not yours but you Motto of St Chad's College, Durham.
non vi, sed verbo Not through violence, but through the word alone Martin Luther on Catholic church reform. (see Protestant Reformation)
nosce te ipsum know thyself From Cicero, based on the Greek γνῶθι σεαυτόν (gnothi seauton), inscribed on the pronaos of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, according to the Greek periegetic writer Pausanias (10.24.1). A non-traditional Latin rendering, temet nosce (thine own self know), is translated in The Matrix as "know thyself".
noster nostri Literally "Our ours" Approximately "Our hearts beat as one."
nosus decipio we cheat As translated in Amazing Grace (2006 film), "we cheat." From verb decipere: to ensnare, trap, beguile, deceive, cheat.
nota bene (n.b.) mark well That is, "please note" or "note it well".
novus ordo seclorum new order of the ages From Virgil. Motto on the Great Seal of the United States. Similar to Novus Ordo Mundi (New World Order).
nulla dies sine linea Not a day without a line drawn Pliny the Elder attributes this maxim to Apelles, an ancient Greek artist.
nulla poena sine lege no penalty without a law Refers to the legal principle that one cannot be punished for doing something that is not prohibited by law, and is related to Nullum crimen, nulla poena sine praevia lege poenali.
nulla tenaci invia est via For the tenacious, no road is impassable Motto of the Dutch car builder Spyker.
nullam rem natam no thing born That is, "nothing". It has been theorized that this expression is the origin of Italian nulla, French rien, and Spanish and Portuguese nada, all with the same meaning.
nulli secundus second to none Motto of the Coldstream Guards and Nine Squadron Royal Australian Corps of Transport and the Pretoria Regiment.
nullius in verba On the word of no man Motto of the Royal Society.
nullum crimen, nulla poena sine praevia lege poenali no crime, no punishment without a previous penal law Legal principle meaning that one cannot be penalised for doing something that is not prohibited by law; penal law cannot be enacted retroactively.
nullum magnum ingenium sine mixtura dementiae fuit There has been no great wisdom without an element of madness
nullus funus sine fidula No Funeral Without a Fiddle Motto of the Guild of Funerary Violinists.
numen lumen God our light The motto of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The motto of Elon University.
numerus clausus closed number A method to limit the number of students who may study at a university.
nunc aut nunquam now or never Motto of the Korps Commandotroepen, Dutch elite special forces.
nunc dimittis now you send beginning of the Song of Simeon, from the Gospel of Luke.
nunc est bibendum now is the time to drink Carpe-Diem-type phrase from the Odes of Horace, Nunc est bibendum, nunc pede libero pulsanda tellus (Now is the time to drink, now the time to dance footloose upon the earth).
nunc pro tunc now for then Something that has retroactive effect, is effective from an earlier date.
nunc scio quid sit amor now I know what love is From Virgil, Eclogues VIII.
nunquam minus solus quam cum solus never less alone than when alone
nunquam non paratus never unprepared, ever ready, always ready frequently used as motto