The Euphrates River

[Gloria]

Local Translation:
Traductor
Traduction
Tradutor
Traduttore
Übersetzung
Перевод
Μετάφραση
Çeviri
لترجمة
翻訳

Link To This Page
Copy the following code and paste it on your webpage:
<a href="http://translation.babylon.com/english/orcus/">Translation of Orcus in English</a>
To
Full Text Translation
Dictionary definition of orcus
Synonym of orcus in thesaurus
Orcus Translation

More Languages:
[top]
Orcus Translation On Other Language:
English Vietnamese Hebrew
Get Babylon's Translation Software Download Free Download Now! ZDNet PCMagazine
Orcus in English
Orcus (Latin) [from Greek horcos an oath, the object by which one swears, the witness of an oath] Synonym for Hades, Dis, Pluto; Roman name for the presiding god of the Underworld, also for the Underworld itself. Horcos was the son of Eris (strife), who punishes the perjurer.
Also used in the Codex Nazaraeus for the bottomless pit: the more accurate meaning of the bottomless pit, however, is Tartarus.


Dictionary source: Rakefet
More: English to English translation of orcus
the Lower World, whale.

Dictionary source: LATIN- ENGLISH (AZAD)
More: English to English translation of orcus
Orcus was a god of the underworld, punisher of broken oaths in Italic and Roman mythology. As with Hades, the name of the god was also used for the underworld itself. In the later tradition, he was conflated with Dis Pater, who was the Roman equivalent of Pluto.

[Gloria]

deus

[Gloria]

jupiter


List of theological demons
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

This is a list of demons that appear in religion, theology, demonology, mythology, and folklore. It is not a list of names of demons, although some are listed by more than one name.

The list of fictional demons includes those from literary fiction with theological aspirations, such as Dante's Inferno. Because numerous lists of legendary creatures concern mythology, folklore, and folk fairy tales, much overlap may be expected.

Names of God, list of deities, and list of deities in fiction concern God and gods.
Key

Each entry names a demon and gives a source in parentheses.

Sources named

Demonology: Ayyavazhi, Christian, Hindu, Islamic, Jewish

Eschatology: Islamic eschatology

Folklore: Bulgarian, Christian, German, Jewish

Mythology: Akkadian, Babylonian, Buddhist, Chaldean, Christian, Egyptian, Etruscan, Finnish, Greek, Guanche, Hindu, Hungarian mythology, Indonesia, Irish, Japanese, Mapuche, Moabite, Native American mythology,[clarification needed] Persian, Phoenician, Slavic, Semitic, Sumerian

Gnosticism, Hinduism, Thelema, Zoroastrianism
nautical folklore, Sanskrit,[clarification needed], Testament of Solomon

Contents

Top
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

See also
External links

Many demons have names with several spellings but few are listed under more than one spelling.
A
Saint George vs. the dragon

Aamon or Amon (Christian demonology)
Abaddon/Apollyon (Christian demonology)
Abalam (Christian demonology)
Abezethibou (Testament of Solomon)
Abraxas (Gnosticism)
Abyzou (Jewish mythology)
Adramelech (Assyrian mythology, Christian demonology)
Aeshma (Zoroastrianism)
Agaliarept (Jewish mythology)
Agrat Bat Mahlat (Jewish demonology)
Agares (Christian demonology)
Agiel (Jewish mythology)
Ahriman/Angra Mainyu (Zoroastrianism)
Aim/Haborym (Christian demonology)
Aka Manah/Akem Manah/Akoman/Akvan (Zoroastrianism)
Ala (Slavic mythology)
Alal (Chaldean mythology)
Alastor (Christian demonology)
Alloces/Allocer (Christian demonology)
Allu (Akkadian mythology)
Amaymon (Christian demonology)
Amdusias (Christian demonology)
Ammut (Egyptian mythology)
Amon (Christian demonology)
Amy (Christian demonology)
Anamalech (Assyrian mythology)
Andhaka (Hindu mythology)
Andras (Christian demonology)
Andrealphus (Christian demonology)
Andromalius (Christian demonology)
Antichrist (Christian demonology)
Anzu (Sumerian mythology)
Apep (a.k.a. Apophis) (Egyptian mythology)
Armaros (Jewish demonology)
Archon (Gnosticism)
Asag (Sumerian demonology)
Asakku (Babylonian mythology)
Asb'el (Jewish mythology)
Asmodai/Asmodeus (Jewish folklore and Christian mythology)
Astaroth (Christian demonology)
Asura (Hindu mythology)
Azazel / Azaz'el (Jewish demonology)
Azi Dahaka/Dahak (Zoroastrianism)

B

Baal/Bael (Christian demonology)
Balam (Christian demonology)
Balberith (Jewish demonology)
Bali Raj (Hindu mythology)
Banshee (Irish mythology)
Baphomet (Christian folklore)
Barbas (Christian demonology)
Barbatos (Christian demonology)
Bathin/Mathim/Bathym/Marthim (Christian demonology)
Beball (Christian demonology)
Beelzebub (Jewish demonology, Christian demonology)
Behemoth (Jewish demonology)
Belial (Jewish demonology, Christian demonology)
Beleth (Christian demonology)
Belphegor (Christian demonology)
Berith/Beherit (Phoenician mythology, Christian demonology)
Bhūta (Sanskrit)
Bies (Slavic mythology)
Bifrons (Christian demonology)
Boruta (Slavic mythology)
Botis (Christian demonology)
Buer (Christian demonology)
Bukavac (Slavic mythology)
Bune (Christian mythology)
Bushyasta (Zoroastrianism)

C

Caim/Camio (Christian demonology)
Carabia (Christian demonology)
Charun (Etruscan mythology)
Chemosh (Moabite mythology)
Choronzon (Thelema)
Cimejes/Kimaris/Cimeies (Christian demonology)
Corson (Christian demonology)
Crocell/Procell (Christian demonology)
Culsu (Etruscan mythology)

D

Daeva (Zoroastrianism demonology)
Dagon (Semitic mythology)
Dajjal (Islamic demonology)
Dantalion (Christian demonology)
Danjal (Jewish mythology)
Dasa (Hindu mythology)
Davy Jones (nautical folklore)
Decarabia (Christian demonology)
Demiurge (Gnosticism)
Demogorgon (Christian demonology)
Devil (Christian demonology)
Div-e Sepid (Persian mythology)
Drekavac (Slavic mythology)
Dzoavits (Native American mythology)

E

Eligos (Christian demonology)
Eisheth (Jewish demonology)
Empusa (Greek mythology)
Euryale (Greek mythology)
Eurynomos (Greek mythology)
Eblis (Islamic demonology)

F

Familiars (Christian demonology)
Focalor (Christian demonology)
Foras/Forcas/Forras/ (Christian demonology)
Forneus (Christian demonology)
Furcas/Forcas (Christian demonology)
Furfur (Christian demonology)

G

Gaap (Christian demonology)
Gader'el (Jewish demonology)
Gaki (Japanese mythology)
Gamigin (Christian demonology)
Gello (Greek mythology, Christian mythology)
Ghoul (Arabian and several other mythologies)
Glasya-Labolas/Caacrinolaas/Caassimolar/Classyalabolas/Glassia-labolis (Christian demonology)
Gorgon (Greek mythology)
Gremory/Gomory (Christian demonology)
Grigori (Jewish demonology)
Gualichu (Mapuche mythology)
Guayota (Guanche mythology)
Gusion/Gusoin/Gusoyn (Christian demonology)

H

Haagenti (Christian demonology)
Halphas/Malthus (Christian demonology)
Harpy (Greek mythology)
Haures/Flauros/Flavros/Hauras/Havres (Christian demonology)
Humbaba (Sumerian mythology, Akkadian mythology)

I

Ifrit (Islamic mythology)
Incubus (Christian demonology, Chaldean mythology, Jewish folklore)
Ipos/Ipes (Christian demonology)
Iblis (Islamic demonology)(Satan)

J

Jinn (Islamic demonology)
Jikininki (Japanese mythology)

K

Kabandha/Kabhanda (Hinduism)
Kasadya (Jewish demonology)
Kokb'ael (Jewish demonology)
Kali (Hindu mythology)
Kroni (Ayyavazhi demonology)
Krampus (Germanic-Christian Demonology)

L

Labal (Christian demonology)
Lady Midday (Slavic mythology)
Lamashtu (Sumerian mythology)
Lamia (Bulgarian folklore, Christian demonology and Greek mythology)
Latiangle (Christian demonology)
Legion (Christian demonology)
Lechies (Slavic mythology)
Leyak (Indonesian mythology)
Lempo (Finnish mythology)
Leraje/Leraie (Christian demonology)
Leviathan (Jewish demonology, Christian demonology)
Lili/Lilin/Lilim (Jewish demonology)
Lilith (Sumerian mythology, Akkadian mythology, Jewish folklore)
Lucifer (Christian demonology)
Lucifuge Rofocale (Christian demonology)

M

Malphas (Christian demonology)
Mammon (Christian demonology)
Mara (Buddhist mythology)
Maricha(Hindu mythology)
Marax/Morax/Foraii (Christian demonology)
Marbas (Christian demonology)
Marchosias (Christian demonology)
Masih ad-Dajjal/Ad-Dajjal/Dajjal (Islamic eschatology)
Mastema (Jewish demonology)
Medusa (Greek mythology)
Mephistopheles (Christian folklore, German folklore)
Merihem (Christian demonology)
Moloch (Christian demonology)
Murmur (Christian demonology)

N

Naamah (demon) (Jewish demonology)
Naberius/Cerbere (Christian demonology)
Naberus (Christian demonology)
Naphula (Christian demonology)
Ninurta (Sumerian mythology, Akkadian mythology)
Namtar (Sumerian mythology

O

Onoskelis (Testament of Solomon)
Oray (Christian demonology)
Orcus (Roman mythology, later Christian demonology)
Orias (Christian demonology)
Oriax (Christian demonology)
Ornias (Testament of Solomon)
Orobas (Christian demonology)
Orobos (Christian demonology)
Ose (Christian demonology)
Ördög (Hungarian mythology)

P

Paimon (Christian demonology)
Paimonia (Christian demonology)
Paymon (Christian demonology)
Pazuzu (Akkadian mythology, Sumerian mythology)
Phenex (Christian demonology)
Penemue (Jewish and Christian demonology)
Pithius (Christian demonology)
Pruflas (Christian demonology)
Pruslas (Christian demonology)
Puloman (Hindu demonology)
Purson/Curson (Christian demonology)

Q
R

Rahab (Jewish folklore)
Raim (Christian demonology)
Raum (Christian demonology)
Ronove (Christian demonology)
Ronwe (Christian demonology)
Rusalka (Slavic mythology)
Rakshasa (Hinduism)
Rangda (Hinduism)
Ravan (Hinduism)

S

Sabnock (Christian demonology)
Saleos (Christian demonology)
Samael (Jewish demonology)
Satan (or Shaytan) (Jewish demonology, Christian demonology, Islamic demonology)
Salpsan[1]
Scox (Christian demonology)
Seir (Christian demonology)
Semyaz (Jewish demonology)
Shax/Chax (Christian demonology)
Shedim (Jewish folklore)
Sitri (Christian demonology)
Sthenno (Greek mythology)
Stolas/Solas (Christian demonology)
Succubus (Sumerian mythology, Akkadian mythology, Jewish folklore, Christian demonology)
Surgat (Christian demonology)

T

Tannin (Jewish demonology)

U

Ukobach (Christian demonology)
Uvall (Christian demonology)

V

Valac (Christian demonology)
Valefar/Malaphar/Malephar (Christian demonology)
Vapula (Christian demonology)
Vassago (Christian demonology)
Vepar (Christian demonology)
Vephar (Christian demonology)
Vine (Christian demonology)

W
X

Xaphan (Christian demonology)
Xezbeth (demonology)[clarification needed]

Y

Yeqon
Yeter'el

Z

Zagan (Christian demonology)
Zepar (Christian demonology)
Ziminiar (Christian demonology)

See also

Classification of demons
Demonology
Diabolical signature
Fallen angel
Hell
List of deities
List of fictional demons
List of legendary creatures
Names of the demons

References

^ books.google.com/books?id=NnMA_M9mDW8C&pg=PT87&dq=Salpsan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=aOfQUK71OIL40gHzsIDoDg&ved=0CGEQ6AEwCA

Categories:

Demons
Lists of legendary creatures

Navigation menu

Create account
Log in

Article
Talk

Read
Edit
View history

Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikimedia Shop

Interaction

Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact Wikipedia

Toolbox
Print/export
Languages

Español
Italiano
Nederlands
日本語
Português
中文
Edit links

This page was last modified on 30 April 2013 at 05:18.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Mobile view

Wikimedia Foundation
Powered by MediaWiki

[Gloria]

lovem

[Gloria]

LIBER TERTIVS LYGDAMI ALIORVMQUE ELEGIAE

I

Martis Romani festae uenere kalendae
- exoriens nostris hic fuit annus auis -
et uaga nunc certa discurrunt undique pompa
perque uias urbis munera perque domos.
Dicite, Pierides, quonam donetur honore 5
seu mea, seu fallor, cara Neaera tamen.
Carmine formosae, pretio capiuntur auare:
gaudeat, ut digna est, uersibus illa meis.
Lutea sed niueum inuoluat membrana libellum,
pumex et canas tondeat ante comas, 10
summaque praetexat tenuis fastigia chartae
indicet ut nomen littera facta tuum,
atque inter geminas pingantur cornua frontes:
sic etenim comptum mittere oportet opus.
Per uos, auctores huius mihi carminis, oro 15
Castaliamque umbram Pieriosque lacus,
ite domum cultumque illi donate libellum,
sicut erit: nullus defluat inde color.
Illa mihi referet, si nostri mutua cura est,
an minor, an toto pectore deciderim. 20
Sed primum meritam larga donate salute
atque haec submisso dicite uerba sono:
"Haec tibi uir quondam, nunc frater, casta Neaera,
mittit et accipias munera parua rogat,
teque suis iurat caram magis esse medullis, 25
siue sibi coniunx siue futura soror;
sed potius coniunx: huius spem nominis illi
auferet extincto pallida Ditis aqua."

II

Qui primus caram iuueni carumque puellae
eripuit iuuenem, ferreus ille fuit;
durus et ille fuit, qui tantum ferre dolorem,
uiuere et erepta coniuge qui potuit.
Non ego firmus in hoc, non haec patientia nostro 5
ingenio: frangit fortia corda dolor;
nec mihi uera loqui pudor est uitaeque fateri,
tot mala perpessae, taedia nata meae.
Ergo cum tenuem fuero mutatus in umbram
candidaque ossa supra nigra fauilla teget, 10
ante meum ueniat longos incompta capillos
et fleat ante meum maesta Neaera rogum;
sed ueniat carae matris comitata dolore:
maereat haec genero, maereat illa uiro.
Praefatae ante meos manes animamque precatae 15
perfusaeque pias ante liquore manus,
pars quae sola mei superabit corporis, ossa
incinctae nigra candida ueste legent
et primum annoso spargent collecta lyaeo,
mox etiam niueo lacte parent, 20
post haec carbaseis umorem tollere uelis
atque in marmorea ponere sicca domo.
Illic quas mittit diues Panchaia merces
Eoique Arabes, diues et Assyria,
et nostri memores lacrimae fundantur eodem: 25
sic ego componi uersus in ossa uelim.
Sed tristem mortis demonstret littera causam
atque haec in celebri carmina fronte notet:
LYGDAMVS HIC SITVS EST: DOLOR HVIC ET CVRA NEAERAE,
CONIVGIS EREPTAE, CAVSA PERIRE FVIT 30

III

Quid prodest caelum uotis implesse, Neaera,
blandaque cum multa tura dedisse prece,
non ut marmorei prodirem e limine tecti,
insignis clara conspicuusque domo,
aut ut multa mei renouarent iugera tauri 5
et magnas messes terra benigna daret,
sed tecum ut longae sociarem gaudia uitae
inque tuo caderet nostra senecta sinu,
tum cum permenso defunctus tempore lucis
nudus Lethaea cogerer ire rate? 10
Nam graue quid prodest pondus mihi diuitis auri,
aruaque si findant pinguia mille boues?
Quidue domus prodest Phrygiis innixa columnis,
Taenare siue tuis, siue Caryste tuis,
et nemora in domibus sacros imitantia lucos 15
aurataeque trabes marmoreumque solum?
Quidue in Erythraeo legitur quae litore concha
tinctaque Sidonio murice lana iuuat,
et quae praeterea populus miratur? In illis
inuidia est: falso plurima uulgus amat. 20
Non opibus mentes hominum curaeque leuantur
nec Fortuna sua tempora lege regit.
Sit mihi paupertas tecum iucunda, Neaera:
at sine te regum munera nulla uolo.
O niueam quae te poterit mihi reddere lucem! 25
O mihi felicem terque quaterque diem!
At si, pro dulci reditu quaecumque uouentur,
audiat auersa non meus aure deus,
nec me regna iuuant nec Lydius aurifer amnis
nec quas terrarum sustinet orbis opes. 30
Haec alii cupiant; liceat mihi paupere cultu
securo cara coniuge posse frui.
Adsis et timidis faueas, Saturnia, uotis,
et faueas concha, Cypria, uecta tua.
Aut si fata negant reditum tristesque sorores, 35
stamina quae ducunt quaeque futura neunt,
me uocet in uastos amnes nigramque paludem
diues in ignaua luridus Orcus aqua.

IV

Di meliora ferant, nec sint mihi somnia uera,
quae tulit hesterna pessima nocte quies.
Ite procul uani falsique auertite uisus,
desinite in nobis quaerere uelle fidem.
Diui uera monent, uenturae nuntia sortis 5
uera monent Tuscis exta probata uiris;
somnia fallaci ludunt temeraria nocte
et pauidas mentes falsa timere iubent;
et natum in curas hominum genus omina noctis
farre pio placant et saliente sale! 10
Et tamen, utcumque est, siue illi uera moneri,
mendaci somno credere siue uolent,
efficiat uanos noctis Lucina timores
et frustra inmeritum pertimuisse uelit,
si mea nec turpi mens est obnoxia facto 15
nec laesit magnos impia lingua deos.
Iam Nox aetherium nigris emensa quadrigis
mundum cacruleo lauerat amne rotas,
nec me sopierat menti deus utilis aegrae:
Somnus sollicitas deficit ante domos. 20
Tandem, cum summo Phoebus prospexit ab ortu,
pressit languentis lumina sera quies.
Hic iuuenis casta redimitus tempora lauro
est uisus nostra ponere sede pedem.
Non illo quicquam formosius ulla priorum 25
aetas, heroum nec tulit ulla domus.
Intonsi crines longa ceruice fluebant,
stillabat Syrio myrtea rore coma.
Candor erat qualem praefert Latonia Luna,
et color in niueo corpore purpureus, 30
ut iuueni primum uirgo deducta marito
inficitur teneras ore rubente genas,
et cum contexunt amarantis alba puellae
lilia et autumno candida mala rubent.
Ima uidebatur talis inludere palla: 35
namque haec in nitido corpore uestis erat.
Artis opus rarae, fulgens testudine et auro
pendebat laeua garrula parte lyra.
Hanc primum ueniens plectro modulatus eburno
felices cantus ore sonante dedit; 40
sed postquam fuerant digiti cum uoce locuti,
edidit haec dulci tristia uerba modo:
"Salue, cura deum: casto nam rite poetae
Phoebusque et Bacchus Pieridesque fauent;
sed proles Semelae Bacchus doctaeque sorores 45
dicere non norunt quid ferat hora sequens;
at mihi fatorum leges aeuisque futuri
euentura pater posse uidere dedit;
quare ego quae dico non fallax accipe uates
quodque deus uero Cynthius ore feram. 50
Tantum cara tibi quantum nec filia matri,
quantum nec cupido bella puella uiro,
pro qua sollicitas caelestia numina uotis,
quae tibi securos non sinit ire dies
et, cum te fusco Somnus uelauit amictu, 55
uanum nocturnis fallit imaginibus,
carminibus celebrata tuis formosa Neaera
alterius mauultl esse puella uiri,
diuersasque suas agitat mens impia curas,
nec gaudet casta nupta Neaera domo. 60
A crudele genus nec fidum femina nomen!
A pereat, didicit fallere si qua uirum!
Sed flecti poterit: mens est mutabilis illis;
tu modo cum multa bracchia tende fide.
Saeuus Amor docuit ualidos temptare labores, 65
saeuus Amor docuit uerbera posse pati.
Me quondam Admeti niueas pauisse iuuencas
non est in uanum fabula ficta iocum;
tunc ego nec cithara poteram gaudere sonora
nec similes chordis reddere uoce sonos, 70
sed perlucenti cantum meditabar auena
ille ego Latonae filius atque Iouis.
Nescis quid sit amor, iuuenis, si ferre recusas
immitem dominam coniugiumque ferum.
Ergo ne dubita blandas adhibere querellas: 75
uincuntur molli pectora dura prece.
Quod si uera canunt sacris oracula templis,
haec illi nostro nomine dicta refer:
hoc tibi conigium promittit Delius ipse;
felix hoc, alium desine uelle uirum." 80
Dixit, et ignauus defluxit corpore somnus.
A ego ne possim tanta uidere mala!
Nec tibi crediderim uotis contraria uota
nec tantum crimen pectore inesse tuo:
nam te nec uasti genuerunt aequora ponti 85
nec flammam uoluens ore Chimaera fero
nec canis anguinea redimitus terga caterua,
cui tres sunt linguae tergeminumque caput,
Scyllaque uirgineam canibus succincta figuram,
nec te conceptam saeua leaena tulit, 90
barbara nec Scythiae tellus horrendaue Syrtis,
sed culta et duris non habitanda domus
et longe ante alias omnes mitissima mater
isque pater quo non alter amabilior.
Haec deus in melius crudelia somnia uertat 95
et iubeat tepidos inrita ferre Notos.

V

Vos tenet, Etruscis manat quae fontibus unda,
unda sub aestiuum non adeunda Canem,
nunc autem sacris Baiarum proxima lymphis,
cum se purpureo uere remittit humus.
At mihi Persephone nigram denuntiat horam: 5
immerito iuueni parce nocere, dea.
Non ego temptauit nulli temeranda uirorum
audax laudandae sacra docere deae,
nec mea mortiferis infecit pocula sucis
dextera nec cuiquam trita uenena dedit, 10
nec nos sacrilegos templis admouimus ignes,
nec cor sollicitant facta nefanda meum,
nec nos insanae meditantes iurgia mentis
impia in aduersos soluimus ora deos.
Et nondum cani nigros laesere capillos, 15
nec uenit tardo curua senecta pede:
natalem primo nostrum uidere parentes,
cum cecidit fato consul uterque pari.
Quid fraudare iuuat uitem crescentibus uuis
et modo nata mala uellere poma manu? 20
Parcite, pallentes undas quicumque tenetis
duraque sortiti tertia regna dei.
Elysios olim liceat cognoscere campos
Lethaeamque ratem Cimmeriosque lacus,
cum mea rugosa pallebunt ora senecta 25
et referam pueris tempora prisca senex.
Atque utinam uano nequiquam terrear aestu!
Languent ter quinos sed mea membra dies.
At uobis Tuscae celebrantur numina lymphae
et facilis lenta pellitur unda manu. 30
Viuite felices, memores et uiuite nostri,
siue erimus seu nos fata fuisse uelint.
Interea nigras pecudes promittite Diti
et niuei lactis pocula mixta mero.

VI

Candide Liber, ades - sic sit tibi mystica uitis
semper, sic hedera tempora uincta feras -
aufer et, ipse, meum, pariter medicande, dolorem:
saepe tuo cecidit munere uictus amor.
Care puer, madeant generoso pocula baccho, 5
et nobis prona funde Falerna manu.
Ite procul durum curae genus, ite labores;
fulserit hic niueis Delius alitibus.
Vos modo proposito dulces faueatis amici,
neue neget quisquam me duce se comitem, 10
aut si quis uini certamen mite recusat,
fallat eum tecto cara puella dolo.
Ille facit dites animos deus, ille ferocem
contundit et dominae misit in arbitrium,
Armenias tigres et fuluas ille leaenas 15
uicit et indomitis mollia corda dedit.
Haec Amor et maiora ualet; sed poscite Bacchi
munera: quem uestrum pocula sicca iuuant?
Conuenit ex aequo nec toruus Liber in illis
qui se quique una uina iocosa colunt, 20
nunc uenit iratus nimium nimiumque seueris:
qui timet irati numina magna, bibat.
Quales his poenas qualis quantusque minetur,
Cadmeae matris praeda cruenta docet.
Sed procul a nobis hic sit timor, illaque, si qua est, 25
quid ualeat laesi sentiat ira dei.
Quid precor a demens? Venti temeraria uota,
aeriae et nubes diripienda ferant.
Quamuis nulla mei superest tibi cura, Neaera,
sis felix et sint candida fata tua. 30
At nos securae reddamus tempora mensae:
uenit post multos una serena dies.
Ei mihi, difficile est imitari gaudia falsa,
difficile est tristi fingere mente iocum,
nec bene mendaci risus componitur ore, 35
nec bene sollicitis ebria uerba sonant.
Quid queror infelix? Turpes discedite curae:
odit Lanaeus tristia uerba pater.
Gnosia, Theseae quondam periuria linguae
fleuisti ignoto sola relicta mari: 40
sic cecinit pro te doctus, Minoi, Catullus
ingrati referens impia facta uiri.
Vos ego nunc moneo: felix, quicumque dolore
alterius disces posse cauere tuos.
Nec uos aut capiant pendentia bracchia collo 45
aut fallat blanda sordida lingua fide;
etsi perque suos fallax iurauit ocellos
Iononemque suam perque suam Venerem,
nulla fides inerit: periuria ridet amantum
Iuppiter et uentos inrita ferre iubet. 50
Ergo quid totiens fallacis uerba puellae
conqueror? Ite a me, seria uerba, precor.
Quam uellem tecum longas requiescere noctes
et tecum longos peruigilare dies,
perfida nec merito nobis inimica merenti, 55
perfida, sed, quamuis perfida, cara tamen!
Naida Bacchus amat: cessas, o lente minister?
Temperet annosum Marcia lympha merum.
Non ego, si fugit nostrae conuiuia mensae
ignotum cupiens uana puella torum, 60
sollicitus repetam tota suspiria nocte.
Tu, puer, i, liquidum fortius adde merum.
Iam dudum Syrio madefactus tempora nardo
debueram sertis implicuisse comas.

VII

Panegyricus Messallae
Te, Messalla, canam, quamquam me cognita uirtus
terret; ut infirmae nequeant subsistere uires,
incipiam tamen, ac meritas si carmina laudes
deficiant, - humilis tantis sim conditor actis
nec tua praeter te chartis intexere quisquam 5
facta queat, dictis ut non maiora supersint, -
est nobis uoluisse satis; nec munera parua
respueris: etiam Phoebo gratissima dona
Cres tulit, et cunctis Baccho iucundior hospes
Icarus, ut puro testantur sidera caelo 10
Erigoneque Canisque, neget ne longior aetas;
quin etiam Alcides, deus ascensurus Olympum,
laeta Molorcheis posuit uestigia tectis,
paruaque caelestis placauit mica, nec illis
semper inaurato taurus cadit hostia cornu. 15
Hic quoque sit gratus paruus labor, ut tibi possim
inde alios alioque memor componere uersus.
Alter dicat opus magni mirabile mundi,
qualis in immenso desederit aere tellus,
qualis et in curuum pontus confluxerit orbem, 20
et uagus, e terris qua surgere nititur, aer,
huic et contextus passim fluat igneus aether,
pendentique super claudantur ut omnia caelo;
at quodcumque meae poterunt audere camenae,
seu tibi par poterunt seu, quod spes abnuit, ultra 25
siue minus ( certeque canent minus), omne uouemus
hoc tibi, nec tanto careat mihi carmine charta.
Nam quamquam antiquae gentis superant tibi laudes,
non tua maiorum contenta est gloria fama
nec quaeris quid quaque index sub imagine dicat, 30
sed generis priscos contendis uincere honores,
quam tibi maiores maius decus ipse futuris:
at tua non titulus capiet sub nomine facta,
aeterno sed erunt tibi magna uolumina uersu,
conuenientque tuas cupidi componere laudes 35
undique quique canent uincto pede quique soluto;
quis potius, certamen erit: sim uictor in illis,
ut nostrum tantis inscribam nomen in actis.
Nam quis te maiora gerit castrisue foroue?
Nec tamen hic aut hic tibi laus maiorue minorue, 40
iusta pari premitur ueluti cum pondere libra,
prona nec hac plus parte sedet nec surgit ab illa,
qualis, inaequatum si quando onus urget utrimque,
instabilis natat alterno depressior orbe.
Nam seu diuersi fremat inconstantia uulgi, 45
non alius sedare queat; seu iudicis ira
sit placanda, tuis poterit mitescere uerbis.
Non Pylos aut Ithace tantos genuisse feruntur
Nestora uel paruae magnum decus urbis Vlixem,
uixerit ille senex quamuis, dum terna per orbem 50
saecula fertilibus Titan decurreret horis,
ille per ignotas audax errauerit urbes,
qua maris extremis tellus includitur undis:
nam Ciconumque manus aduersis reppulit armis,
nec ualuit lotos coeptos auertere cursus, 55
cessit et Aetnaeae Neptunius incola rupis
uicta Maroneo foedatus lumina baccho;
uexit et Aeolios placidum per Nerea uentos,
incultos adiit Laestrygonas Antiphatenque,
nobilis Artacie gelida quos inrigat unda; 60
solum nec doctae uerterunt pocula Circes,
quamuis illa foret Solis genus, apta uel herbis
aptaque uel cantu ueteres mutare figuras;
Cimmerion etiam obscuras accessit ad arces,
quis numquam candente dies apparuit ortu, 65
seu supra terras Phoebus seu curreret infra;
uidit ut inferno Plutonis subdita regno
magna deum proles leuibus discurreret umbris,
praeteriitque cita Sirenum litora puppi;
illum inter geminae nantem confinia mortis 70
nec Scyllae saeuo conterruit impetus ore,
cum canibus rabidas inter fera serperet undas,
nec uiolenta suo consumpsit more Charybdis,
uel si sublimis fluctu consurgeret imo,
uel si interrupto nudaret gurgite pontum. 75
Non uiolata uagi sileantur pascua Solis,
non amor et fecunda Atlantidos arua Calypsus,
finis et erroris miseri Phaeacia tellus.
Atque haec seu nostras inter sunt cognita terras,
fabula siue nouum dedit his erroribus orbem, 80
sit labor illius, tua dum facundia maior.
Iam te non alius belli tenet aptius artes,
qua deceat tutam castris praeducere fossam,
qualiter aduersos hosti defigere ceruos,
quemue locum ducto melius sit claudere uallo, 85
fontis ubi dulces erumpat terra liquores,
ut facilisque tuis aditus sit et arduus hosti,
laudis ut adsiduo uigeat certamine miles,
quis tardamue sudem melius celeremue sagittam
iecerit aut lento perfregerit obuia pilo, 90
aut quis equum celeremue arto compescere freno
possit et effusas tardo permittere habenas
inque uicem modo directo contendere passu,
seu libeat, curuo breuius conuertere gyro,
quis parma, seu dextra uelit seu laeua, tueri, 95
siue hac siue illac ueniat grauis impetus hastae
amplior aut signata cita loca tangere funda.
Iam simul audacis uenient certamina Martis
aduersisque parent acies concurrere signis,
tum tibi non desit faciem componere pugnae, 100
seu sit opus quadratum acies consistat in agmen,
rectus ut aequatis decurrat frontibus ordo,
seu libeat duplicem seiunctim cernere martem,
dexter uti laeuum teneat dextrumque sinister
miles sitque duplex gemini uictoria casus. 105
At non per dubias errant mea carmina laudes:
nam bellis experta cano. Testis mihi uictae
fortis Iapydiae miles, testis quoque fallax
Pannonius, gelidas passim disiectus in Alpes,
testis Arupinis et pauper natus in aruis, 110
quem si quis uideat uetus ut non fregerit aetas,
terna minus Pyliae miretur saecula famae:
namque senex longae peragit dum tempora uitae, 112b
centum fecundos Titan renouauerit annos,
ipse tamen uelox celerem super edere corpus
audet equum ualidisque sedet moderator habenis. 115
Te duce non alias conuersus terga Domator
libera Romanae subiecit colla catenae.
Nec tamen his contentus eris: maiora peractis
instant, compertum est ueracibus ut mihi signis,
quis Amythaonius nequeat certare Melampus. 120
Nam modo fulgentem Tyrio subtegmine uestem
indueras oriente die duce fertilis anni,
splendidior liquidis cum Sol caput extulit undis
et fera discordes tenuerunt flamina uenti,
curua nec adsuetos egerunt flumina cursus, 125
quin rapidum placidis etiam mare constitit undis,
ulla nec aerias uolucris perlabitur auras
nec quadrupes densas depascitur aspera siluas,
quin largita tuis sunt muta silentia uotis.
Iuppiter ipse leui uectus per inania curru 130
adfuit et caelo uicinum liquit Olympum
intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure
cunctaque ueraci capite adnuit: additus aris
laetior eluxit structos super ignis aceruos.
Quin hortante deo magnis insistere rebus 135
incipe; non idem tibi sint aliisque triumphi:
non te uicino remorabitur obuia marte
Gallia nec latis audax Hispania terris
nec fera Theraeo tellus obsessa colono,
nec qua uel Nilus uel regia lympha Choaspes 140
profluit aut rapidus, Cyri dementia, Gyndes,
aret Araccaeis aut unda Oroatia campis,
nec qua regna uago Tomyris finiuit Araxe,
impia nec saeuis celebrans conuiuia mensis
ultima uicinus Phoebo tenet arua Padaeus, 145
quaque Hebrus Tanaisque Getas rigat atque Magynos.
Quid moror? Oceanus ponto qua continet orbem,
nulla tibi aduersis regio sese offeret armis.
Te manet inuictus Romano marte Britannus
teque interiecto mundi pars altera sole. 150
Nam circumfuso consistit in aere tellus
et quinque in partes toto disponitur orbe.
Atque duae gelido uastantur frigore semper:
illic et densa tellus absconditur umbra,
et nulla incepto perlabitur unda liquore, 155
sed durata riget densam in glaciemque niuemque,
quippe ubi non umquam Titan super egerit ortus.
At media est Phoebi semper subiecta calori,
seu propior terris aestiuum fertur in orbem
seu celer hibernas properat decurrere luces; 160
non igitur presso tellus exsurgit aratro,
nec frugem segetes praebent neque pabula terrae;
non illic colit arua deus, Bacchusue Ceresue,
nulla nec exustas habitant animalia partes.
Fertilis hanc inter posita est interque rigentes 165
nostraque et huic aduersa solo pars altera nostro,
quas similis utrimque tenens uicinia caeli
temperat, alter et alterius uires necat aer;
hinc placidus nobis per tempora uertitur annus,
hinc et colla iugo didicit submittere taurus 170
et lenta excelsos uitis conscendere ramos,
tondeturque seges maturos annua partus,
et ferro tellus, pontus confinditur aere,
quin etiam structis exsurgunt oppida muris.
Ergo ubi per claros ierint tua facta triumphos, 175
solus utroque idem diceris magnus in orbe.
Non ego sum satis ad tantae praeconia laudis,
ipse mihi non si praescribat carmina Phoebus.
Est tibi, qui possit magnis se accingere rebus,
Valgius: aeterno propior non alter Homero. 180
Languida non noster peragit labor otia, quamuis
Fortuna, ut mos est illi, me aduersa fatiget.
Nam mihi, cum magnis opibus domus alta niteret,
cui fuerant flaui ditantes ordine sulci
horrea fecundas ad deficientia messis, 185
cuique pecus denso pascebant agmine colles,
et domino satis et nimium furique lupoque,
nunc desiderium superest: nam cura nouatur,
cum memor ante actos semper dolor admonet annos.
Sed licet asperiora cadant spolierque relictis, 190
non te deficient nostrae memorare camenae.
Nec solum tibi Pierii tribuentur honores:
pro te uel rapidas ausim maris ire per undas,
aduersis hiberna licet tumeant freta uentis,
pro te uel densis solus subsistere turmis 195
uel paruum Aetnaeae corpus committere flammae.
Sum quodcumque, tuum est. Nostri si paruula cura
sit tibi, quanta libet, si sit modo, non mihi regna
Lydia, non magni potior sit fama Gylippi,
posse Meleteas nec mallem uincere chartas. 200
Quod tibi si uersus noster, totusue minusue,
uel bene sit notus, summo uel inerret in ore,
nulla mihi statuunt finem te fata canendi.
Quin etiam mea tunc tumulus cum texerit ossa,
seu matura dies celerem properat mihi mortem, 205
longa manet seu uita, tamen, mutata figura
seu me finget equum rigidos percurrere campos
doctum seu tardi pecoris sim gloria taurus
siue ego per liquidum uolucris uehar aera pennis,
quandocumque hominem me longa receperit aetas, 210
inceptis de te subtexam carmina chartis.

De Sulpici Incerti Auctoris Elegiae

VIII

Sulpicia est tibi culta tuis, Mars magne, kalendis;
spectatum e caelo, si sapis, ipse ueni;
hoc Venus ignoscet; at tu, uiolente, caueto
ne tibi miranti turpiter arma cadant:
illius ex oculis, cum uult exurere diuos, 5
accendit geminas lampadas acer Amor.
Illam, quidquid agit, quoquo uestigia mouit,
componit furtim subsequiturque Decor;
seu soluit crines, fusis decet esse capillis:
seu composit, comptis est ueneranda comis. 10
Vrit, seu Tyria uoluit procedere palla:
urit, seu niuea candida ueste uenit.
Talis in aeterno felix Vertumnus Olympo
mille habet ornatus, mille decenter habet.
Sola puellarum digna est cui mollia caris 15
uellera det sucis bis madefacta Tyros,
possideatque, metit quidquid bene olentibus aruis
cultor odoratae diues Arabs segetis,
et quascumque niger rubro de litore gemmas
proximus Eois colligit Indus aquis. 20
Hanc uos, Pierides, festis cantate kalendis,
et testudinea Phoebe superbe lyra.
Hoc sollemne sacrum multos haec sumet in annos:
dignior est uestro nulla puella choro.

IX

Parce meo iuueni, seu quis bona pascua campi
seu colis umbrosi deuia montis aper,
neu tibi sit duros acuisse in proelia dentes;
incolumem custos hunc mihi seruet Amor.
Sed procul abducit uenandi Delia cura: 5
o pereant siluae deficiantque canes!
Quis furor est, quae mens, densos indagine colles
claudentem teneras laedere uelle manus?
Quidue iuuat furtim latebras intrare ferarum
candidaque hamatis crura notare rubis? 10
Sed tamen, ut tecum liceat, Cerinthe, uagari,
ipsa ego per montes retia torta feram,
ipsa ego uelocis quaeram uestigia cerui
et demam celeri ferrea uincla cani.
Tunc mihi, tunc placeant siluae, si, lux mea, tecum 15
arguar ante ipsas concubuisse plagas:
tunc ueniat licet ad casses, inlaesus abibit,
ne ueneris cupidae gaudia turbet, aper.
Nunc sine me sit nulla Venus, sed lege Dianae,
caste puer, casta retia tange manu: 20
et, quaecumque meo furtim subrepit amori,
incidat in saeuas diripienda feras.
At tu uenandi studium concede parenti,
et celer in nostros ipse recurre sinus.

X

Huc ades et tenerae morbos expelle puellae,
huc ades, intonsa Phoebe superbe coma;
crede mihi, propera, nec te iam, Phoebe, pigebit
formosae medicas applicuisse manus.
Effice ne macies pallentes occupet artus, 5
neu notet informis candida membra color,
et quodcumque mali est et quidquid triste timemus,
in pelagus rapidis euehat amnis aquis.
Sancte, ueni, tecumque feras, quicumque sapores,
quicumque et cantus corpora fessa leuant; 10
neu iuuenem torque, metuit qui fata puellae
uotaque pro domina uix numeranda facit;
interdum uouet, interdum, quod langueat illa,
dicit in aeternos aspera uerba deos.
Pone metum, Cerinthe: deus non laedit amantes; 15
tu modo semper ama: salua puella tibi est;
nil opus est fletu: lacrimis erit aptius uti, 21
si quando fuerit tristior illa tibi. 22
At nunc tota tua est, te solum candida secum 17
cogitat, et frustra credula turba sedet.
Phoebe, faue: laus magna tibi tribuetur in uno
corpore seruato restituisse duos. 20
Iam celeber, iam laetus eris, cum debita reddet 23
certatim sanctis laetus uterque focis;
tunc te felicem dicet pia turba deorum, 25
optabunt artes et sibi quisque tuas.

XI

Qui mihi te, Cerinthe, dies dedit, hic mihi sanctus
atque inter festos semper habendus erit:
te nascente nouum Parcae cecinere puellis
seruitium et dederunt regna superba tibi.
Vror ego ante alias: iuuat hoc, Cerinthe, quod uror, 5
si tibi de nobis mutuus ignis adest;
mutuus adsit amor, per te dulcissima furta
perque tuos oculos per Geniumque rogo.
Mane Geni, cape tura libens uotisque faueto,
si modo, cum de me cogitat, ille calet. 10
Quod si forte alios iam nunc suspiret amores,
tunc precor infidos, sancte, relinque focos.
Nec tu sis iniusta, Venus: uel seruiat aeque
uinctus uterque tibi uel mea uincla leua;
sed potius ualida teneamur uterque catena, 15
nulla queat posthac quam soluisse dies.
Optat idem iuuenis quod nos, sed tectius optat:
nam pudet haec illum dicere uerba palam.
At tu, Natalis, quoniam deus omnia sentis,
adnue: quid refert, clamne palamne roget? 20

XII

Natalis Iuno, sanctos cape turis aceruos,
quos tibi dat tenera docta puella manu;
tota tibi est hodie, tibi se laetissima compsit,
staret ut ante tuos conspicienda focos.
Illa quidem ornandi causas tibi, diua, relegat; 5
est tamen, occulte cui placuisse uelit.
At tu, sancta, faue, neu quis diuellat amantes,
sed iuueni, quaeso, mutua uincla para.
Sic bene compones: ullae non ille puellae
seruire aut cuiquam dignior illa uiro. 10
Nec possit cupidos uigilans deprendere custos
fallendique uias mille ministret Amor.
Adnue purpureaque ueni perlucida palla:
ter tibi fit libo, ter, dea casta, mero;
praecipit et natae mater studiosa, quod optat: 15
illa aliud tacita iam sua mente rogat;
uritur, ut celeres urunt altaria flammae,
nec, liceat quamuis, sana fuisse uelit.
Sis iuueni grata ac, ueniet cum proximus annus,
hic idem uotis iam uetus exstet amor. 20

Sulpiciae Elegidia

XIII

Tandem uenit amor, qualem texisse pudori
quam nudasse alicui sit mihi fama magis.
Exorata meis illum Cytherea Camenis
attulit in nostrum deposuitque sinum.
Exsoluit promissa Venus: mea gaudia narret, 5
dicetur si quis non habuisse sua.
Non ego signatis quicquam mandare tabellis,
ne legat id nemo quam meus ante, uelim,
sed peccasse iuuat, uultus componere famae
taedet: cum digno digna fuisse ferar. 10

XIV

Inuisus natalis adest, qui rure molesto
et sine Cerintho tristis agendus erit.
Dulcius urbe quid est? An uilla sit apta puellae
atque Arretino frigidus amnis agro?
Iam, nimium Messalla mei studiose, quiescas; 5
non tempestiuae saepe, propinque, uiae.
Hic animum sensusque meos abducta relinquo
arbitrio, quamuis non sinis esse, meo.

XV

Scis iter ex animo sublatum triste puellae?
Natali Romae iam licet esse tuo.
Omnibus ille dies nobis natalis agatur,
qui nec opinanti nunc tibi forte uenit.

XVI

Gratum est, securus multum quod iam tibi de me
permittis, subito ne male inepta cadam.
Sit tibi cura togae potior pressumque quasillo
scortum quam Serui filia Sulpicia:
solliciti sunt pro nobis, quibus illa dolori est 5
ne cedam ignoto maxima causa toro.

XVII

Estne tibi, Cerinthe, tuae pia cura puellae,
quod mea nunc uexat corpora fessa calor?
A ego non aliter tristes euincere morbos
optarim, quam te si quoque uelle putem.
At mihi quid prosit morbos euincere, si tu 5
nostra potes lento pectore ferre mala?

XVIII

Ne tibi sim, mea lux, aeque iam feruida cura
ac uideor paucos ante fuisse dies,
si quicquam tota commisi stulta iuuenta
cuius me fatear paenituisse magis,
hesterna quam te solum quod nocte reliqui, 5
ardorem cupiens dissimulare meum.

Incerti Auctoris

XIX

Nulla tuum nobis subducet femina lectum:
hoc primum iuncta est foedere nostra uenus.
Tu mihi sola places, nec iam te praeter in urbe
formosa est oculis ulla puella meis.
Atque utinam posses uni mihi bella uideri! 5
Displiceas aliis: sic ego tutus ero.
Nil opus inuidia est, procul absit gloria uulgi:
qui sapit, in tacito gaudeat ille sinu.
Sic ego secretis possum bene uiuere siluis,
qua nulla humano sit uia trita pede. 10
Tu mihi curarum requies, tu nocte uel atra
lumen, et in solis tu mihi turba locis.
Nunc licet e caelo mittatur amica Tibullo,
mittetur frustra deficietque Venus;
hoc tibi sancta tuae Iunonis numina iuro, 15
quae sola ante alios est mihi magna deos.
Quid facio demens? Heu! heu! mea pignora cedo;
iuraui stulte: proderat iste timor.
Nunc tu fortis eris, nunc tu me audacius ures:
hoc peperit misero garrula lingua malum. 20
Iam faciam quodcumque uoles, tuus usque manebo,
nec fugiam notae seruitium dominae,
sed Veneris sanctae considam uinctus ad aras:
haec notat iniustos supplicibusque fauet.

XX

Rumor ait crebro nostram peccare puellam
nunc ego me surdis auribus esse uelim.
Crimina non haec sunt nostro sine facta dolore:
quid miserum torques, rumor acerbe? Tace.

Domiti Marsi

Te quoque Vergilio comitem non aequa, Tibulle,
Mors iuvenem campos misit ad Elysios
ne foret aut elegis molles qui fleret amores
aut caneret forti regia bella pede.

Tibullus The Latin Library The Classics Page

[Gloria]

fulgens

[Gloria]

Quamtotius

[Gloria]

A. TIBVLLI ELEGIAE LIBER SECVNDVS

I

Quisquis adest, faueat: fruges lustramus et agros,
ritus ut a prisco traditus extat auo.
Bacche, ueni, dulcisque tuis e cornibus uua
pendeat, et spicis tempora cinge, Ceres.
luce sacra requiescat humus, requiescat arator,
et graue suspenso uomere cesset opus.
soluite uincla iugis: nunc ad praesepia debent
plena coronato stare boues capite.
omnia sint operata deo: non audeat ulla
lanificam pensis imposuisse manum.
uos quoque abesse procul iubeo, discedat ab aris,
cui tulit hesterna gaudia nocte Venus.
casta placent superis: pura cum ueste uenite
et manibus puris sumite fontis aquam.
cernite, fulgentes ut eat sacer agnus ad aras
uinctaque post olea candida turba comas.
di patrii, purgarnus agros, purgamus agrestes:
uos mala de nostris pellite limitibus,
neu seges eludat messem fallacibus herbis,
neu timeat celeres tardior agna lupos.
tunc nitidus plenis confisus rusticus agris
ingeret ardenti grandia ligna foco,
turbaque uernarum, saturi bona signa coloni,
ludet et ex uirgis extruet ante casas.
euentura precor: uiden ut felicibus extis
significet placidos nuntia fibra deos?
nunc mihi fumosos ueteris proferte Falernos
consulis et Chio soluite uincla cado.
uina diem celebrent: non festa luce madere
est rubor, errantes et male ferre pedes.
sed 'bene Messallam' sua quisque ad pocula dicat,
nomen et absentis singula uerba sonent.
gentis Aquitanae celeber Messalla triumphis
et magna intonsis gloria uictor auis,
huc ades aspiraque mihi, dum carmine nostro
redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus.
rura cano rurisque deos. his uita magistris
desueuit querna pellere glande famem:
illi compositis primum docuere tigillis
exiguam uiridi fronde operire domum:
illi etiam tauros primi docuisse feruntur
seruitium et plaustro supposuisse rotam.
tum uictus abiere feri, tum consita pomus,
tum bibit inriguas fertilis hortus aquas,
aurea tum pressos pedibus dedit uua liquores
mixtaque securo est sobria lympha mero.
rura ferunt messes, calidi cum sideris aestu
deponit flauas annua terra comas.
rure leuis uerno flores apis ingerit alueo,
compleat ut dulci sedula melle fauos.
agricola adsiduo primum satiatus aratro
cantauit certo rustica uerba pede
et satur arenti primum est modulatus auena
carmen, ut ornatos diceret ante deos,
agricola et minio suffusus, Bacche, rubenti
primus inexperta duxit ab arte choros.
huic datus a pleno memorabile munus ouili
dux pecoris curtas auxerat hircus opes.
rure puer uerno primum de flore coronam
fecit et antiquis imposuit Laribus.
rure etiam teneris curam exhibitura puellis
molle gerit tergo lucida uellus ouis.
hinc et femineus labor est, hinc pensa colusque,
fusus et adposito pollice uersat opus:
atque aliqua adsiduae textrix operata mineruae
cantat, et a pulso tela sonat latere.
ipse quoque inter agros interque armenta Cupido
natus et indomitas dicitur inter equas.
illic indocto primum se exercuit arcu:
ei mihi, quam doctas nunc habet ille manus!
nec pecudes, uelut ante, petit: fixisse puellas
gestit et audaces perdomuisse uiros.
hic iuueni detraxit opes, hic dicere iussit
limen ad iratae uerba pudenda senem:
hoc duce custodes furtim transgressa iacentes
ad iuuenem tenebris sola puella uenit
et pedibus praetemptat iter suspensa timore,
explorat caecas cui manus ante uias.
a miseri, quos hic grauiter deus urget! at ille
felix, cui placidus leniter adflat Amor.
sancte, ueni dapibus festis, sed pone sagittas
et procul ardentes hinc precor abde faces.
uos celebrem cantate deum pecorique uocate
uoce: palam pecori, clam sibi quisque uocet.
aut etiam sibi quisque palam: nam rurba iocosa
obstrepit et Phrygio tibia curua sono.
ludite: iam Nox iungit equos, currumque sequuntur
matris lasciuo sidera fulua choro,
postque uenit tacitus furuis circumdatus alis
Somnus et incerto Somnia nigra pede.

II

Dicamus bona uerba: uenit Natalis ad aras:
quisquis ades, lingua, uir mulierque, faue.
urantur pia tura focis, urantur odores
quos tener e terra diuite mittit Arabs.
ipse suos Clenius adsit uisurus honores,
cui decorent sanctas mollia serta comas.
illius puro destillent tempora nardo,
atque satur libo sit madeatque mero,
adnuat et, Cornute, tibi, quodcumque rogabis.
en age (quid cessas? adnuit ille) roga.
auguror, uxoris fidos optabis amores:
iam reor hoc ipsos edidicisse deos.
nec tibi malueris, totum quaecumque per orbem
fortis arat ualido rusticus arua boue,
nec tibi, gemmarum quidquid felicibus Indis
nascitur, Eoi qua maris unda rubet.
uota cadunt: utinam strepitantibus aduolet alis
flauaque coniugio uincula portet Amor,
uincula quae maneant semper dum tarda senectus
inducat rugas inficiatque comas.
haec ueniat, Natalis, auis prolemque ministret,
ludat et ante tuos turba nouella pedes.

III

Rura meam, Cornute, tenent uillaeque puellam:
ferreus est, heu heu, quisquis in urbe manet.
ipsa Venus latos iam nunc migrauit in agros,
uerbaque aratoris rustica discit Amor.
o ego, cum aspicerem dominam, quam fortiter illic
uersarem ualido pingue bidente solum
agricolaeque modo curuum sectarer aratrum,
dum subigunt steriles arua serenda boues!
nec quererer quod sol graciles exureret artus,
laederet et teneras pussula rupta manus.
pauit et Admeti tauros formosus Apollo,
nec cithara intonsae profueruntue comae,
nec potuit curas sanare salubribus herbis:
quidquid erat medicae uicerat artis amor.
ipse deus solitus stabulis expellere uaccas
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
et miscere nouo docuisse coagula lacte,
lacteus et mixtis obriguisse liquor.
tunc fiscella leui detexta est uimine iunci,
raraque per nexus est uia facta sero.
o quotiens illo uitulum gestante per agros
dicitur occurrens erubuisse soror!
o quotiens ausae, caneret dum ualle sub alta,
rumpere mugitu carmina docta boues!
saepe duces trepidis petiere oracula rebus,
uenit et a templis inrita turba domum:
saepe horrere sacros doluit Latona capillos,
quos admirata est ipsa nouerca prius.
quisquis inornatumque caput crinesque solutos
aspiceret, Phoebi quaereret ille comam.
Delos ubi nunc, Phoebe, tua est, ubi Delphica Pytho?
nempe Amor in parua te iubet esse casa.
felices olim, Veneri cum fertur aperte
seruire aeternos non puduisse deos.
fabula nunc ille est: sed cui sua cura puella est,
fabula sit mauult quam sine amore deus.
at tu, quisquis is es, cui tristi fronte Cupido
imperat ut nostra sint tua castra domo
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ferrea non uenerem sed praedam saecula laudant:
praeda tamen multis est operata malis.
praeda feras acies cinxit discordibus armis:
hinc cruor, hinc caedes mors propiorque uenit.
praeda uago iussit geminare pericula ponto,
bellica cum dubiis rostra dedit ratibus.
praedator cupit immensos obsidere campos,
ut multa innumera iugera pascat oue:
cui lapis externus curae est, urbisque tumultu
portatur ualidis mille columna iugis,
claudit et indomitum moles mare, lentus ut intra
neglegat hibernas piscis adesse minas.
at mihi laeta trahant Samiae conuiuia testae
fictaque Cumana lubrica terra rota.
heu heu diuitibus uideo gaudere puellas:
iam ueniant praedae, si Venus optat opes:
ut mea luxuria Nemesis fluat utque per urbem
incedat donis conspicienda meis.
illa gerat uestes tenues, quas femina Coa
texuit, auratas disposuitque uias:
illi sint comites fusci, quos India torret
Solis et admotis inficit ignis equis:
illi selectos certent praebere colores
Africa puniceum purpureumque Tyros.
nota loquor: regnum ipse tenet, quem saepe coegit
barbara gypsatos ferre catasta pedes.
at tibi, dura seges, Nemesim quae abducis ab urbe,
persoluat nulla semina Terra fide.
et tu, Bacche tener, iucundae consitor uuae,
tu quoque deuotos, Bacche, relinque lacus.
haud impune licet formosas tristibus agris
abdere: non tanti sunt tua musta, pater.
o ualeant fruges, ne sint modo rure puellae:
glans alat et prisco more bibantur aquae.
glans aluit ueteres, et passim semper amarunt:
quid nocuit sulcos non habuisse satos?
tunc, quibus aspirabat Amor, praebebat aperte
mitis in umbrosa gaudia ualle Venus.
nullus erat custos, nulla exclusura dolentes
ianua: si fas est, mos precor ille redi.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
horrida uillosa corpora ueste tegant.
nunc si clausa mea est, si copia rara uidendi,
heu miserum, laxam quid iuuat esse togam?
ducite: ad imperium dominae sulcabimus agros:
non ego me uinclis uerberibusque nego.

IV

Hic mihi seruitium uideo dominamque paratam:
iam mihi, libertas illa paterna, uale.
seruitium sed triste datur, teneorque catenis,
et numquam misero uincla remittit Amor,
et seu quid merui seu nil peccauimus, urit.
uror, io, remoue, saeua puella, faces.
o ego ne possim tales sentire dolores,
quam mallem in gelidis montibus esse lapis,
stare uel insanis cautes obnoxia uentis,
naufraga quam uasti tunderet unda maris!
nunc et amara dies et noctis amarior umbra est:
omnia nam tristi tempora felle madent.
nec prosunt elegi nec carminis auctor Apollo:
illa caua pretium flagitat usque manu.
ite procul, Musae, si non prodestis amanti:
non ego uos, ut sint bella canenda, colo,
nec refero Solisque uias et qualis, ubi orbem
compleuit, uersis Luna recurrit equis.
ad dominam faciles aditus per carmina quaero:
ite procul, Musae, si nihil ista ualent.
at mihi per caedem et facinus sunt dona paranda,
ne iaceam clausam flebilis ante domum:
aut rapiam suspensa sacris insignia fanis:
sed Venus ante alios est uiolanda mihi.
illa malum facinus suadet dominamque rapacem
dat mihi: sacrilegas sentiat illa manus.
o pereat quicumque legit uiridesque smaragdos
et niueam Tyrio murice tingit ouem.
addit auaritiae causas et Coa puellis
uestis et e Rubro lucida concha mari.
haec fecere malas: hinc clauim ianua sensit
et coepit custos liminis esse canis.
sed pretium si grande feras, custodia uicta est
nec prohibent claues et canis ipse tacet.
heu quicumque dedit fomlam caelestis auarae,
quale bonum multis attulit ille malis!
hinc fletus rixaeque sonant, haec denique causa
fecit ut infamis nunc deus erret Amor.
at tibi, quae pretio uictos excludis amantes,
eripiant partas uentus et ignis opes:
quin tua tunc iuuenes spectent incendia laeti,
nec quisquam flammae sedulus addat aquam.
seu ueniet tibi mors, nec erit qui lugeat ullus
nec qui det maestas munus in exsequias.
at bona quae nec auara fuit, centum licet annos
uixerit, ardentem flebitur ante rogum:
atque aliquis senior ueteres ueneratus amores
annua constructo serta dabit tumulo
et 'bene' discedens dicet 'placideque quiescas,
terraque securae sit super ossa leuis.'
uera quidem moneo, sed prosunt quid mihi uera?
illius est nobis lege colendus amor.
quin etiam sedes iubeat si uendere auitas,
ite sub imperium sub titulumque, Lares.
quidquid habet Circe, quidquid Medea ueneni,
quidquid et herbarum Thessala terra gerit,
et quod, ubi indomitis gregibus Venus adflat amores,
hippomanes cupidae stillat ab inguine equae,
si modo me placido uideat Nemesis mea uultu,
mille alias herbas misceat illa, bibam.

V

Phoebe, faue: nouus ingreditur tua templa sacerdos:
huc age cum cithara carminibusque ueni.
nunc te uocales impellere pollice chordas,
nunc precor ad laudes flectere uerba meas.
ipse triumphali deuinctus tempora lauro,
dum cumulant aras, ad tua sacra ueni.
sed nitidus pulcherque ueni: nunc indue uestem
sepositam, longas nunc bene pecte comas,
qualem te memorant Saturno rege fugato
uictori laudes concinuisse Ioui.
tu procul euentura uides, tibi deditus augur
scit bene quid fati prouida cantet auis;
tuque regis sortes, per te praesentit haruspex,
lubrica signauit cum deus exta notis;
te duce Romanos numquam frustrata Sibylla,
abdita quae senis fata canit pedibus.
Phoebe, sacras Messalinum sine tangere chartas
uatis, et ipse precor quid canat illa doce.
haec dedit Aeneae sortes, postquam ille parentem
dicitur et raptos sustinuisse Lares
nec fore credebat Romam, cum maestus ab alto
Ilion ardentes respiceretque deos.
(Romulus aeternae nondum formauerat urbis
moenia, consorti non habitanda Remo;
sed tunc pascebant herbosa Palatia uaccae
et stabant humiles in Iouis arce casae.
lacte madens illic suberat Pan ilicis umbrae
et facta agresti lignea falce Pales,
pendebatque uagi pastoris in arbore uotum,
garrula siluestri fistula sacra deo,
fistula cui semper decrescit harundinis ordo:
nam calamus cera iungitur usque minor.
at qua Velabri regio patet, ire solebat
exiguus pulsa per uada linter aqua.
illa saepe gregis diti placitura magistro
ad iuuenem festa est uecta puella die,
cum qua fecundi redierunt munera ruris,
caseus et niueae candidus agnus ouis.)
'Impiger Aenea, uolitantis frater Amoris,
Troica qui profugis sacra uehis ratibus,
iam tibi Laurentes adsignat Iuppiter agros,
iam uocat errantes hospita terra Lares.
illic sanctus eris cum te ueneranda Numici
unda deum caelo miserit indigetem.
ecce super fessas uolitat Victoria puppes;
tandem ad Troianos diua superba uenit.
ecce mihi lucent Rutulis incendia castris:
iam tibi praedico, barbare Turne, necem.
ante oculos Laurens castrum murusque Lauini est
Albaque ab Ascanio condita Longa duce.
te quoque iam uideo, Marti placitura sacerdos
Ilia, Vestales deseruisse focos,
concubitusque tuos furtim uittasque iacentes
et cupidi ad ripas arma relicta dei.
carpite nunc, tauri, de septem montibus herbas
dum licet: hic magnae iam locus urbis erit.
Roma, tuum nomen terris fatale regendis,
qua sua de caelo prospicit arua Ceres,
quaque patent ortus et qua fluitantibus undis
Solis anhelantes abluit amnis equos.
Troia quidem tunc se mirabitur et sibi dicet
uos bene tam longa consuluisse uia.
uera cano: sic usque sacras innoxia laurus
uescar, et aeternum sit mihi uirginitas.'
haec cecinit uates et te sibi, Phoebe, uocauit,
iactauit fusas et caput ante comas.---
quidquid Amalthea, quidquid Marpesia dixit
Herophile, Phyto Graia quod admonuit,
quaeque Aniena sacras Tiburs per flumina sortes
portarat sicco pertuleratque sinu---
haec fore dixerunt belli mala signa cometen,
multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis.
atque tubas atque arma ferunt strepitantia caelo
audita et lucos praecinuisse fugam:
ipsum etiam Solem defectum lumine uidit
iungere pallentes nubilus annus equos:
et simulacra deum lacrimas fudisse tepentes
fataque uocales praemonuisse boues.
haec fuerant olim: sed tu iam mitis, Apollo,
prodigia indomitis merge sub aequoribus,
et succensa sacris crepitet bene laurea flammis,
omine quo felix et sacer annus erit.
laurus ubi bona signa dedit, gaudete coloni;
distendet spicis horrea plena Ceres,
oblitus et musto feriet pede rusticus uuas,
dolia dum magni deficiantque lacus:
ac madidus baccho sua festa Palilia pastor
concinet: a stabulis tunc procul este lupi.
ille leuis stipulae sollemnis potus aceruos
accendet, flammas transilietque sacras.
et fetus matrona dabit, natusque parenti
oscula comprensis auribus eripiet,
nec taedebit auum paruo aduigilare nepoti
balbaque cum puero dicere uerba senem.
tunc operata deo pubes discumbet in herba,
arboris antiquae qua leuis umbra cadit,
aut e ueste sua tendent umbracula sertis
uincta, coronatus stabit et ipse calix.
at sibi quisque dapes et festas extruet alte
caespitibus mensas caespitibusque torum.
ingeret hic potus iuuenis maledicta puellae,
postmodo quae uotis inrita facta uelit:
nam ferus ille suae plorabit sobrius idem
et se iurabit mente fuisse mala.
pace tua pereant arcus pereantque sagittae,
Phoebe, modo in terris erret inermis Amor.
ars bona: sed postquam sumpsit sibi tela Cupido,
heu heu quam multis ars dedit ista malum!
et mihi praecipue, iaceo cum saucius annum
et (faueo morbo cum iuuat ipse dolor)
usque cano Nemesim, sine qua uersus mihi nullus
uerba potest iustos aut reperire pedes.
at tu, nam diuum seruat tutela poetas,
praemoneo, uati parce, puella, sacro,
ut Messalinum celebrem, cum praemia belli
ante suos currus oppida uicta feret,
ipse gerens laurus: lauro deuinctus agresti
miles 'io' magna uoce 'triumphe' canet.
tunc Messalla meus pia det spectacula turbae
et plaudat curru praetereunte pater.
adnue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,
sic tua perpetuo sit tibi casta soror.

VI

Castra Macer sequitur: tenero quid fiet Amori?
sit comes et collo fortiter arma gerat?
et seu longa uirum terrae uia seu uaga ducent
aequora, cum telis ad latus ire uolet?
ure, puer, quaeso, tua qui ferus otia liquit,
atque iterum erronem sub tua signa uoca.
quod si militibus parces, erit hic quoque miles,
ipse leuem galea qui sibi portet aquam.
castra peto, ualeatque Venus ualeantque puellae:
et mihi sunt uires et mihi laeta tuba est.
magna loquor, sed magnifice mihi magna locuto
excutiunt clausae fortia uerba fores.
iuraui quotiens rediturum ad limina numquam!
cum bene iuraui, pes tamen ipse redit.
acer Amor, fractas utinam tua tela sagittas,
si licet, extinctas aspiciamque faces!
tu miserum torques, tu me mihi dira precari
cogis et insana mente nefanda loqui.
iam mala finissem leto, sed credula uitam
spes fouet et fore cras semper ait melius.
spes alit agricolas, spes sulcis credit aratis
semina quae magno faenore reddat ager:
haec laqueo uolucres, haec captat harundine pisces,
cum tenues hamos abdidit ante cibus:
spes etiam ualida solatur compede uinctum:
crura sonant ferro, sed canit inter opus:
spes facilem Nemesim spondet mihi, sed negat illa.
ei mihi, ne uincas, dura puella, deam.
parce, per immatura tuae precor ossa sororis:
sic bene sub tenera parua quiescat humo.
illa mihi sancta est, illius dona sepulcro
et madefacta meis serta feram lacrimis,
illius ad tumulum fugiam supplexque sedebo
et mea cum muto fata querar cinere.
non feret usque suum te propter flere clientem:
illius ut uerbis, sis mihi lenta ueto,
ne tibi neglecti mittant mala somnia manes,
maestaque sopitae stet soror ante torum,
qualis ab excelsa praeceps delapsa fenestra
uenit ad infernos sanguinolenta lacus.
desino, ne dominae luctus renouentur acerbi:
non ego sum tanti, ploret ut illa semel.
nec lacrimis oculos digna est foedare loquaces:
lena nocet nobis, ipsa puella bona est.
lena necat miserum Phryne furtimque tabellas
occulto portans itque reditque sinu:
saepe, ego cum dominae dulces a limine duro
agnosco uoces, haec negat esse domi:
saepe, ubi nox mihi promissa est, languere puellam
nuntiat aut aliquas extimuisse minas.
tunc morior curis, tunc mens mihi perdita fingit,
quisue meam teneat, quot teneatue modis:
tunc tibi, lena, precor diras: satis anxia uiuas,
mouerit e uotis pars quotacumque deos.

Tibullus The Latin Library The Classics Page

[Gloria]

A. TIBVLLI ELEGIAE LIBER PRIMVS

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X

I

Divitias alius fulvo sibi congerat auro
Et teneat culti iugera multa soli,
Quem labor adsiduus vicino terreat hoste,
Martia cui somnos classica pulsa fugent:
Me mea paupertas vita traducat inerti, 5
Dum meus adsiduo luceat igne focus.
Ipse seram teneras maturo tempore vites
Rusticus et facili grandia poma manu;
Nec spes destituat, sed frugum semper acervos
Praebeat et pleno pinguia musta lacu. 10
Nam veneror, seu stipes habet desertus in agris
Seu vetus in trivio florida serta lapis,
Et quodcumque mihi pomum novus educat annus,
Libatum agricolae ponitur ante deo.
Flava Ceres, tibi sit nostro de rure corona 15
Spicea, quae templi pendeat ante fores,
Pomosisque ruber custos ponatur in hortis,
Terreat ut saeva falce Priapus aves.
Vos quoque, felicis quondam, nunc pauperis agri
Custodes, fertis munera vestra, Lares. 20
Tunc vitula innumeros lustrabat caesa iuvencos,
Nunc agna exigui est hostia parva soli.
Agna cadet vobis, quam circum rustica pubes
Clamet 'io messes et bona vina date'.
Iam modo iam possim contentus vivere parvo 25
Nec semper longae deditus esse viae,
Sed Canis aestivos ortus vitare sub umbra
Arboris ad rivos praetereuntis aquae.
Nec tamen interdum pudeat tenuisse bidentem
Aut stimulo tardos increpuisse boves, 30
Non agnamve sinu pigeat fetumve capellae
Desertum oblita matre referre domum.
At vos exiguo pecori, furesque lupique,
Parcite: de magno est praeda petenda grege.
Hic ego pastoremque meum lustrare quotannis 35
Et placidam soleo spargere lacte Palem.
Adsitis, divi, neu vos e paupere mensa
Dona nec e puris spernite fictilibus.
Fictilia antiquus primum sibi fecit agrestis
Pocula, de facili conposuitque luto. 40
Non ego divitias patrum fructusque requiro,
Quos tulit antiquo condita messis avo:
Parva seges satis est, satis requiescere lecto
Si licet et solito membra levare toro.
Quam iuvat inmites ventos audire cubantem 45
Et dominam tenero continuisse sinu
Aut, gelidas hibernus aquas cum fuderit Auster,
Securum somnos igne iuvante sequi.
Hoc mihi contingat. Sit dives iure, furorem
Qui maris et tristes ferre potest pluvias. 50
O quantum est auri pereat potiusque smaragdi,
Quam fleat ob nostras ulla puella vias.
Te bellare decet terra, Messalla, marique,
Ut domus hostiles praeferat exuvias;
Me retinent vinctum formosae vincla puellae, 55
Et sedeo duras ianitor ante fores.
Non ego laudari curo, mea Delia; tecum
Dum modo sim, quaeso segnis inersque vocer.
Te spectem, suprema mihi cum venerit hora,
Te teneam moriens deficiente manu. 60
Flebis et arsuro positum me, Delia, lecto,
Tristibus et lacrimis oscula mixta dabis.
Flebis: non tua sunt duro praecordia ferro
Vincta, neque in tenero stat tibi corde silex.
Illo non iuvenis poterit de funere quisquam 65
Lumina, non virgo, sicca referre domum.
Tu manes ne laede meos, sed parce solutis
Crinibus et teneris, Delia, parce genis.
Interea, dum fata sinunt, iungamus amores:
Iam veniet tenebris Mors adoperta caput, 70
Iam subrepet iners aetas, nec amare decebit,
Dicere nec cano blanditias capite.
Nunc levis est tractanda Venus, dum frangere postes
Non pudet et rixas inseruisse iuvat.
Hic ego dux milesque bonus: vos, signa tubaeque, 75
Ite procul, cupidis volnera ferte viris,
Ferte et opes: ego conposito securus acervo
Despiciam dites despiciamque famem.

II

Adde merum vinoque novos conpesce dolores,
Occupet ut fessi lumina victa sopor,
Neu quisquam multo percussum tempora baccho
Excitet, infelix dum requiescit amor.
Nam posita est nostrae custodia saeva puellae, 5
Clauditur et dura ianua firma sera.
Ianua difficilis domini, te verberet imber,
Te Iovis imperio fulmina missa petant.
Ianua, iam pateas uni mihi, victa querelis,
Neu furtim verso cardine aperta sones. 10
Et mala siqua tibi dixit dementia nostra,
Ignoscas: capiti sint precor illa meo.
Te meminisse decet, quae plurima voce peregi
Supplice, cum posti florida serta darem.
Tu quoque ne timide custodes, Delia, falle, 15
Audendum est: fortes adiuvat ipsa Venus.
Illa favet, seu quis iuvenis nova limina temptat,
Seu reserat fixo dente puella fores;
Illa docet molli furtim derepere lecto,
Illa pedem nullo ponere posse sono, 20
Illa viro coram nutus conferre loquaces
Blandaque conpositis abdere verba notis.
Nec docet hoc omnes, sed quos nec inertia tardat
Nec vetat obscura surgere nocte timor.
En ego cum tenebris tota vagor anxius urbe, 25
* * *
Nec sinit occurrat quisquam, qui corpora ferro
Volneret aut rapta praemia veste petat.
Quisquis amore tenetur, eat tutusque sacerque
Qualibet: insidias non timuisse decet. 30
Non mihi pigra nocent hibernae frigora noctis,
Non mihi, cum multa decidit imber aqua.
Non labor hic laedit, reseret modo Delia postes
Et vocet ad digiti me taciturna sonum.
Parcite luminibus, seu vir seu femina fiat 35
Obvia: celari volt sua furta Venus.
Neu strepitu terrete pedum neu quaerite nomen
Neu prope fulgenti lumina ferte face.
Siquis et inprudens adspexerit, occulat ille
Perque deos omnes se meminisse neget: 40
Nam fuerit quicumque loquax, is sanguine natam,
Is Venerem e rapido sentiet esse mari.
Nec tamen huic credet coniunx tuus, ut mihi verax
Pollicita est magico saga ministerio.
Hanc ego de caelo ducentem sidera vidi, 45
Fluminis haec rapidi carmine vertit iter,
Haec cantu finditque solum Manesque sepulcris
Elicit et tepido devocat ossa rogo;
Iam tenet infernas magico stridore catervas,
Iam iubet adspersas lacte referre pedem. 50
Cum libet, haec tristi depellit nubila caelo,
Cum libet, aestivo convocat orbe nives.
Sola tenere malas Medeae dicitur herbas,
Sola feros Hecates perdomuisse canes.
Haec mihi conposuit cantus, quis fallere posses: 55
Ter cane, ter dictis despue carminibus.
Ille nihil poterit de nobis credere cuiquam,
Non sibi, si in molli viderit ipse toro.
Tu tamen abstineas aliis: nam cetera cernet
Omnia, de me uno sentiet ipse nihil. 60
Quid, credam? nempe haec eadem se dixit amores
Cantibus aut herbis solvere posse meos,
Et me lustravit taedis, et nocte serena
Concidit ad magicos hostia pulla deos.
Non ego, totus abesset amor, sed mutuus esset, 65
Orabam, nec te posse carere velim.
Ferreus ille fuit, qui, te cum posset habere,
Maluerit praedas stultus et arma sequi.
Ille licet Cilicum victas agat ante catervas,
Ponat et in capto Martia castra solo, 70
Totus et argento contextus, totus et auro
Insideat celeri conspiciendus equo,
Ipse boves mea si tecum modo Delia possim
Iungere et in solito pascere monte pecus,
Et te, dum liceat, teneris retinere lacertis, 75
Mollis et inculta sit mihi somnus humo.
Quid Tyrio recubare toro sine amore secundo
Prodest, cum fletu nox vigilanda venit?
Nam neque tum plumae nec stragula picta soporem
Nec sonitus placidae ducere posset aquae. 80
Num Veneris magnae violavi numina verbo,
Et mea nunc poenas inpia lingua luit?
Num feror incestus sedes adiisse deorum
Sertaque de sanctis deripuisse focis?
Non ego, si merui, dubitem procumbere templis 85
Et dare sacratis oscula liminibus,
Non ego tellurem genibus perrepere supplex
Et miserum sancto tundere poste caput.
At tu, qui laetus rides mala nostra, caveto
Mox tibi: non uni saeviet usque deus. 90
Vidi ego, qui iuvenum miseros lusisset amores,
Post Veneris vinclis subdere colla senem
Et sibi blanditias tremula conponere voce
Et manibus canas fingere velle comas,
Stare nec ante fores puduit caraeve puellae 95
Ancillam medio detinuisse foro.
Hunc puer, hunc iuvenis turba circumterit arta,
Despuit in molles et sibi quisque sinus.
At mihi parce, Venus: semper tibi dedita servit
Mens mea: quid messes uris acerba tuas?

III

Ibitis Aegaeas sine me, Messalla, per undas,
O utinam memores ipse cohorsque mei.
Me tenet ignotis aegrum Phaeacia terris,
Abstineas avidas, Mors, modo, nigra, manus.
Abstineas, Mors atra, precor: non hic mihi mater 5
Quae legat in maestos ossa perusta sinus,
Non soror, Assyrios cineri quae dedat odores
Et fleat effusis ante sepulcra comis,
Delia non usquam; quae me cum mitteret urbe,
Dicitur ante omnes consuluisse deos. 10
Illa sacras pueri sortes ter sustulit: illi
Rettulit e trinis omina certa puer.
Cuncta dabant reditus: tamen est deterrita numquam,
Quin fleret nostras respiceretque vias.
Ipse ego solator, cum iam mandata dedissem, 15
Quaerebam tardas anxius usque moras.
Aut ego sum causatus aves aut omina dira,
Saturni sacram me tenuisse diem.
O quotiens ingressus iter mihi tristia dixi
Offensum in porta signa dedisse pedem! 20
Audeat invito ne quis discedere Amore,
Aut sciat egressum se prohibente deo.
Quid tua nunc Isis mihi, Delia, quid mihi prosunt
Illa tua totiens aera repulsa manu,
Quidve, pie dum sacra colis, pureque lavari 25
Te—memini—et puro secubuisse toro?
Nunc, dea, nunc succurre mihi—nam posse mederi
Picta docet templis multa tabella tuis—,
Ut mea votivas persolvens Delia voces
Ante sacras lino tecta fores sedeat 30
Bisque die resoluta comas tibi dicere laudes
Insignis turba debeat in Pharia.
At mihi contingat patrios celebrare Penates
Reddereque antiquo menstrua tura Lari.
Quam bene Saturno vivebant rege, priusquam 35
Tellus in longas est patefacta vias!
Nondum caeruleas pinus contempserat undas,
Effusum ventis praebueratque sinum,
Nec vagus ignotis repetens conpendia terris
Presserat externa navita merce ratem. 40
Illo non validus subiit iuga tempore taurus,
Non domito frenos ore momordit equus,
Non domus ulla fores habuit, non fixus in agris,
Qui regeret certis finibus arva, lapis.
Ipsae mella dabant quercus, ultroque ferebant 45
Obvia securis ubera lactis oves.
Non acies, non ira fuit, non bella, nec ensem
Inmiti saevus duxerat arte faber.
Nunc Iove sub domino caedes et vulnera semper,
Nunc mare, nunc leti mille repente viae. 50
Parce, pater. timidum non me periuria terrent,
Non dicta in sanctos inpia verba deos.
Quodsi fatales iam nunc explevimus annos,
Fac lapis inscriptis stet super ossa notis:
'Hic iacet inmiti consumptus morte Tibullus, 55
Messallam terra dum sequiturque mari.'
Sed me, quod facilis tenero sum semper Amori,
Ipsa Venus campos ducet in Elysios.
Hic choreae cantusque vigent, passimque vagantes
Dulce sonant tenui gutture carmen aves, 60
Fert casiam non culta seges, totosque per agros
Floret odoratis terra benigna rosis;
Ac iuvenum series teneris inmixta puellis
Ludit, et adsidue proelia miscet Amor.
Illic est, cuicumque rapax mors venit amanti, 65
Et gerit insigni myrtea serta coma.
At scelerata iacet sedes in nocte profunda
Abdita, quam circum flumina nigra sonant:
Tisiphoneque inpexa feros pro crinibus angues
Saevit, et huc illuc inpia turba fugit. 70
Tum niger in porta serpentum Cerberus ore
Stridet et aeratas excubat ante fores.
Illic Iunonem temptare Ixionis ausi
Versantur celeri noxia membra rota,
Porrectusque novem Tityos per iugera terrae 75
Adsiduas atro viscere pascit aves.
Tantalus est illic, et circum stagna, sed acrem
Iam iam poturi deserit unda sitim,
Et Danai proles, Veneris quod numina laesit,
In cava Lethaeas dolia portat aquas. 80
Illic sit, quicumque meos violavit amores,
Optavit lentas et mihi militias.
At tu casta precor maneas, sanctique pudoris
Adsideat custos sedula semper anus.
Haec tibi fabellas referat positaque lucerna 85
Deducat plena stamina longa colu,
At circa gravibus pensis adfixa puella
Paulatim somno fessa remittat opus.
Tum veniam subito, nec quisquam nuntiet ante,
Sed videar caelo missus adesse tibi. 90
Tunc mihi, qualis eris, longos turbata capillos,
Obvia nudato, Delia, curre pede.
Hoc precor, hunc illum nobis Aurora nitentem
Luciferum roseis candida portet equis.

IV

'Sic umbrosa tibi contingant tecta, Priape,
Ne capiti soles, ne noceantque nives:
Quae tua formosos cepit sollertia? certe
Non tibi barba nitet, non tibi culta coma est,
Nudus et hibernae producis frigora brumae, 5
Nudus et aestivi tempora sicca Canis.'
Sic ego; tum Bacchi respondit rustica proles
Armatus curva sic mihi falce deus:
'O fuge te tenerae puerorum credere turbae,
Nam causam iusti semper amoris habent. 10
Hic placet, angustis quod equom conpescit habenis,
Hic placidam niveo pectore pellit aquam,
Hic, quia fortis adest audacia, cepit; at illi
Virgineus teneras stat pudor ante genas.
Sed ne te capiant, primo si forte negabit, 15
Taedia: paulatim sub iuga colla dabit.
Longa dies homini docuit parere leones,
Longa dies molli saxa peredit aqua;
Annus in apricis maturat collibus uvas,
Annus agit certa lucida signa vice. 20
Nec iurare time: Veneris periuria venti
Inrita per terras et freta summa ferunt.
Gratia magna Iovi: vetuit pater ipse valere,
Iurasset cupide quicquid ineptus amor,
Perque suas inpune sinit Dictynna sagittas 25
Adfirmes crines perque Minerva suos.
At si tardus eris, errabis: transiet aetas.
Quam cito non segnis stat remeatque dies,
Quam cito purpureos deperdit terra colores,
Quam cito formosas populus alta comas! 30
Quam iacet, infirmae venere ubi fata senectae,
Qui prior Eleo est carcere missus equos!
Vidi iam iuvenem, premeret cum serior aetas,
Maerentem stultos praeteriisse dies.
Crudeles divi! serpens novus exuit annos, 35
Formae non ullam fata dedere moram.
Solis aeterna est Baccho Phoeboque iuventas,
Nam decet intonsus crinis utrumque deum.
Tu, puero quodcumque tuo temptare libebit,
Cedas: obsequio plurima vincet amor. 40
Neu comes ire neges, quamvis via longa paretur
Et Canis arenti torreat arva siti,
Quamvis praetexens picta ferrugine caelum
Venturam anticipet imbrifer arcus aquam.
Vel si caeruleas puppi volet ire per undas, 45
Ipse levem remo per freta pelle ratem.
Nec te paeniteat duros subiisse labores
Aut opera insuetas adteruisse manus,
Nec, velit insidiis altas si claudere valles,
Dum placeas, umeri retia ferre negent. 50
Si volet arma, levi temptabis ludere dextra:
Saepe dabis nudum, vincat ut ille, latus.
Tum tibi mitis erit, rapias tum cara licebit
Oscula: pugnabit, sed tamen apta dabit.
Rapta dabit primo, post adferet ipse roganti, 55
Post etiam collo se inplicuisse velit.
Heu male nunc artes miseras haec saecula tractant:
Iam tener adsuevit munera velle puer.
At tu, qui venerem docuisti vendere primus,
Quisquis es, infelix urgeat ossa lapis. 60
Pieridas, pueri, doctos et amate poetas,
Aurea nec superent munera Pieridas.
Carmine purpurea est Nisi coma: carmina ni sint,
Ex umero Pelopis non nituisset ebur.
Quem referent Musae, vivet, dum robora tellus, 65
Dum caelum stellas, dum vehet amnis aquas.
At qui non audit Musas, qui vendit amorem,
Idaeae currus ille sequatur Opis
Et tercentenas erroribus expleat urbes
Et secet ad Phrygios vilia membra modos. 70
Blanditiis volt esse locum Venus ipsa: querelis
Supplicibus, miseris fletibus illa favet.'
Haec mihi, quae canerem Titio, deus edidit ore,
Sed Titium coniunx haec meminisse vetat.
Pareat ille suae; vos me celebrate magistrum, 75
Quos male habet multa callidus arte puer.
Gloria cuique sua est: me, qui spernentur, amantes
Consultent: cunctis ianua nostra patet.
Tempus erit, cum me Veneris praecepta ferentem
Deducat iuvenum sedula turba senem. 80
Heu heu quam Marathus lento me torquet amore!
Deficiunt artes, deficiuntque doli.
Parce, puer, quaeso, ne turpis fabula fiam,
Cum mea ridebunt vana magisteria.

V

Asper eram et bene discidium me ferre loquebar,
At mihi nunc longe gloria fortis abest.
Namque agor ut per plana citus sola verbere turben,
Quem celer adsueta versat ab arte puer.
Ure ferum et torque, libeat ne dicere quicquam 5
Magnificum post haec: horrida verba doma.
Parce tamen, per te furtivi foedera lecti,
Per venerem quaeso conpositumque caput.
Ille ego, cum tristi morbo defessa iaceres,
Te dicor votis eripuisse meis, 10
Ipseque te circum lustravi sulphure puro,
Carmine cum magico praecinuisset anus;
Ipse procuravi, ne possent saeva nocere
Somnia, ter sancta deveneranda mola;
Ipse ego velatus filo tunicisque solutis 15
Vota novem Triviae nocte silente dedi.
Omnia persolvi: fruitur nunc alter amore,
Et precibus felix utitur ille meis.
At mihi felicem vitam, si salva fuisses,
Fingebam demens, sed renuente deo. 20
Rura colam, frugumque aderit mea Delia custos,
Area dum messes sole calente teret,
Aut mihi servabit plenis in lintribus uvas
Pressaque veloci candida musta pede;
Consuescet numerare pecus, consuescet amantis 25
Garrulus in dominae ludere verna sinu.
Illa deo sciet agricolae pro vitibus uvam,
Pro segete spicas, pro grege ferre dapem.
Illa regat cunctos, illi sint omnia curae,
At iuvet in tota me nihil esse domo. 30
Huc veniet Messalla meus, cui dulcia poma
Delia selectis detrahat arboribus;
Et tantum venerata virum hunc sedula curet,
Huic paret atque epulas ipsa ministra gerat.
Haec mihi fingebam, quae nunc Eurusque Notusque 35
Iactat odoratos vota per Armenios.
Saepe ego temptavi curas depellere vino,
At dolor in lacrimas verterat omne merum.
Saepe aliam tenui, sed iam cum gaudia adirem,
Admonuit dominae deseruitque Venus. 40
Tunc me discedens devotum femina dixit
Et pudet et narrat scire nefanda meam.
Non facit hoc verbis, facie tenerisque lacertis
Devovet et flavis nostra puella comis.
Talis ad Haemonium Nereis Pelea quondam 45
Vecta est frenato caerula pisce Thetis.
Haec nocuere mihi, quod adest huic dives amator;
Venit in exitium callida lena meum.
Sanguineas edat illa dapes atque ore cruento
Tristia cum multo pocula felle bibat; 50
Hanc volitent animae circum sua fata querentes
Semper et e tectis strix violenta canat;
Ipsa fame stimulante furens herbasque sepulcris
Quaerat et a saevis ossa relicta lupis,
Currat et inguinibus nudis ululetque per urbes, 55
Post agat e triviis aspera turba canum.
Eveniet: dat signa deus; sunt numina amanti,
Saevit et iniusta lege relicta Venus.
At tu quam primum sagae praecepta rapacis
Desere, nam donis vincitur omnis amor. 60
Pauper erit praesto semper, te pauper adibit
Primus et in tenero fixus erit latere,
Pauper in angusto fidus comes agmine turbae
Subicietque manus efficietque viam,
Pauper ad occultos furtim deducet amicos 65
Vinclaque de niveo detrahet ipse pede.
Heu canimus frustra, nec verbis victa patescit
Ianua, sed plena est percutienda manu.
At tu, qui potior nunc es, mea fata timeto:
Versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae. 70
Non frustra quidam iam nunc in limine perstat
Sedulus ac crebro prospicit ac refugit,
Et simulat transire domum, mox deinde recurrit,
Solus et ante ipsas excreat usque fores.
Nescio quid furtivus amor parat. utere quaeso, 75
Dum licet: in liquida nat tibi linter aqua.

VI

Semper, ut inducar, blandos offers mihi voltus,
Post tamen es misero tristis et asper, Amor.
Quid tibi saevitiae mecum est? an gloria magna est
Insidias homini conposuisse deum?
Nam mihi tenduntur casses: iam Delia furtim 5
Nescio quem tacita callida nocte fovet.
Illa quidem tam multa negat, sed credere durum est:
Sic etiam de me pernegat usque viro.
Ipse miser docui, quo posset ludere pacto
Custodes: heu heu nunc premor arte mea, 10
Fingere nunc didicit causas, ut sola cubaret,
Cardine nunc tacito vertere posse fores.
Tum sucos herbasque dedi, quis livor abiret,
Quem facit inpresso mutua dente venus.
At tu, fallacis coniunx incaute puellae, 15
Me quoque servato, peccet ut illa nihil.
Neu iuvenes celebret multo sermone, caveto,
Neve cubet laxo pectus aperta sinu,
Neu te decipiat nutu, digitoque liquorem
Ne trahat et mensae ducat in orbe notas. 20
Exibit quam saepe, time, seu visere dicet
Sacra Bonae maribus non adeunda Deae.
At mihi si credas, illam sequar unus ad aras;
Tunc mihi non oculis sit timuisse meis.
Saepe, velut gemmas eius signumque probarem, 25
Per causam memini me tetigisse manum;
Saepe mero somnum peperi tibi, at ipse bibebam
Sobria subposita pocula victor aqua.
Non ego te laesi prudens: ignosce fatenti,
Iussit Amor: contra quis ferat arma deos? 30
Ille ego sum, nec me iam dicere vera pudebit,
Instabat tota cui tua nocte canis.
Quid tenera tibi coniuge opus? tua si bona nescis
Servare, frustra clavis inest foribus.
Te tenet, absentes alios suspirat amores 35
Et simulat subito condoluisse caput.
At mihi servandam credas: non saeva recuso
Verbera, detrecto non ego vincla pedum.
Tum procul absitis, quisquis colit arte capillos,
Et fluit effuso cui toga laxa sinu, 40
Quisquis et occurret, ne possit crimen habere,
Stet procul aut alia ~stet procul~ ante via.
Sic fieri iubet ipse deus, sic magna sacerdos
Est mihi divino vaticinata sono.
Haec ubi Bellonae motu est agitata, nec acrem 45
Flammam, non amens verbera torta timet;
Ipsa bipenne suos caedit violenta lacertos
Sanguineque effuso spargit inulta deam,
Statque latus praefixa veru, stat saucia pectus,
Et canit eventus, quos dea magna monet: 50
'Parcite, quam custodit Amor, violare puellam,
Ne pigeat magno post didicisse malo.
Adtigerit, labentur opes, ut volnere nostro
Sanguis, ut hic ventis diripiturque cinis.'
Et tibi nescio quas dixit, mea Delia, poenas; 55
Si tamen admittas, sit precor illa levis.
Non ego te propter parco tibi, sed tua mater
Me movet atque iras aurea vincit anus.
Haec mihi te adducit tenebris multoque timore
Coniungit nostras clam taciturna manus, 60
Haec foribusque manet noctu me adfixa proculque
Cognoscit strepitus me veniente pedum.
Vive diu mihi, dulcis anus: proprios ego tecum,
Sit modo fas, annos contribuisse velim.
Te semper natamque tuam te propter amabo: 65
Quicquid agit, sanguis est tamen illa tuos.
Sit modo casta, doce, quamvis non vitta ligatos
Impediat crines nec stola longa pedes.
Et mihi sint durae leges, laudare nec ullam
Possim ego, quin oculos adpetat illa meos, 70
Et siquid peccasse putet, ducarque capillis
Inmerito pronas proripiarque vias.
Non ego te pulsare velim, sed, venerit iste
Si furor, optarim non habuisse manus;
Nec saevo sis casta metu, sed mente fideli, 75
Mutuus absenti te mihi servet amor.
At, quae fida fuit nulli, post victa senecta
Ducit inops tremula stamina torta manu
Firmaque conductis adnectit licia telis
Tractaque de niveo vellere ducta putat. 80
Hanc animo gaudente vident iuvenumque catervae
Conmemorant merito tot mala ferre senem,
Hanc Venus exalto flentem sublimis Olympo
Spectat et, infidis quam sit acerba, monet.
Haec aliis maledicta cadant; nos, Delia, amoris 85
Exemplum cana simus uterque coma.

VII

Hunc cecinere diem Parcae fatalia nentes
Stamina, non ulli dissoluenda deo,
Hunc fore, Aquitanas posset qui fundere gentes,
Quem tremeret forti milite victus Atax.
Evenere: novos pubes Romana triumphos 5
Vidit et evinctos bracchia capta duces;
At te victrices lauros, Messalla, gerentem
Portabat nitidis currus eburnus equis.
Non sine me est tibi partus honos: Tarbella Pyrene
Testis et Oceani litora Santonici, 10
Testis Arar Rhodanusque celer magnusque Garunna,
Carnutis et flavi caerula lympha Liger.
An te, Cydne, canam, tacitis qui leniter undis
Caeruleus placidis per vada serpis aquis,
Quantus et aetherio contingens vertice nubes 15
Frigidus intonsos Taurus alat Cilicas?
Quid referam, ut volitet crebras intacta per urbes
Alba Palaestino sancta columba Syro,
Utque maris vastum prospectet turribus aequor
Prima ratem ventis credere docta Tyros, 20
Qualis et, arentes cum findit Sirius agros,
Fertilis aestiva Nilus abundet aqua?
Nile pater, quanam possim te dicere causa
Aut quibus in terris occuluisse caput?
Te propter nullos tellus tua postulat imbres, 25
Arida nec pluvio supplicat herba Iovi.
Te canit atque suum pubes miratur Osirim
Barbara, Memphiten plangere docta bovem.
Primus aratra manu sollerti fecit Osiris
Et teneram ferro sollicitavit humum, 30
Primus inexpertae conmisit semina terrae
Pomaque non notis legit ab arboribus.
Hic docuit teneram palis adiungere vitem,
Hic viridem dura caedere falce comam;
Illi iucundos primum matura sapores 35
Expressa incultis uva dedit pedibus.
Ille liquor docuit voces inflectere cantu,
Movit et ad certos nescia membra modos,
Bacchus et agricolae magno confecta labore
Pectora tristitiae dissoluenda dedit. 40
Bacchus et adflictis requiem mortalibus adfert,
Crura licet dura conpede pulsa sonent.
Non tibi sunt tristes curae nec luctus, Osiri,
Sed chorus et cantus et levis aptus amor,
Sed varii flores et frons redimita corymbis, 45
Fusa sed ad teneros lutea palla pedes
Et Tyriae vestes et dulcis tibia cantu
Et levis occultis conscia cista sacris.
Huc ades et Genium ludis Geniumque choreis
Concelebra et multo tempora funde mero: 50
Illius et nitido stillent unguenta capillo,
Et capite et collo mollia serta gerat.
Sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores,
Liba et Mopsopio dulcia melle feram.
At tibi succrescat proles, quae facta parentis 55
Augeat et circa stet veneranda senem.
Nec taceat monumenta viae, quem Tuscula tellus
Candidaque antiquo detinet Alba Lare.
Namque opibus congesta tuis hic glarea dura
Sternitur, hic apta iungitur arte silex. 60
Te canit agricola, a magna cum venerit urbe
Serus inoffensum rettuleritque pedem.
At tu, Natalis multos celebrande per annos,
Candidior semper candidiorque veni.

VIII

Non ego celari possum, quid nutus amantis
Quidve ferant miti lenia verba sono.
Nec mihi sunt sortes nec conscia fibra deorum,
Praecinit eventus nec mihi cantus avis:
Ipsa Venus magico religatum bracchia nodo 5
Perdocuit multis non sine verberibus.
Desine dissimulare: deus crudelius urit,
Quos videt invitos subcubuisse sibi.
Quid tibi nunc molles prodest coluisse capillos
Saepeque mutatas disposuisse comas, 10
Quid fuco splendente genas ornare, quid ungues
Artificis docta subsecuisse manu?
Frustra iam vestes, frustra mutantur amictus,
Ansaque conpressos conligat arta pedes.
Illa placet, quamvis inculto venerit ore 15
Nec nitidum tarda compserit arte caput.
Num te carminibus, num te pallentibus herbis
Devovit tacito tempore noctis anus?
Cantus vicinis fruges traducit ab agris,
Cantus et iratae detinet anguis iter, 20
Cantus et e curru Lunam deducere temptat
Et faceret, si non aera repulsa sonent.
Quid queror heu misero carmen nocuisse, quid herbas?
Forma nihil magicis utitur auxiliis:
Sed corpus tetigisse nocet, sed longa dedisse 25
Oscula, sed femori conseruisse femur.
Nec tu difficilis puero tamen esse memento:
Persequitur poenis tristia facta Venus.
Munera ne poscas: det munera canus amator,
Ut foveat molli frigida membra sinu. 30
Carior est auro iuvenis, cui levia fulgent
Ora nec amplexus aspera barba terit.
Huic tu candentes umero subpone lacertos,
Et regum magnae despiciantur opes.
At Venus invenit puero concumbere furtim, 35
Dum timet et teneros conserit usque sinus,
Et dare anhelanti pugnantibus umida linguis
Oscula et in collo figere dente notas.
Non lapis hanc gemmaeque iuvant, quae frigore sola
Dormiat et nulli sit cupienda viro. 40
Heu sero revocatur amor seroque iuventas,
Cum vetus infecit cana senecta caput.
Tum studium formae est: coma tum mutatur, ut annos
Dissimulet viridi cortice tincta nucis;
Tollere tum cura est albos a stirpe capillos 45
Et faciem dempta pelle referre novam.
At tu, dum primi floret tibi temporis aetas,
Utere: non tardo labitur illa pede.
Neu Marathum torque: puero quae gloria victo est?
In veteres esto dura, puella, senes. 50
Parce precor tenero: non illi sontica causa est,
Sed nimius luto corpora tingit amor.
Vel miser absenti maestas quam saepe querelas
Conicit, et lacrimis omnia plena madent!
'Quid me spernis?' ait. 'poterat custodia vinci: 55
Ipse dedit cupidis fallere posse deus.
Nota venus furtiva mihi est, ut lenis agatur
Spiritus, ut nec dent oscula rapta sonum;
Et possum media quamvis obrepere nocte
Et strepitu nullo clam reserare fores. 60
Quid prosunt artes, miserum si spernit amantem
Et fugit ex ipso saeva puella toro?
Vel cum promittit, subito sed perfida fallit,
Est mihi nox multis evigilanda malis.
Dum mihi venturam fingo, quodcumque movetur, 65
Illius credo tunc sonuisse pedes.'
Desistas lacrimare, puer: non frangitur illa,
Et tua iam fletu lumina fessa tument.
Oderunt, Pholoe, moneo, fastidia divi,
Nec prodest sanctis tura dedisse focis. 70
Hic Marathus quondam miseros ludebat amantes,
Nescius ultorem post caput esse deum;
Saepe etiam lacrimas fertur risisse dolentis
Et cupidum ficta detinuisse mora:
Nunc omnes odit fastus, nunc displicet illi 75
Quaecumque obposita est ianua dura sera.
At te poena manet, ni desinis esse superba.
Quam cupies votis hunc revocare diem!

IX

Quid mihi si fueras miseros laesurus amores,
Foedera per divos, clam violanda, dabas?
A miser, et siquis primo periuria celat,
Sera tamen tacitis Poena venit pedibus.
Parcite, caelestes: aequum est inpune licere 5
Numina formosis laedere vestra semel.
Lucra petens habili tauros adiungit aratro
Et durum terrae rusticus urget opus,
Lucra petituras freta per parentia ventis
Ducunt instabiles sidera certa rates: 10
Muneribus meus est captus puer, at deus illa
In cunerem et liquidas munera vertat aquas.
Iam mihi persolvet poenas, pulvisque decorem
Detrahet et ventis horrida facta coma;
Uretur facies, urentur sole capilli, 15
Deteret invalidos et via longa pedes.
Admonui quotiens 'auro ne pollue formam:
Saepe solent auro multa subesse mala.
Divitiis captus siquis violavit amorem,
Asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus. 20
Ure meum potius flamma caput et pete ferro
Corpus et intorto verbere terga seca.
Nec tibi celandi spes sit peccare paranti:
Est deus, occultos qui vetat esse dolos.
Ipse deus tacito permisit lene ministro, 25
Ederet ut multo libera verba mero;
Ipse deus somno domitos emittere vocem
Iussit et invitos facta tegenda loqui.'
Haec ego dicebam: nunc me flevisse loquentem,
Nunc pudet ad teneros procubuisse pedes. 30
Tum mihi iurabas nullo te divitis auri
Pondere, non gemmis, vendere velle fidem,
Non tibi si pretium Campania terra daretur,
Non tibi si, Bacchi cura, Falernus ager.
Illis eriperes verbis mihi sidera caeli 35
Lucere et puras fulminis esse vias.
Quin etiam flebas: at non ego fallere doctus
Tergebam umentes credulus usque genas.
Quid faciam, nisi et ipse fores in amore puellae?
Sed precor exemplo sit levis illa tuo. 40
O quotiens, verbis ne quisquam conscius esset,
Ipse comes multa lumina nocte tuli!
Saepe insperanti venit tibi munere nostro
Et latuit clausas post adoperta fores.
Tum miser interii, stulte confisus amari: 45
Nam poteram ad laqueos cautior esse tuos.
Quin etiam adtonita laudes tibi mente canebam,
Et me nunc nostri Pieridumque pudet.
Illa velim rapida Volcanus carmina flamma
Torreat et liquida deleat amnis aqua. 50
Tu procul hinc absis, cui formam vendere cura est
Et pretium plena grande referre manu.
At te, qui puerum donis corrumpere es ausus,
Rideat adsiduis uxor inulta dolis,
Et cum furtivo iuvenem lassaverit usu, 55
Tecum interposita languida veste cubet.
Semper sint externa tuo vestigia lecto,
Et pateat cupidis semper aperta domus;
Nec lasciva soror dicatur plura bibisse
Pocula vel plures emeruisse viros. 60
Illam saepe ferunt convivia ducere Baccho,
Dum rota Luciferi provocet orta diem.
Illa nulla queat melius consumere noctem
Aut operum varias disposuisse vices.
At tua perdidicit, nec tu, stultissime, sentis, 65
Cum tibi non solita corpus ab arte movet.
Tune putas illam pro te disponere crines
Aut tenues denso pectere dente comas?
Ista haec persuadet facies, auroque lacertos
Vinciat et Tyrio prodeat apta sinu? 70
Non tibi, sed iuveni cuidam volt bella videri,
Devoveat pro quo remque domumque tuam.
Nec facit hoc vitio, sed corpora foeda podagra
Et senis amplexus culta puella fugit.
Huic tamen adcubuit noster puer: hunc ego credam 75
Cum trucibus venerem iungere posse feris.
Blanditiasne meas aliis tu vendere es ausus?
Tune aliis demens oscula ferre mea?
Tum flebis, cum me vinctum puer alter habebit
Et geret in regno regna superba tuo. 80
At tua tum me poena iuvet, Venerique merenti
Fixa notet casus aurea palma meos:
'Hanc tibi fallaci resolutus amore Tibullus
Dedicat et grata sis, dea, mente rogat'.

X

Quis fuit, horrendos primus qui protulit enses?
Quam ferus et vere ferreus ille fuit!
Tum caedes hominum generi, tum proelia nata,
Tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est.
An nihil ille miser meruit, nos ad mala nostra 5
Vertimus, in saevas quod dedit ille feras?
Divitis hoc vitium est auri, nec bella fuerunt,
Faginus adstabat cum scyphus ante dapes.
Non arces, non vallus erat, somnumque petebat
Securus sparsas dux gregis inter oves. 10
Tunc mihi vita foret, volgi nec tristia nossem
Arma nec audissem corde micante tubam;
Nunc ad bella trahor, et iam quis forsitan hostis
Haesura in nostro tela gerit latere.
Sed patrii servate Lares: aluistis et idem, 15
Cursarem vestros cum tener ante pedes.
Neu pudeat prisco vos esse e stipite factos:
Sic veteris sedes incoluistis avi.
Tum melius tenuere fidem, cum paupere cultu
Stabat in exigua ligneus aede deus. 20
Hic placatus erat, seu quis libaverat uva,
Seu dederat sanctae spicea serta comae,
Atque aliquis voti compos liba ipse ferebat
Postque comes purum filia parva favum.
At nobis aerata, Lares, depellite tela, 25
* * * 25a
* * * 25b
Hostiaque e plena rustica porcus hara.
Hanc pura cum veste sequar myrtoque canistra
Vincta geram, myrto vinctus et ipse caput.
Sic placeam vobis: alius sit fortis in armis
Sternat et adversos Marte favente duces, 30
Ut mihi potanti possit sua dicere facta
Miles et in mensa pingere castra mero.
Quis furor est atram bellis accersere mortem?
Inminet et tacito clam venit illa pede.
Non seges est infra, non vinea culta, sed audax 35
Cerberus et Stygiae navita turpis aquae;
Illic percussisque genis ustoque capillo
Errat ad obscuros pallida turba lacus.
Quam potius laudandus hic est, quem prole parata
Occupat in parva pigra senecta casa. 40
Ipse suas sectatur oves, at filius agnos,
Et calidam fesso conparat uxor aquam.
Sic ego sim, liceatque caput candescere canis,
Temporis et prisci facta referre senem.
Interea pax arva colat. pax candida primum 45
Duxit araturos sub iuga curva boves,
Pax aluit vites et sucos condidit uvae,
Funderet ut nato testa paterna merum,
Pace bidens vomerque nitent—at tristia duri
Militis in tenebris occupat arma situs— 50
Rusticus e lucoque vehit, male sobrius ipse,
Uxorem plaustro progeniemque domum.
Sed Veneris tum bella calent, scissosque capillos
Femina perfractas conqueriturque fores.
Flet teneras subtusa genas, sed victor et ipse 55
Flet sibi dementes tam valuisse manus.
At lascivus Amor rixae mala verba ministrat,
Inter et iratum lentus utrumque sedet.
A, lapis est ferrumque, suam quicumque puellam
Verberat: e caelo deripit ille deos. 60
Sit satis e membris tenuem rescindere vestem,
Sit satis ornatus dissoluisse comae,
Sit lacrimas movisse satis: quater ille beatus,
Quo tenera irato flere puella potest.
Sed manibus qui saevus erit, scutumque sudemque 65
Is gerat et miti sit procul a Venere.
At nobis, Pax alma, veni spicamque teneto,
Perfluat et pomis candidus ante sinus.

Tibullus The Latin Library The Classics Page

[Gloria]

Making of America Books
UMDL Texts home spacer Login

Home Search Browse Bookbag Help
A handbook of Latin poetry, containing selections from Ovid, Virgil, and Horace, with notes and grammatical references.
Hanson, James Hobbs, ed. 1816-1894,, Rolfe, W. J. joint ed. (William James), 1827-1910.
List of all pages | Add to bookbag

Page [unnumbered]

Page [unnumbered]

Page [unnumbered] A HANDBOOK OF LATIN POETRY' CONTAINING SELECTIONS FROM OVID, VIRGIL, AND HORACE, WITH NOTES AIND GRAMMIA TICAL REFERENCES. BY J. H'. HANSON, PRINCIPAL OF THE CLASSICAL INSTITUTE, WATERVILLE, ME. AND W. J. ROLFE, MASTER OF THE HIGH SCHOOL, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. BOSTON: CROSBY AND AINSWORTH. 865.

Page [unnumbered] Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year i865, by J. H. HANSON AND W. J. ROLFE, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. UNIVERSITY PRESS: WELCH, BIGELOW, & CO., CAMBRIDGE.

Page [unnumbered] PRE FACE. THIS book owes its existence to a popular demand. Soon after the publication of the Preparatory Latin Prose Book, the editor of that work began to be solicited by teachers in various parts of the country to prepare a book of Latin Poetry on the same plan. It was not, however, until these solicitations had become general and urgent, that the idea of undertaking the preparation of such a work was seriously entertained. In the arrangement of the text, the editors have followed what they conceive to be the order of difficulty, so far as it relates to the authors themselves, and therefore the order in which they should be severally studied but in respect to the portions selected from each author, the arrangement found in most school editions has been followed. The advantages, in a classical and educational point of view, of reading an author comparatively easy, like Ovid, before taking poetry so difficult as that of Virgil and Horace, will not be overlooked by those who are desirous of finding and pursuing the best methods. In the selection of materials, the aim has been to combine variety, interest, and utility. Accordingly, something-and that the portion deemed most interesting and profitable - has been drawn from every field in which our authors had distinguished themselves. In all cases, however, except the Metamorphoses of Ovid, entire poems or books have been taken. This course was preferred, not only as giving a completer view of the poem consid

Page IV iv PREFACE. ered as a work of art, and as contributing to the interest of the student, but for the greater convenience of those who may wish to finish reading the author, The selections from Ovid are nearly, though not exactly, the same as in other school editions published in this country; all of which are based on the edition of the Rev. C. Bradley, published long ago in England.'From Virgil, the Ist, 3d, 4th, 5th, 7th, and 9th Eclogues, the ist and 2d books of the Georgics, and the first six books of the Aeneid have been taken. The quantity embraced in these selections is fully equal to that required for admission to most of the colleges of the country; and students intending to enter colleges requiring more can easily find an equivalent in other parts of the book. In the Ovid text we have followed Loers, with an occasional reading from other editors. The Virgil text is that of Conington (London, I863). The text of no ancient profane writer has had more of critical labor and talent expended upon it than that of Virgil; and we hazard nothing in saying that in our judgment Conington's text is by far the most perfect that has yet appeared. In the selections from Horace we have followed the reading and the pointing of Macleane's larger edition (London, I853), except in a very few passages. The Lives of Ovid and Virgil have been compiled from the best authorities, partially indicated by foot-notes. The Life of Horace is mainly abridged from Theo. Martin's, in the Encyclopaedia Britannica (8th edition), reprinted with little change in his " Odes of Horace." For the general character of the Notes, the reader is referred to the principles laid down in the Preface to the Preparatory Latin Prose Book, so far at least as those principles are applicable to a book of poetry. Those on Ovid are mostly original, Burmann, Loers, and Haupt being the authorities chiefly consulted. They are purposely elementary, largely grammatical, and contain few

Page V PREFACE. V references to disputed questions, which young pupils would not understand. They are intended, in short, for elementary drill. The, Notes on Virgil, as also the Introductions to the several poems and books, have been drawn for the most part from Conington, whose sound judgment and critical' acumen justly entitle his authority to special consideration; but Henry, Gossrau, Wagner,. Forbiger, Heyne, Bryce, and Keightley have been constantly consulted. The Arguments prefixed to the several books of the Georgics and Aeneid have been taken chiefly from Bryce's "Notes on Virgil." The Virgil notes are less elementary than those on Ovid, though. continuing the same sort of drill by more frequent grammatical references than are to be found in any school edition of Virgil yet published. Disputed points, critical questions, and various authorities on doubtful passages have been somewhat frequently introduced, giving the pupil an occasional glimpse of the broad field of classical learning and research which is opening before him. In the Notes on Horace, the reading of the Ovid and Virgil, or at least considerable portions of them, has been presupposed. Less of mere grammatical drill would in that case be needed, except on the more unusual constructions, and those peculiar to Horace, especially his numerous Grecisms. The notes, therefore, are of a more miscellaneous character, relating rather to the collateral and incidental suggestions of the text. In short, the aim has been to awaken an interest in the whole range of classical Roman literature, and history, and life; though the limits of the book allowed little more than the giving of suggestions for the student to follow out himself, -mere guide-posts to the many roads diverging from the main track. The authorities on Horace have been Macleane (from whom many of the introductions to the Odes and many of the notes have been taken with little alteration except com

Page VI Vi PREFACE. pression), Orelli, Dillenburger (ed. i86o), and Ritter, with occasional use of the older German and Englisl editions. Of American editions none have been used except the excellent one of Professor J. L. Lincoln, to which reference has-been made in all cases where matter has been drawn * directly fromn it. His Life of Horace and his Prolegomena are worthy of special commendation; and students wishing to read more of Horace can hardly find a better edition in compact form than that of Professor Lincoln. In all cases, matter drawn from whatever source has been carefully studied, condensed, and recast, when necessary, to adapt it to our purposes. This has often exacted more labor than wholly original matter would have done. Both editors are responsible for all parts of the work, all the matter having passed through the hands of both, and the work of each having been revised, corrected, and modified by the other. The publication of the book has been delayed in part by this determination bf the editors to go individually over all that they had written, and, as far as possible, to give unity and symmetry to the whole. With this brief general statement of the origin, plan, character, and sources of our work, we send it forth in the hope that it may meet the expectations of those who have desired its publication, and may aid in awakening and promoting a livelier interest in classical studies. J. H. HANSON, November I, I865. W. J. ROLFE. w Teachers and friends who may discover typographical or other errors, will confer a favor by calling our attention to them.

Page [unnumbered] CONTENTS. OVID. PAGE THE METAMORPHOSES: Selections from Books I. -VI., VIII., X., and XI..I THE TRISTIA: Book IV., Elegy IO... 6I VIRGIL. THE BUCOLICS: Eclogues I., III., IV., V., VII., and IX. 65 THE GEORGICS: Books I. and II. 83 THE AENEID: Books I. -VI... 13 HORACE. THE ODES: I. 1-4, 7, 9-12, 14, i6, 22, 24, 26, 3I, 34, 35, 37, 38; II. 2, 3, 9, IO, 13-IS8, 20; III. - 5, 8, i6, 24, 29,.30; IV. 2-4, 7, 9, 14...... ~ 247 THE SECULAR HYMN..... 300 THE EPODES: 2, 7, 13, and i6. -..303 THE SATIRES: I. I, 5,. 6, 9; II. 6.... 309 THE EPISTLES: I. 2, IO, II, I6, 20; II. I, 2 326 THE ART OF POETRY.. 349 NOTES. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS...... 364 THE LIFE OF OVID..... 365 NOTES ON OVID. 369 THE LIFE OF VIRGIL...... 427 NOTES ON VIRGIL...... 432 THE LIFE OF HORACE...... 649 NOTES ON HORACE...... 656

Page [unnumbered]

Page [unnumbered] P. OVID II N ASON IS METAMORPHOSES. LIBER I. AUREA prima sata est aetas, quae vindice nullo, Sponte sua, sine lege fidem rectumque colebat. 90 Poena metusque aberant, nec verba minantia fixo Aere legebantur, nec supplex turba timebat Judicis ora sui, sed erant sine judice tuti. Nondum caesa suis, peregrinum ut viseret orbem, Montibus in liquidas pinus descenderat undas, 95 Nullaque mortales praeter sua litora norant. Nondum praecipites cingebant oppida fossae; Non tuba directi, non aeris cornua flexi, Non galeae, non ensis erat: sine militis usu Mollia securae peragebant otia gentes. I00 Ipsa quoque immunis rastroque intacta, nec ullis Saucia vomeribus, per se dabat omnia tellus; Contentique cibis nullo cogente creatis, Arbuteos foetus montanaque fraga legebant, Cornaque et in duris haerentia mora rubetis, 105 Et quae deciderant patula Jovis arbore glandes. Ver erat aeternum, placidique tepentibus'auris Mulcebant zephyri natos sine semine flores. Mox etiam fruges tellus inarata ferebat, Nec renovatus ager gravidis canebat aristis; I1 Flumina jam lactis, jam flumina nectaris ibant, Flavaque de viridi stillabant ilice mella. I

Page 2 2 P. OVIDII NASONIS Postquam, Saturno tenebrosa in Tartara misso, Sub Jove mundus erat, subiit argentea proles, Auro deterior, fulvo pretiosior aere.: I5 Jupiter antiqui contraxit tempora veris, Perque hiemes aestusque et inaequales autumnos Et breve ver spatiis exegit quatuor annum. Turn primum siccis aer fervoribus ustus Canduit, et ventis glacies adstricta pependit. o20 Tum primum subiere domos: domus antra fuere Et densi frutices et vinctae cortice virgae. Semina tumr primum longis Cerealia sulcis Obruta sunt, pressique jugo gemuere juvenci. Tertia post illas successit ahenea proles, I25 Saevior ingeniis et ad horrida promtior arma, Non scelerata tamen. De duro est ultima ferro. Protinus irrupit venae pejoris in aevum Omne nefas; fugere pudor verumque fidesque; In quorum subiere locum fraudesque dolique 130 Insidiaeque et vis et amor sceleratus habendi. Vela dabant ventis, nec adhuc bene noverat illos Navita; quaeque diu steterant in montibus altis, Fluctibus ignotis insultavere carinae. Communemque prius, ceu lumina solis et aurae, 135 Cautus humum longo signavit limite mensor. Nec tantum segetes alimentaque debita dives Poscebatur humus; sed itum est in viscera terrae, Quasque recondiderat Stygiisque admoverat umbris, Effodiuntur opes, irritamenta malorum. i40 Jamque nocens ferrum, ferroque nocentius aurum Prodierat; prodit bellum, quod pugnat utroque, Sanguineaque manu crepitantia concutit arma. Vivitur ex rapto: non hospes ab hospite tutus, Non socer a genero; fratrum quoque gratia rara est. I45 Imminet exitio vir conjugis, illa mariti; Lurida terribiles miscent aconita novercae; Filius ante diem patrios inquirit in annos.

Page 3 METAMORPH. LIB. r. 3 Victa jacet pietas, et Virgo caede madentes, Ultima coelestum, terras Astraea reliquit. 150 Neve foret terris securior arduus aether, Affectasse ferunt regnum coeleste Gigantas, Altaque congestos struxisse ad sidera montes. Turn pater omnipotens misso perfregit Olympum Fulmine, et excussit subjecto Pelion Ossae. 155 Obruta mole sua quum corpora dira jacerent, Perfusam multo natorum sanguine Terram Immaduisse ferunt calidumque animasse cruorem, Et, ne nulla suae stirpis monumenta manerent, In faciem vertisse hominum. Sed et illa propago i6o Contemtrix superum saevaeque avidissima caedis Et violenta fuit: scires e sanguine natos. Quae pater ut summa vidit Saturnius arce, Ingemit et, facto nondum vulgata recenti, Foeda Lycaoniae referens convivia mensae, I65 Ingentes animo et dignas Jove concipit iras, Conciliumque vocat: tenuit mora nulla vocatos. Est via sublimis, coelo manifesta sereno; Lactea nomen habet, candore notabilis ipso: Hac iter est superis ad magni tecta Tonantis 170 IRegalemque domum. Dextra laevaque deorum Atria nobilium valvis celebrantur apertis; Plebs habitat diversa locis; a fronte potentes Coelicolae clarique suos posuere penates. Hic locus est, quem, si verbis audacia detur, 175 Haud timeam magni dixisse Palatia coeli. Ergo ubi marmoreo superi sedere recessu, Celsior ipse loco sceptroque innixus eburno' Terrificam capitis concussit terque quaterque Caesariem, cum qua terram, mare, sidera movit. 180 Talibus inde modis ora indignantia solvit: Non ego pro mundi regno magis anxius illa Tempestate fui, qua centum quisque parabat Injicere anguipedum captivo brachia coelo:

Page 4 4 P. OVIDII NASONIS Nam, quanquam ferus hostis erat, tamen illud ab uno 185 Corpore et ex una pendebat origine bellum. Nunc mihi, qua totum Nereus circumsonat orbem, Perdendum est mortale genus. Per flumina juro Infera, sub terras Stygio labentia luco, Cuncta prius tentata: sed immedicabile vulnus I90 Ense recidendum est, ne pars sincera trahatur. Sunt mihi Semidei, sunt rustica numina, Nymphae Faunique Satyrique et monticolae Silvani: Quos quoniam coeli nondum dignamur honore, Quas dedimus, certe terras habitare sinamus. I95 An satis, O superi, tutos fore creditis illos, Quum mihi, qui fulmen, qui vos habeoque regoque, Struxerit insidias notus feritate Lycaon? Contremuere omnes, studiisque ardentibus ausum Talia deposcunt. Sic, quum manus impia saevit 200 Sanguine Caesareo Romanum exstinguere nomen, Attonitum tanto subitae terrore ruinae Humanum genus est totusque perhorruit orbis; Nec tibi grata minus pietas, Auguste, tuorum, Quamn fuit illa Jovi. Qui postquam voce manuque 205 Murmura compressit, tenuere silentia cuncti. Substitit ut clamor, pressus gravitate regentis, Jupiter hoc iterum sermone silentia rupit: Ille quidem poenas - curam hanc dimittite - solvit; Quod tamen admissum, quae sit vindicta, docebo. 210 Contigerat nostras infamia temporis aures; Quam cupiens falsam, summo delabor Olympo Et deus humana lustro sub imagine terras. Longa mora est, quantum noxae sit ubique repertum, Enumerare: minor fuit ipsa infamia vero. 215 Maenala transieram, latebris horrenda ferarum, Et cum Cyllene gelidi pineta Lycaei; Arcados hinc sedes et inhospita tecta tyranni Ingredior, traherent quum sera crepuscula noctem. Signa dedi venisse deum, vulgusque precari 220

Page 5 METAMORPH. LIB. I. 5 Coeperat; irridet primo pia vota Lycaon, Mox ait, Experiar, deus hic, discrimine aperto, An sit mortalis, nec erit dubitabile verum. Nocte gravem somno nec opina perdere morte Me parat: haec illi placet experientia veri. 225 Nec contentus eo, missi de gente Molossa Obsidis unius jugulum mucrone resolvit, Atque ita semineces partim ferventibus artus Mollit aquis partim subjecto torruit igni. Quos simul imposuit mensis, ego vindice flamma 230 In dominum dignosque everti tecta Penates. Territus ipse fugit, nactusque silentia ruris Exululat frustraque loqui conatur: ab ipso Colligit os rabiem, solitaeque cupidine caedis Vertitur in pecudes; et nunc quoque sanguine gaudet. 235 In villos abeunt vestes, in crura lacerti; Fit lupus, et veteris servat vestigia formae: Canities eadem est, eadem violentia vultus, Idem oculi lucent, eadem feritatis imago. Occidit una domus; sed non domus una perire 240 Digna fuit: qua terra patet, fera regnat Erinnys; In facinus jurasse putes. Dent ocius omnes, Quas meruere pati - sic stat sententia - poenas. Dicta Jovis pars voce probant stimulosque frementi Adjiciunt; alii partes assensibus implent. 245 Est tamen humani generis jactura dolori Omnibus, et, quae sit terrae niortalibus orbae Forma futura, rogant; quis sit laturus in aras Trura? ferisne paret populandas tradere terras? Talia quaerentes - sibi eniMn fore cetera curae - 250 Rex superum trepidare vetat, sobolemque priori Dissimilem populo promittit origine mira. Jamque erat in totas sparsurus fulmina terras; Sed timuit, ne forte sacer tot ab ignibus aether Conciperet flammas, longusque ardesceret axis. 2~5 Esse quoque in fatis reminiscitur, affore tempus,

Page 6 6 P. OVIDII NASONIS Quo mare, quo tellus correptaque regia coeli Ardeat et mundi moles operosa laboret. Tela reponuntur manibus fabricata Cyclopum: Poena placet diversa, genus mortale sub undis 260 Perdere et ex omni nimbos dimittere coelo. Protinus Aeoliis Aquilonem claudit in antris Et quaecumque fugant inductas flamina nubes, Emittitque Notum. Madidis Notus evolat alis, Terribilem picea tectus caligine vultum; 265 Barba gravis nimbis, canis fluit unda capillis, Fronte sedent nebulae, rorant pennaeque sinusque. Utque manu late pendentia nubila pressit, Fit fragor: hinc densi funduntur ab aethere nimbi. Nuntia Junonis varios induta colores, 270 Concipit Iris aquas alimentaque nubibus affert. Sternuntur segetes, et deplorata colonis Vota jacent longique perit labor irritus anni. Nec coelo contenta suo est Jovis ira; sed illum Caeruleus frater juvat auxiliaribus undis. 275 Convocat hic amnes: qui postquam tecta tyranni Intravere sui, Non est hortamine longo Nunc, ait, utendum: vires effundite vestras - Sic opus est - aperite domos, ac mole remota Fluminibus vestris totas immittite habenas. 280 Jusserat: hi redeunt, ac fontibus ora relaxant, Et defrenato volvuntur in aequora cursu. Ipse tridente suo terram percussit; at illa Intremuit motuque vias patefecit aquarum. Exspatiata ruunt per apertos flumina campos, 285 Cumque satis arbusta sinmul pecudesque virosque Tectaque, cumque suis rapiunt penetralia sacris. Si qua domus mansit potuitque resistere tanto Indejecta malo,. culmen tamen altior hujus Unda tegit, pressaeque latent sub gurgite turres. 290 Jamque mare et tellus nullum discrimen habebant: Omnia pontus erat; deerant quoque litora ponto.

Page 7 METAMORPH. LIB. I. 7 Occupat hic collem; cymba sedet alter adunca Et ducit remos illic, ubi nuper ararat; Ille super segetes aut mersae culmina villae 295 Navigat; hic summa piscem deprendit in ulmo. Figitur in viridi, si fors tulit, ancora prato, Aut subjecta terunt curvae vineta carinae; Et, modo qua graciles gramen carpsere capellae, Nunc ibi deformes ponunt sua corpora phocae. 300 Mirantur sub aqua lucos urbesque domosque Nereides, silvasque tenent delphines et altis Incursant ramis agitataque robora pulsant. Nat lupus inter oves, fulvos vehit unda leones, Unda vehit tigres, nec vires fulminis apro 305 Crura nec ablato prosunt velocia cervo, Quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere possit, In mare lassatis volucris vaga decidit alis. Obruerat tumulos immensa licentia ponti, Pulsabantque novi montana cacumina fluctus. 3Io Maxima pars unda rapitur; quibus unda pepercit, Illos longa domant inopi jejunia victu. Separat Aonios Oetaeis Phocis ab arvis, Terra ferax, dum terra fuit, sed tempore in illo Pars maris et latus subitarum campus aquarum. 3I5 Mons ibi verticibus petit arduus astra duobus, Nomine Parnasus, superatque cacumine nubes. Hic ubi Deucalion - nam cetera texerat aequor Cum consorte tori parva rate vectus adhaesit, Corycidas Nymphas et numina montis adorant 320 Fatidicamque Themin, quae tunc oracla tenebat. Non illo melior quisquam nec amantior aequi Vir fuit, aut illa metuentior ulla deorum. Jupiter ut liquidis stagnare paludibus orbem, Et superesse videt de tot modo millibus unum, 325 Et superesse videt de tot modo millibus unam, Innocuos ambos, cultores numinis ambos, Nubila disjecit, nimbisque aquilone remotis

Page 8 8. P. OVIDII NASONIS Et coelo terras ostendit et aethera terris. Nec maris ira manet, positoque tricuspide telo 330 Mulcet aquas rector pelagi, supraque profundum Exstantem atque humeros innato murice tectum Caeruleum Tritona vocat, conchaeque sonanti Inspirare jubet fluctusque et flumina signo Jam revocare dato. Cava buccina sumitur illi 335 Tortilis, in latum quae turbine crescit ab imo, Buccina, quae medio concepit ubi aera ponto, Litora voce replet sub utroque jacentia Phoebo. Tunec quoque, ut ora dei madida rorantia barba Contigit et cecinit jussos inflata receptus, 340 Omnibus audita est telluris et aequoris undis, Et quibus est undis audita, coircuit omnes. Jam mare litus habet, plenos capit alveus amnes, Flumina subsidunt collesque exire videntur, Surgit humus, crescunt loca decrescentibus undis, 345 Postque diem longam nudata cacumina silvae Ostendunt limumque tenent in fronde relictum. Redditus orbis erat. Quem postquam vidit apertum, Et desolatas agere alta silentia terras, Deucalion lacrimis ita Pyrrham affatur obortis: 350 O soror, O conjux, O femina sola superstes, Quam commune mihi genus et patruelis origo,. Deinde torus junxit, nunc ipsa pericula jungunt, Terrarum, quascumque vident occasus et ortus, Nos duo turba sumus: possedit cetera pontus. 355 Haec quoque adhuc vitae non est fiducia nostrae Certa satis: terrent etiam nunc nubila mentem. Quid tibi, si sine me fatis erepta fuisses, Nunc animi, miseranda, foret? Quo sola timorem Ferre modo posses; quo consolante doleres? 360. Namque ego - crede mihi - si te quoque pontus haberet, Te sequerer, conjux, et me quoque pontus haberet. O utinam possem populos reparare paternis Artibus, atque animas formatae infundere terrae!

Page 9 METAMORPH. LIB. I. 9 Nunc genus in nobis restat mortale duobus 365 Sic visum superis - hominumque exempla manemus. Dixerat, et flebant. Placuit coeleste precari Numen, et auxilium per sacras quaerere sortes. Nulla mora est: adeunt pariter Cephisidas undas, Ut nondum liquidas sic jam vada nota secantes. 370 Inde ubi libatos irroravere liquores Vestibus et capiti, flectunt vestigia sanctae Ad delubra deae, quorum fastigia turpi Pallebant musco, stabantque sine ignibus arae. Ut templi tetigere gradus, procumbit uterque 375 Pronus humi gelidoque pavens dedit oscula saxo, Atque ita, Si precibus, dixerunt, numina justis Victa remollescunt, si flectitur ira deorum, Dic, Themi, qua generis damnum reparabile nostri Arte sit, et mersis fer opem, mitissima, rebus. 380 Mota dea est, sortemque dedit: Discedite templo, Et velate caput cinctasque resolvite vestes, Ossaque post tergum magnae jactate parentis. Obstupuere diu, rumpitque silentia voce Pyrrha prior jussisque deae parere recusat, 385 Detque sibi veniam, pavi do rogat ore, pavetque Laedere jactatis maternas ossibus umbras. Interea repetunt caecis obscura latebris Verba datae sortis secum inter seque volutant: Inde Promethiades placidis Epimethida dictis 390 Mulcet et, Aut fallax, ait, est sollertia nobis, Aut pia sunt nullumque nefas oracula suadent. Magna parens terra est, lapides in corpore terrae Ossa reor- dici: jacere hos post terga jubemur. Conjugis augurio quanquam Titania mota est, 395 Spes tamen in dubio est: adeo coelestibus ambo Diffidunt monitis; sed quid tentare nocebit? Discedunt, velantque caput tunicasque recingunt, Et jussos lapides sua post vestigia mittunt. Saxa - quis hoc credat, nisi sit pro teste vetustas? - 400

Page 10 IO - P. OVIDII NASONIS Ponere duritiem coepere suumque rigorem, Mollirique mora mollitaque ducere formam. Mox, ubi creverunt naturaque mitior illis Contigit, ut quaedam sic non manifesta videri Forma potest hominis, sed, uti de marmore coepta, 405 Non exacta satis rudibusque simillima signis. Quae tamen ex illis aliquo pars humida suco, Et terrena fuit, versa est in corporis usum; Quod solidumn est flectique nequit, mutatur in ossa; Quae modo vena fuit, sub eodem nomine mansit. 40o Inque brevi spatio superorum numine saxa Missa viri manibus faciem traxere virorum, Et de femineo reparata est femina jactu. Inde genus durum sumus experiensque laborum, Et documenta damus, qua simus origine nati. 4I5 LIBER II. REGIA Solis erat sublimibus alta columnis, Clara micante auro flammasque imitante pyropo, Cujus ebur nitidumn fastigia summa tenebat, Argenti bifores radiabant lumine valvae. Materiem superabat opus: nam Mulciber illic s Aequora caelarat medias cingentia terras, Terrarumque orbem, coelumque quod imminet orbi..Caeruleos habet unda deos, Tritona canorum, Proteaque ambiguum, balaenarumque prementem Aegaeona suis immania terga lacertis, IO Doridaque et natas, quarum pars nare videntur, Pars in mole sedens virides siccare capillos, Pisce vehi quaedam; facies non omnibus una, Nec diversa tamnen: qualem decet esse sororum. Terra viros urbesque gerit silvasque. ferasque 15

Page 11 METAMORPH. LIB. II. II Fluminaque et nymphas et cetera numina ruris. Haec super imposita est coeli fulgentis imago, Signaque sex foribus dextris totidemque sinistris. Quo simul acclivo Clymeneia limite proles Venit, et intravit dubitati tecta parentis, 20 Protinus ad patrios sua fert vestigia vultus, Consistitque procul: neque enim propiora ferebat Lumina. Purpurea velatus veste sedebat In solio Phoebus claris lucente smaragdis. A dextrazlaevaque Dies et Mensis et Annus 25 Saeculaque et positae spatiis aequalibus Horae, Verque novum stabat cinctum florente corona; Stabat nuda Aestas et spicea serta gerebat; Stabat et Autumnus calcatis sordidus uvis, Et glacialis Hiems, canos hirsuta capillos. 30 Inde loco medius rerum novitate paventem Sol oculis juvenem, quibus adspicit omnia, vidit, Quaeque viae tibi causa? quid hac, ait, arce petisti, Progenies, Phaethon, haud infitianda parenti? Ille refert: O lux immensi publica mundi, 35 Phoebe pater, si das hujus mihi nominis usum Nec falsa Clymene culpam sub imagine celat, Pignora da, genitor, per quae tua vera propago Credar, et hunc animis errorem detrahe nostris. Dixerat; at genitor circum caput omne micantes, 40 Deposuit radios propiusque accedere jussit, Amplexuque dato, Nec tu meus esse negari Dignus es, et Clymene veros, ait, edidit ortus; Quoque minus dubites, quodvis pete munus, et illud Me tribuente feres: promissi testis adesto 45 Dis juranda palus, oculis incognita nostris. Vix bene desierat, currus petit ille paternos Inque diem alipedum jus et moderamen equorum. Poenituit jurasse patrem, qui terque quaterque Concutiens illustre caput, Temeraria, dixit, 50 Vox mea facta tua est. Utinam promissa liceret

Page 12 I2- P. OVIDII NASONIS Non dare! Confiteor, soluin hoc tibi, nate, negarem. Dissuadere licet. Non est tua tuta voluntas. Magna petis, Phaethon, et quae nec viribus istis Munera conveniunt nec tam puerilibus annis. 55 Sors tua mortalis: non est mortale, quod optas. Plus etiam, quam quod superis contingere fas est, Nescius affectas. Placeat sibi quisque licebit; Non tamen ignifero quisquam consistere in axe Me valet excepto. Vasti quoque rector Olympi, 60 Qui fera terribili jaculatur fulmina dextra, Non agat hos currus: et quid Jove majus habemus? Ardua prima via est et qua vix mane recentes Enituntur equi. Medio est altissima coelo; Unde mare et terras ipsi mihi saepe videre 65 Fit timor, et pavida trepidat formidine pectus. Ultima prona via est, et eget moderamine certo. Tunc etiam, quae me subjectis excipit undis, Ne ferar in praeceps, Tethys solet ipsa vereri. Adde quod assidua rapitur vertigine coelum, 70 Sideraque alta trahit celerique volumine torquet. Nitor in adversum, nec me, qui cetera, vincit Impetus, et rapido contrarius evehor orbi. Finge datos currus. Quid ages? Poterisne rotatis Obvius ire polis, ne te citus auferat axis? 75 Forsitan et lucos illic urbesque deorum Concipias animo delubraque ditia donis Esse. Per insidias iter est formasque ferarum. Utque viam teneas nulloque errore traharis, Per tamen adversi gradieris cornua Tauri, 80 Haemoniosque arcus, violentique ora Leonis, Saevaque circuitu curvantem brachia longo Scorpion, atque aliter curvantem brachia Cancrum. Nec tibi quadrupedes animosos ignibus illis, Quos in pectore habent, quos ore et naribus efflant, 85 In promtu regere est: vix me patiuntur, ubi acres Incaluere animi, cervixque repugnat habenis.

Page 13 METAMORPH. LIB. II. 13 At tu, funesti ne sim tibi muneris auctor, Nate, cave, dum resque sinit, tua corrige vota. Scilicet, ut nostro genitum te sanguine credas, 90 Pignora certa petis: do pignora certa timendo, Et patrio pater esse metu probor. Adspice vultus Ecce meos, utinamque oculos in pectora posses Inserere et patrias intus deprendere curas! Denique quicquid habet dives, circumspice, mundus, 95 Eque tot ac tantis coeli terraeque marisque Posce bonis aliquid: nullam patiere repulsam. Deprecor hoc unum, quod vero nomine poena, Non honor est. Poenam, Phaethon, pro munere poscis. Quid mea colla tenes blandis, ignare, lacertis? Ioo Ne dubita: dabitur - Stygias juravimus undas - Quodcumque optaris; sed tu sapientius opta. Finierat monitus; dictis tamen ille repugnat, Propositumque premit flagratque cupidine currus. Ergo, qua licuit, genitor cunctatus, ad altos Ios Deducit juvenem, Vulcania munera, currus. Aureus axis erat, temo aureus, aurea summae Curvatura rotae, radiorum argenteus ordo; Per juga chrysolithi positaeque ex ordine gemmae Clara repercusso reddebant lumina Phoebo. IIo Dumque ea magnanimus Phaethon miratur opusque Perspicit, ecce vigil rutilo patefecit ab ortu Purpureas Aurora fores et plena rosarum Atria. Diffugiunt stellae, quarum agmina cogit Lucifer et coeli statione novissimus exit. 115 At pater, ut terras mundumque rubescere vidit Cornuaque extremae velut evanescere Lunae, Jungere equos Titan velocibus imperat Horis. Jussa deae celeres peragunt, ignemque vomentes, Ambrosiae suco saturos, praesepibus altis I20 Quadrupedes ducunt, adduntque sonantia frena. Tum pater ora sui sacro medicamine nati Contigit et rapidae fecit patientia flammae,

Page 14 14 P. OVIDII NASONIS Imposuitque comae radios, praesagaque luctus Pectore sollicito repetens suspiria dixit: I25 Si potes his saltem monitis parere parentis, Parce, puer, stimulis, et fortius utere loris: Sponte sua properant; labor est inhibere volentes. Nec tibi directos placeat via quinque per arcus. Sectus in obliquum est lato curvamine limes, I30 Zonarumque trium contentus fine polumque Effugit australem junctamque aquilonibus Arcton. Hac sit iter; manifesta rotae vestigia cernes. Utque ferant aequos et coelum et terra calores, Nec preme nec summum molire per aethera currum: 135 Altius egressus coelestia tecta cremabis, Inferius terras; medio tutissimus ibis. Neu te dexterior tortum declinet ad Anguem, Neve sinisterior pressam rota ducat ad Aram: Inter utrumque tene. Fortunae cetera mando, 140 Quae juvet et melius quam tu tibi consulat, opto. Dum loquor, Hesperio positas in litore metas Humida nox tetigit. Non est mora libera nobis; Poscimur, et fulget tenebris Aurora fugatis. Corripe lora manu, vel, si mutabile pectus 145 Est tibi, consiliis, non curribus utere nostris, Dum potes et solidis etiam nunc sedibus adstas, Dumque male optatos nondum premis inscius axes. Quae tutus spectes, sine me dare lumina terris. Occupat ille levem juvenili corpore currum, I50 Statque super manibusque datas contingere habenas. Gaudet, et invito grates agit inde parenti. Interea volucres, Pyroeis, Eous, et Aethon, Solis equi, quartusque Phlegon, hinnitibus auras Flammiferis implent pedibusque repagula pulsant. s55 Quae pogtquam Tethys, fatorum ignara nepotis, Repulit; et facta est immensi copia mundi, Corripuere viam, pedibusque per aera motis Obstantes scindunt nebulas, pennisque levati

Page 15 METAMORPH. LIB. II. 15 Praetereunt ortos isdem de partibus Euros. i6o Sed leve pondus erat, nec quod cognoscere possent Solis equi, solitaque jugum gravitate carebat; Utque labant curvae justo sine pondere naves, Perque mare instabiles nimia levitate feruntur, Sic onere assueto vacuus dat in aera saltus I65 Succutiturque alte similisque est currus inani. Quod simulac sensere, ruunt tritumque relinquunt Quadrijugi spatium, nec, quo prius, ordine currunt. Ipse pavet, nec qua commissas flectat habenas, Nec scit qua sit iter, nec, si sciat, imperet illis. 170 Tum primum radiis gelidi caluere Triones, Et vetito frustra tentarunt aequore tingi; Quaeque polo posita est glaciali proxima Serpens, Frigore pigra prius nec formidabilis ulli, Incaluit sumsitque novas fervoribus iras. I75 Te quoque turbatum memorant fugisse, Boote, Quamvis tardus eras et te tua Plaustra tenebant. Ut vero summo despexit ab aethere terras Infelix Phaethon.penitus penitusque jacentes, Palluit et subito genua intremuere timore, I80 Suntque oculis tenebrae per tantum lumen obortae. Et jam mallet equos nunquam tetigisse paternos; Jam cognosse genus piget, et valuisse rogando; Jam Meropis dici cupiens, ita fertur, ut acta Praecipiti pinus borea, cui victa remisit I85 Frena suus rector, quam dis votisque reliquit. Quid faciat? Multum coeli post terga relictum, Ante oculos plus est: animo metitur utrumque, Et modo, quos illi fatum contigere non est, Prospicit occasus, interdum respicit ortus; 90o Quidque agat ignarus, stupet, et nec frena remittit Nec retinere valet, nec nomina novit equorum; Sparsa quoque in vario passim miracula coelo Vastarumque videt trepidus simulacra ferarum. Est locus, in geminos ubi brachia concavat arcus 195

Page 16 I6 P. OVIDII NASONIS Scorpios, et cauda flexisque utrimque lacertis Porrigit in spatium signorum membra duorum. Hunc puer ut nigri madidum sudore veneni Vulnera curvata minitantem cuspide vidit, Mentis inops gelida formidine lora remisit. 200 Quae postquam summo sensere jacentia tergo, Exspatiantur equi, nulloque inhibente per auras Ignotae regionis eunt, quaque impetus egit, Hac sine lege ruunt, altoque sub aethere fixis Incursant stellis rapiuntque per avia currum, 205 Et modo summa petunt, modo per decliva viasque Praecipites spatio terrae propiore feruntur. Inferiusque suis fraternos currere Luna Admiratur equos, ambustaque nubila fumant; Corripitur flammis, ut quaeque altissima, tellus, 2I0 Fissaque agit rimas et sucis aret ademtis; Pabula canescunt, cum frondibus uritur arbos, Materiamque suo praebet seges arida damno. Parva queror: magnae pereunt cum moenibus urbes, Cumque suis totas populis incendia gentes 2I5 In cinerem vertunt. Silvae cum montibus ardent: Ardet Athos Taurusque Cilix et Tmolus et Oete, Et tunc sicca, prius celeberrima fontibus, Ide, Virgineusque Helicon et nondum Oeagrius Haemos; Ardet in immensum geminatis ignibus Aetne, 220 Parnasusque biceps et Eryx et Cynthus et Othrys, Et tandem Rhodope nivibus caritura, Mimasque Dindymaque et Mycale natusque ad sacra Cithaeron; Nec prosunt Scythiae sua frigora: Caucasus ardet, Ossaque cum Pindo majorque ambobus Olympus, 225 Airiaeque Alpes et nubifer Apenninus. Tumrn vero Phaethon cunctis e partibus orbem Adspicit accensum, nec tantos sustinet aestus, Ferventesque auras velut e fornace profunda Ore trahit, currusque suos candescere sentit; 230 Et neque jam cineres ejectatamque favillam

Page 17 METAMORPH. LIB. II. 17 Ferre potest, calidoque involvitur undique fumo; Quoque eat aut ubi sit, picea caligine tectus Nescit, et arbitrio volucrum raptatur equorum. Sanguine tunc credunt in corpora summa vocato 235 Aethiopum populos nigrum traxisse colorem; Tunc facta est Libye raptis humoribus aestu Arida; tunc Nymphae passis fontesque lacusque Deflevere comis: quaerit Boeotia Dircen, Argos Amymonen, Ephyre Pirenidas undas. 240 Nec sortita loco distantes flumina ripas Tuta manent: mediis Tanais fumavit in undis, Peneosque senex Teuthranteusque Caicus Et celer Ismenos cum Psophideo Erymantho, Arsurusque iterum Xanthus flavusque Lycormas, 245 Quique recurvatis ludit Maeandros in undis, Mygdoniusque Melas et Taenarius Eurotas; Arsit et Euphrates Babylonius, arsit Orontes, Thermodonque citus Gangesque et Phasis et Ister; Aestuat Alpheos, ripae Spercheides ardent; 250 Quodque suo Tagus amne vehit, fluit ignibus, aurum; Et, quae Maeonias celebrabant carmine ripas, Flumineae volucres medio caluere Caystro. Nilus in extremum fugit perterritus orbem, Occuluitque caput, quod adhuc latet: ostia septem 255 Pulverulerta vacant septem sine flumine valles. Fors eadern Ismarios, Hebrum cum Strymone, siccat Hesperiosque amnnes, Rhenum Rhodanunique Padumque, Cuique fuit rerum promissa potentia, Thybrin. Dissilit omne solum, penetratque in Tartara rimis 260 Lumen et infernum terret cum conjuge regem; Et mare contrahitur, siccaeque est campus arenae Quod modo pontus erat, quosque altum texerat aequor, Exsistunt montes et sparsas Cycladas. augent. Ima petunt pisces, nec se super aequora curvi 265 Tollere consuetas audent delphines in auras. Corpora phocarum summo resupina profundo 2

Page 18 i8 P. OVIDII NASONIS Exanimata natant. Ipsum quoque Nerea fama est Doridaque et natas tepidis latuisse sub antris. Ter Neptunus aquis cum torvo brachia vultu 270 Exserere ausus erat, ter non tulit aeris ignes. Alma tamen Tellus, ut erat circumdata ponto, Inter aquas pelagi contractosque undique fontes, Qui se condiderant in opacae viscera matris, Sustulit omniferos collo tenus arida vultus, 275 Opposuitque manum fronti, magnoque tremore Omnia concutiens paullum. subsedit et infra, Quam solet esse, fuit, siccaque ita voce locuta est: Si placet hoc meruique, quid o tua fulmina cessant, Summe deum? Liceat periturae viribus ignis 280 Igne perire tuo, clademque auctore levare. Vix equidem fauces haec ipsa'in verba resolvo - Presserat ora vapor:- tostos en adspice crines, Inque oculis tantum, tantum super ora favillae. Hosne mihi fructus, hunc fertilitatis honorern 285'Officiique refers, quod adunci vulnera aratri Rastrorumque fero, totoque exerceor anno, Quod pecori frondes, alimentaque mitia, fruges, Humano generi, vobis quoque tura ministro? Sed tamen exitium fac me meruisse: quid undae, 290 Quid meruit frater? Cur illi tradita sorte Aequora decrescunt et ab aethere longius absunt? Quod si nec fratris nec te mea gratia tangit, At coeli miserere tui. Circumspice utrumque: Fumat uterque polus; quos si vitiaverit ignis, 295 Atria vestra ruent. Atlas en ipse laborat, Vixque suis humeris candentem sustinet axem. Si freta, si terrae pereunt, si regia coeli, In chaos antiquum confundimur. Eripe flammis, Si quid adhuc superest, et rerum consule summae. 300 Dixerat haec Tellus; neque enim toler-are vaporem Ulterius potuit nec dicere plura; suumque Retulit os in se propioraque manibus antra.

Page 19 METAMORPH. LIB. II. 19 At pater omnipotens superos testatus et ipsum, Qui dederat currus, nisi opem ferat, omnia fato 305 Interitura gravi, summam petit arduus arcem, Unde solet nubes latis inducere terris, Unde movet tonitrus vibrataque fulmina jactat. Sed neque, quas posset terris inducere, nubes Tunc habuit, nec, quos coelo dimitteret, imbres. 3Io Intonat, et dextra libratum fulmen ab aure Misit in aurigam, pariterque animaque rotisque Expulit, et saevis compescuit ignibus ignes. Consternantur equi, et saltu in contraria facto Colla jugo eripi'unt abruptaque lora relinquunt. 3I5 Illic frena jacent, illic temone revulsus Axis, in hac radii fractarum parte rotarum, Sparsaque sunt late laceri vestigia currus. At Phaethon, rutilos flamma populante capillos, Volvitur in praeceps longoque per aera tractu 320 Fertur, ut interdum de coelo stella sereno, Etsi non cecidit, potuit cecidisse videri. Quem procul a patria diverso maximus orbe Excipit Eridanus, fumantiaque abluit ora. Naides Hesperiae trifida fumantia flamma 325 Corpora dant tumulo, signant quoque carmine saxum: Hic situs est Phaethon, currus auriga paterni: Quem si non tenuit, magnis tamen excidit ausis. Nam pater obductos, luctu miserabilis aegro, Condiderat vultus; et si modo credimus, unum 330 Isse diem sine sole ferunt. Incendia lumen Praebebant, aliquisque malo fuit usus in illo. At Clymene, postquam dixit quaecunque fuerunt In tantis-dicenda malis, lugubris et amens Et laniata sinus totum percensuit orbem, 335 Exanimesque artus primo, mox ossa requirens, Reperit ossa tamen peregrina condita ripa, Incubuitque loco, nomenque in marmore lectum Perfudit lacrimis et aperto pectore fovit.

Page 20 20 P. OVIDII NASONIS Nec minus Heliades fletus et, inania morti 340 Munera, dant lacrimas, et caesae pectora palmis Non auditurum miseras Phaethonta querelas Nocte dieque vocant, adsternunturque sepulcro. Luna quater junctis implerat cornibus orbem: Illae more suo - nam morem fecerat usus — 345 Plangorem dederant. E quis Phaethusa, sororum Maxima, quum vellet terrae procumbere, questa est Diriguisse pedes; ad quam conata venire Candida Lampetie, subita radice retenta est; Tertia, quum crinem manibus laniare pararet, 350 Avellit frondes; haec stipite crura teneri, Illa dolet fieri longos sua brachia ramos. Dumque ea mirantur, complectitur inguina cortex, Perque gradus uterum pectusque humerosque manusque Ambit, et exstabant tantum ora vocantia matrem. 355 Quid faciat mater, nisi, quo trahat impetus illam, Huc eat atque illuc, et, dum licet, oscula jungat? Non satis est: truncis avellere corpora tentat Et teneros manibus ramos abrumpit; tat inde Sanguineae manant tanquam de vulnere guttae. 360 Parce, precor, mater, quaecunque est saucia clamat, Parce, precor: nostrum laceratur in arbore corpus. Jamque vale. - Cortex in verba novissima venit. Inde fluunt lacrimae, stillataque sole rigescunt De ramis electra novis, quae lucidus amnis 365 Excipit et nuribus mittit gestanda Latinis. Affuit huic monstro proles Stheneleia Cygnus, Qui tibi materno quamvis a sanguine junctus, Mente tamen, Phaethon, propior fuit. Ille relicto - Nam Ligurum populos et magnas rexerat urbes - 370 Imperio ripas virides amnemque querelis Eridanum implerat silvamque sororibus auctam; Quum vox est tenuata viro, canaeque capillos Dissimulant plumae, collumque a pectore longe Porrigitur digitosque ligat junctura rubentes, 375

Page 21 METAMORPH. LIB. III. 2I Penna latus velat, tenet os sine acumine rostrum. Fit nova Cygnus avis, nec se coeloque Jovique Credit, ut injuste missi memor ignis ab illo: Stagna petit patulosque lacus, ignemque perosus, Quae colat, elegit contraria flumina flammis. 380 Squalidus interea genitor Phaethontis et expers Ipse sui decoris, qualis, quum deficit orbem, Esse solet, lucemque odit seque ipse diemque, Datque animum in luctus, et luctibus adjicit iram, Officiumque negat mundo. Satis, inquit, ab aevi 385 Sors mea principiis fuit irrequieta, pigetque Actorum sine fine mihi, sine honore, laborum. Quilibet alter agat portantes lumina currus. Si nemo est, omnesque dei non posse fatentur, Ipse agat, ut saltem, dum nostras tentat.habenas, 390 Orbatura patres aliquando fulmina ponat. Turn sciet, ignipedum vires expertus equorum, Non meruisse necem, qui non bene rexerit illos. Talia dicentem circumstant omnia Solem Numina, neve velit tenebras inducere rebus, 395 Supplice voce rogant; missos quoque Jupiter ignes Excusat, precibusque minas regaliter addit. Colligit amentes et adhuc terrore paventes Phoebus equos, stimuloque dolens et verbere saevit; Saevit enim, natumque objectat et imputat illis. 400 * -'* -'k * LIBER III. JAMQUE deus posita fallacis imagine tauri Se confessus erat, Dictaeaque rura tenebat; Quum pater ignarus raptam perquirere Cadmo Imperat, et poenam, si non invenerit, addit Exsilium, facto pius et sceleratus eodem. 5

Page 22 22 P. OVIDII NASONIS Orbe pererrato - quis enim deprendere possit Furta Jovis? - profugus patriamque iramque parentis Vitat Agenorides, Phoebique oracula supplex Consulit et, quae sit tellus habitanda, requirit. Bos tibi, Phoebus ait, solis occurret in arvis, 10 Nullum passa jugum curvique immunis aratri: Hac duce carpe vias et, qua requieverit herba, Moenia fac condas, Boeotiaque illa vocato. Vix bene Castalio Cadmus descenderat antro, Incustoditam lente videt ire juvencam, I5 Nullum servitii signum cervice gerentem. Subsequitur pressoque legit vestigia gressu, Auctoremque viae Phoebum taciturnus adorat. Jam vada Cephisi Panopesque evaserat arva: Bos stetit et, tollens spatiosam cornibus altis 20 Ad coelum frontem, mugitibus impulit auras, Atque ita, respiciens comites sua terga sequentes, Procubuit teneraque latus submisit in herba. Cadmus agit grates, peregrinaeque oscula terrae Figit et ignotos montes agrosque salutat. 25 Sacra Jovi facturus erat: jubet ire ministros Et petere e vivis libandas fontibus undas. Silva vetus stabat, nulla violata securi, Et specus in medio, virgis ac vimine densus, Efficiens humilem lapidum compagibus arcum, 30 Uberibus fecundus aquis: ubi conditus antro Martius anguis erat, cristis praesignis et auro; Igne micant oculi, corpus tumet omne veneno, Tresque vibrant linguae, triplici stant ordine dentes. Quem postquam Tyria lucum de gente profecti 35 Infausto tetigere gradu, demissaque in undas Urna dedit sonitunm, longo caput extulit antro Caeruleus serpens horrendaque sibila misit. Effluxere urnae manibus, sanguisque reliquit Corpus et attonitos subitus tremor occupat artus. 40 Ille volubilibus squamosos nexibus orbes

Page 23 METAMORPH. LIB. III. 23 Torquet, et immensos saltu sinuatur in arcus, Ac media plus parte leves erectus in auras Despicit omne nemus, tantoque est corpore, quanto, Si totum spectes, geminas qui separat Arctos. 45 Nec mora; Phoenicas, sive illi tela parabant Sive fugam, sive ipse timor prohibebat utrumque, Occupat: hos morsu, longis amplexibus illos, Hos necat afflati funesta tabe veneni. Fecerat exiguas jam sol altissimus umbras: 50 Quae mora sit sociis miratur Agenore natus, Vestigatque viros. Tegimen direpta leoni Pellis erat, telum splendenti lancea ferro Et jaculum, teloque animus praestantior omni. Ut nemus intravit, letataque corpora vidit, 55 Victoremque supra spatiosi corporis hostem Tristia sanguinea lambentem vulnera lingua, Aut ultor vestrae, fidissima corpora, mortis Aut tomes, inquit, ero. Dixit, dextraque molarem Sustulit, et magnum magno conamine misit. 60 Illius impulsu cum turribus ardua celsis. Moenia mota forent; serpens sine vulnere mansit, Loricaeque modo squamis defensus et atrae Duritia pellis, validos cute repulit ictus. At non duritia jaculum quoque vicit eadem: 65 Quod medio lentae spinae curvamine fixum Constitit, et toturn descendit in ilia ferrum. Ille, dolore ferox, caput in sua terga retorsit Vulneraque adspexit, fixumque hastile momordit, Idque, ubi vi multa partem labefecit in omnem, 70 Vix tergo eripuit; ferrum tamen ossibus haesit. Tum vero, postquam solitas accessit ad iras Causa recens, plenis tumuerunt guttura venis, Spumaque pestiferos circumfluit albida rictus, Terraque rasa sonat squamis, quique halitus exit 75 Ore niger Stygio vitiatas inficit herbas. Ipse modo immensum spiris facientibus orbem

Page 24 24 P. OVIDII NASONIS Cingitur; interdum longa trabe rectior exstat; Impete nunc vasto, ceu concitus imbribus amnis Fertur, et obstantes proturbat pectore silvas. so Cedit Agenorides paullum, spolioque leonis Sustinet incursus, instantiaque ora retardat Cuspide praetenta. Furit ille, et inania duro Vulnera dat ferro, figitque in acumine dentes. Jamque venenifero sanguis manare palato 85 Coeperat, et virides adspergine tinxerat herbas; Sed leve vulnus erat, quia se retrahebat ab ictu Laesaque colla dabat retro, plagamque sedere Cedendo arcebat nec longius ire sinebat: Donec Agenorides conjectum in gutture ferrum 90 Usque sequens pressit, dum retro quercus eunti Obstitit, et fixa est pariter cum robore cervix. Pondere serpentis curvata est arbor, et imae Parte flagellari gemuit sua robora caudae. Dum spatium victor victi considerat hostis, 95 Vox subito audita est: neque erat cognoscere promtum, Unde; sed audita.est: Quid, Agenore nate, peremtum Serpentem spectas? Et tu spectabere serpens. Ille, diu pavidus, pariter cum mente colorem Perdiderat, gelidoque comae terrore rigebant. IO Ecce, viri fautrix, superas delapsa per auras Pallas adest, motaeque jubet supponere terrae Vipereos dentes, populi incrementa futuri. Paret et, ut presso sulcum patefecit aratro, Spargit humi jussos, mortalia semina, dentes. 105 Inde, fide majus, glebae coepere moveri, Primaque de sulcis acies apparuit hastae, Tegmina mox capitumn picto nutantia cono; Mox humeri pectusque onerataque brachia telis Exsistunt, crescitque seges clypeata virorum. IIO Sic, ubi tolluntur festis aulaea theatris, Surgere signa solent, primumque ostendere vultus Cetera paullatim, placidoque educta tenore

Page 25 METAMORPH. LIB. III. 25 Tota patent, imoque pedes in margine ponunt. Territus hoste novo Cadmus capere arma parabat: IIs Ne cape, de populo quem terra creaverat unus Exclamat, nec te civilibus insere bellis! Atque ita terrigenis rigido de fratribus unum Cominus ense ferit; jaculo cadit eminus ipse. Hic quoque, qui dederat leto, non longius illo I20 Vivit, et exspirat, modo quas acceperat, auras; Exemploque pari furit omnis turba, suoque Marte cadunt subiti per mutua vulnera fratres. Jamque brevis vitae spatium sortita juventus Sanguineam trepido plangebant pectore matrem, I25 Quinque superstitibus, quorum fuit unus Echion. Is sua jecit humi monitu Tritonidis arma, Fraternaeque fidem pacis petiitque deditque. Hos operis comites habuit Sidonius hospes, Quum posuit jussam Phoebeis sortibus urbem. 130 Ille metu vacuus, Nomen mihi, dixit, Acoetes, Patria Maeonia est, humili de plebe parentes. Non mihi, quae duri colerent, pater, arva juvenci, Lanigerosve greges, non ulla armenta reliquit: 585 Pauper et ipse fuit, linoque solebat et hamis, Decipere et calamo salientes ducere pisces; Ars illi sua census erat. Quum traderet artem, Accipe quas habeo, studii successor et heres, Dixit, opes, moriensque mihi nihil ille reliquit 590 Praeter aquas: unum hoc possum appellare paternum. Mox ego, ne scopulis haererem semper in isdem, Addidici regimen dextra moderante carinae Flectere, et Oleniae sidus pluviale Capellae Taygetenque Hyadasque oculis Arctonque notavi, 595 Ventorumque domos et portus puppibus aptos. Forte petens Delon, Chiae telluris ad oras Applicor, et dextris adducor litora remis, Doque leves saltus udaeque immittor arenae.

Page 26 26 P. OVIDII NASONIS Nox ubi consumta est - Aurora rube'scere primumn 6oo Coeperat - exsurgo, laticesque inferre recentes Admoneo, monstroque viam quae ducat ad undas. Ipse, quid aura mihi tumulo promittat ab alto Prospicio, comitesque voco repetoque carinam. Adsumus en! inquit sociorum primus Opheltes, 605 Utque putat, praedam deserto nactus in agro, Virginea puerum ducit per litora forma. Ille, mero somnoque gravis, titubare videtur, Vixque sequi. Specto cultum faciemque gradumque: Nil ibi, quod credi posset mortale, videbam; 6io Et sensi, et dixi sociis: Quod numen in isto Corpore sit, dubito; sed corpore numen in isto est. Quisquis es, o faveas nostrisque laboribus adsis; His quoque des veniam i - Pro nobis mitte precari! Dictys ait, quo non alius conscendere summas 615 Ocior antennas, prensoque rudente, relabi. Hoc Libys, hoc flavus, prorae tutela, Melanthus, Hoc probat Alcimedon et, qui requiemque modumque Voce dabat remis, animorum hortator Epopeus, Hoc omnes alii. Praedae tam caeca cupido est. 620 Non tamen hanc sacro violari pondere pinumn Perpetiar, dixi: pars hic mihi maxima juris. Inque aditu obsisto. Furit audacissimus omni De numero Lycabas, qui Tusca pulsus ab urbe Exsilium dira poenam pro caede luebat. 625 Is mihi, dum resto, juvenili guttura pugno Rupit; et excussum misisset in aequora, si non Haesissem, quanmvis amens, in fune retentus. Impia turba probat factum. Tum denique Bacchus - Bacchus enimr fuerat — veluti clamore solutus 630 Sit sopor aque mero redeant in'pectora sensus, Quid facitis? Quis clamor? ait, Qua, dicite, nautae, Huc ope perveni? Quo me' deferre paratis?Pone metum, Proreus, et quos contingere portus Ede velis, dixit: terra sistere petita. 635

Page 27 METAMORPH. LIB. III. 27 Naxon, ait Liber, cursus advertite vestros: Illa mihi domus est; vobis erit hospita tellus. Per mare fallaces perque omnia numina jurant, Sic fore, meque jubent pictae dare vela carinae. Dextera Naxos erat:. dextra mihi lintea danti, 640 Quid facis, o demens'? Quis te furor, inquit, Acoete, Pro se quisque, tenet? laevam pete! Maxima nutu Pars mihi significat, pars, quid velit, aure susurrat. Obstupui, Capiatque aliquis moderamina! dixi, Meque ministerio scelerisque artisque removi. 645 Increpor a cunctis, totumque immurmurat agmen; E quibus Aethalion, Te scilicet omnis in uno Nostra salus posita est! ait, et subit ipse meumque Explet opus, Naxoque petit diversa relicta. Tum deus illudens, tanquam modo denique fraudem 650so Senserit, e puppi ponturn prospectat adunca, Et flenti similis, Non haec mihi litora, nautae, Promisistis, ait; non haec mihi terra rogata est. Quo merui poenam facto? Quae gloria vestra est, Si puerum juvenes, si multi fallitis unum? 6ss Jamdudum flebam; lacrimas manus impia nostras Ridet, et impellit properantibus aequora remis. Per tibi nunc ipsum - neque enim praesentior illo Est deus - adjuro, tam me tibi vera referre, Quam veri majora fide: stetit aequore puppis 660 Haud aliter, quam si siccum navale teneret. Illi admirantes remorum in verbere perstant, Velaque deducunt, geminaque ope currere tentant: Impediunt hederae remos, nexuque recurvo Serpunt et gravidis distringunt vela corymbis. 665 Ipse, racemiferis frontem circumdatus uvis, Pampineis agitat velatam frondibus hastam; Quem circa tigres simulacraque inania lyncum Pictarumque jacent fera corpora pantherarum. Exsiluere viri; sive hoc insania fecit, 670 Sive timor; primusque Medon nigrescere pinnis

Page 28 28 P. OVIDII NASONIS Corpore depresso, et spinae curvamina flecti Incipit. Huic Lycabas, In quae miracula, dixit, Verteris? et lati rictus et panda loquenti Naris erat, squamarique cutis durata trahebat. 675 At Libys, obstantes dum vult obvertere remos, In spatium resilire manus breve vidit; et illas Jam non esse manus, jam pinnas posse vocari. Alter, ad intortos cupiens dare brachia funes, Brachia non habuit, truncoque repandus in undas 680 Corpore desiluit; falcata novissima cauda est, Qualia dimidiae sinuantur cornua lunae..Undique dant saltus, multaque adspergine rorant, Emerguntque iterum redeuntque sub aequora rursus, Inque chori ludunt speciem lascivaque jactant 685 Corpora, et acceptum patulis mare n'aribus efflant. De modo viginti -tot enim ratis illa ferebat - Restabam solus. Pavidum gelidumque trementi Corpore, vixque meum firmat deus, Excute, dicens, Corde metum, Diamque tene! Delatus in illam 690 Accessi sacris Baccheaque festa frequento. * * * * * LIBER IV. PYRAMUS et Thisbe, juvenum pulcherrimus alter, 55 Altera, quas Oriens habuit, praelata puellis, Contiguas tenuere domos, ubi dicitur altam Coctilibus muris cinxisse Semiramis urbem. Notitiam primosque gradus vicinia fecit, Tempore crevit amor: taedae quoque jure coissent; 60 Sed vetuere patres. Quod non potuere vetare, Ex aequo captis ardebant mentibus ambo. Conscius omnis abest: nutu signisque loquuntur;

Page 29 METAMORPH. LIB. IV. 29 Quoque magis tegitur, tectus magis aestuat ignis. Fissus erat tenui rima, quam duxerat olim, 65 Quum fieret, paries domui communis utrique: Id vitium nulli per saecula longa notatum - Quid non sentit amor? - primi vidistis amantes, Et vocis fecistis iter, tutaeque per illud Murmure blanditiae minimo transire solebant. 70 Saepe, ut constiterant hinc Thisbe, Pyramus illinc, Inque vices fuerat captatus anhelitus oris, Invide, dicebant, paries, quid amantibus obstas? Quantum erat, ut sineres nos toto corpore jungi; Aut hoc si nimium, vel ad oscula danda pateres 1 75 Nec sumus ingrati: tibi nos debere fatemur, Quod datus est verbis ad amicas transitus aures. Talia diversa nequicquam sede locuti, Sub noctem dixere vale, partique dedere Oscula quisque suae, non pervenientia contra. 80 Postera nocturnos Aurora removerat ignes, Solque pruinosas radiis siccaverat herbas; Ad solitum coiere locum. Tum murmure parvo Multa prius questi, statuunt, ut nocte silenti Fallere custodes foribusque excedere tentent, 8s Quumque domo exierint, urbis quoque claustra relinquant; Neve sit errandum lato spatiantibus arvo, Conveniant ad busta Nini, lateantque sub umbra Arboris: arbor ibi, niveis uberrima pomis, Ardua morus erat, gelido contermina fonti. 90 Pacta placent, et lux, tarde discedere visa, Praecipitatur aquis, et. aquis nox surgit ab isdem. Callida per tenebras versato cardine Thisbe Egreditur fallitque suos, adopertaque vultum Pervenit ad tumulum, dictaque sub arbore sedit. 95 Audacem faciebat amor. Venit ecce recenti Caede leaena boum spumantes oblita rictus, Depositura sitim vicini fontis in unda. Quam procul ad lunae radios Babylonia Thisbe

Page 30 30 P. OVIDII NASONIS Vidit, et obscurum timido pede fugit in antrum, Ioo Dumque fugit, tergo velamina lapsa reliquit. Ut lea saeva sitim multa compescuit unda, Dum redit in silvas, inventos forte sine ipsa Ore cruentato tenues laniavit amictus. Serius egressus vestigia videt in alto Ic5 Pulvere certa ferae totoque expalluit ore Pyramus. Ut vero vestema quoque sanguine tinctam Reperit: Una duos, inquit, nox perdet amantes: E quibus illa fuit longa dignissima vita; Nostra nocens anima est: ego te, miseranda, peremi, IIo In loca plena metus qui jussi nocte venires, Nec prior huc veni. Nostrum divellite corpus, Et scelerata fero consumite viscera morsu, O quicumque sub hac habitatis rupe, leones! Sed timidi est optare necem - Velamina Thisbes II5 Tollit, et ad pactae secum fert arboris umbram; Utque dedit notae lacrimas, dedit oscula, vesti, Accipe nunc, inquit, nostri quoque sanguinis haustus! Quoque erat accinctus, demisit in ilia ferrum. Nec mora, ferventi moriens e vulnere traxit, 120 Et jacuit resupinus humi: cruor emicat alte, Non aliter quam quum vitiato fistula plumbo Scinditur et tenui stridente foramine longas Ejaculatur aquas, atque ictibus aera rumpit. Arborei fetus adspergine caedis in atram 125 Vertuntur faciem, madefactaque sanguine radix Puniceo tingit pendentia mora colore. Ecce metu nondum posito, ne fallat amantem, Illa redit, juvenemque oculis animoque requirit, Quantaque vitarit narrare pericula gestit; 130 Utque locum et visam cognovit in arbore formam Sic facit incertam pomi color - haeret, an haec sit. Dum dubitat, tremebunda videt pulsare cruentum Memnbra solum, retroque pedem tulit, oraque buxo Pallidiora gerens exhorruit aequoris instar, I35

Page 31 METAMORPH. LIB. IV. 3I Quod fremit exigua quum summum stringitur aura. Sed postquam remorata suos cognovit amores, Percutit indignos claro plangore lacertos, Et, laniata comas amplexaque corpus amatum, Vulnera supplevit lacrimis fletumque cruori 140 Miscuit, et gelidis in vultibus oscula figens, Pyrame, clamavit, quis te mihi casus ademit? Pyrame, responde: tua te carissihma Thisbe Nominat! Exaudi, vultusque attolle jacentes! Ad nomen Thisbes oculos jam morte gravatos I45 Pyramus erexit, visaque recondidit illa. Quae postquam vestemque suam cognovit, et ense Vidit ebur vacuum, Tua te manus, inquit, amorque Perdidit, infelix. Est et mihi fortis in unum Hoc manus, est et amor; dabit hic in vulnera vires. 150 Persequar exstinctum, letique miserrima dicar Causa comesque tui; quique a me morte revelli Heu sola poteras, poteris nec morte revelli. Hoc tamen amborum verbis estote rogati, 0 multum miseri, meus illiusque, parentes, 155 Ut, quos certus amor, quos hora novissima junxit, Componi tumulo non invideatis eocldem. At tu, quae ramis arbor miserabile corpus Nunc tegis unius, mox es tectura duorum, Signa tene caedis, pullosque et luctibus aptos i6o Semper habe fetus, gemini monumenta cruoris. Dixit, et aptato pectus mucrone sub imum Incubuit ferro, quod adhuc a caede tepebat. Vota tamen tetigere deos, tetigere parentes: Nam color in pomno est, ubi permaturuit, ater; 165 Quodque rogis superest, una requiescit in urna. Sed tamen ambobus versae solatia formae Magna nepos dederat, quem debellata colebat 6os India, quem positis celebrabat Achaia templis. Solus Abantiades ab origine cretus eadem

Page 32 32 P. OVIDII NASO

[Gloria]

8
CATULLOCALVOS
SATURA
Iohanni comiti Codronchio Argelio
senatori sacra
Ibat per
Veteres
tunicatus forte
Tabernas
quidam annis iuvenis nec voltu serior idem,
bellus et urbanus, nihil indefessus agendo.
Si toga des
t umeris, digito non, thunice, laevae,
5
anule, non destis levibus, sicyonia, talis.
Praeterea flavos, procero corpore, sic ut
trans ripas fortasse Padi crevisse putares.
Cetera nil optet puero nutricula, quod non
huic uno tribuat, formam, rem, denique men
tem,
10
aspectu quivis, nisi quid color arguit albus
atque inducta genis oculorum longior umbra.
Venerat ad nonam pedetemtim a Castore pilam,
qua crotalis sonat et mima saltante taberna:
exadversus adest statura parvolus alter,
15
mundus et acer et is qui
vano plurima gestu
secum ageret, digitis conclusis rite duobus,
saepius extendens infesto pollice dextram.
Perstrictus taciti strepitu certaminis auris
cauponam pernix evaserat, ecce
«
Quid?
»
audit
20
«quo videor, Licini, tibi casu struma Vatini?
nam minita
bundus praeter nos ire parabas.
Effluxitne animo quod heri convenit? Adesdum!»
«O Valeri, mi feste dies» respondit, «at adsum.
Nescioquid mecum gradiens meditabar et ultra
25
quam vellem mentis nos impetus ipse ferebat.
Quid tu, belle? satin recte? Sed pal
lor amantem
arguit. Heu vereor ne exerceat illa
βοῶπις
Alciden Iuno te alium. Cave.
Consulis uxor
est, si non ea
dem Iovis est uxorque sororque!»
30
«
Nugaris, Licini: nihil hoc
»
ait
«
adtinet ad nos.
Amentis, nec amantis erat
»
.
«
Cur? scire laboro.
Dic nobis
» inquit «sodes,
ἵνα εἴδομεν ἄμφω
».
«Nosti: non vir me consul, non Iuppiter ipse
deterreret, ut iste bonus deterret adulter,
35
qui colit, urguet, amat, qui rursus respuit, odit,
istud qui nomen de more
βοώπιδι
fecit».
«Num Cicero?» «Cicero». «Qui? quaeso.
Nonne
patronus
optimus
...?» «Em! fateor talem mihi, stante corona,
visum, cum graviter sit sanctum dixit
apud vos
40
hoc igitur nomen
(meministin, Calve?)
poetae
.
Nunc aliud longe est
»
.
«
Quine ipsos saepe poetas
eludit
...
»
«
Sine nos eludat, iure vocet nos
cantores
, dum ne mox ipse poemata tangat!»
«Dum ne, inquam, desiderio se venditet ultro,
9
45
false, tuo! Sed macte, puer, virtute: nihildum
profecit, nihil, adiuro, post proficiet, si
vera Terentia, quod dicunt, praesensit».
«
Ain tu?
»
«
Sic
»
.
«
Me, ocelle, b
eas
»
.
«Et ab hoc metuo Pulchello,
Patri
quem dicunt
Patriae
ne forte mali quid
50
apportetur. At hora abiit iam tota. Tabernam
cur cessas intrare pudens?» «I prae, sequar».
«
Euge!
»
Ut consederunt, melioris copa lagenam
iussa notae tulit et cyathos. Potatur
. Utrumque
movit deinde pedum et manuum crotalistria plausu:
55
te magis heu, Valeri. Nam dum fiagrantibus illi
imminet hic oculis et toto pectore, lapsae
forte pugillares ita defluxere tabellae
in mensam. Quibus obrepsisti, Calve, sinistra.
Arripit et sub
ito legit et pronuntiat
Ille
60
mi par esse deo
...
«Iam Calvom iure vocem te,
Marrucine Asini?» conclamat «redde» Catullus
«redde pugillares». «Ad calcem dum veniam, sis».
«O sectumque mala mihi sutumque alite buxum!
Moecha mihi pridem quod ridens involat
, et nunc ...
»
65
«Nunc minime tibi moechus ego; magis, inprobe, moecho.
Qualis enim est, cyathis totidem quae pulchra bibatur
Lesbia, quot bibitur Celeris, si collibet, uxor?
Heu vere statuo nimium gestire Catullum!»
«Ten sanum, iucunde, rear?» «Si scribe
re versus
70
insani est, dicas ambo insanire licebit».
Arreptoque stilo coepit perarare tabellas.
It stilus et tenui proscindit vomere ceram:
nusquam haeret nec cunctatur nec vertitur umquam.
I
EIDOLON HELENAE
Otium, Valeri, tibi molestum est.
75
Somnia
s vigil atque vana captas
nubila, aera solitudinemque,
seu quid vanius est inaniusque.
Namque femina non id est, quod ipsa est,
sed quod esse cupis, quod esse reris
80
tute eam; tibi non amatur ipsa,
sed tuae mera mentis umbra quaedam.
Idaeaque Helenen tra
his biremi,
concupiscis, haves, amas, potiris,
pugnasque et cruciaris interisque:
85
tu quidem excruciabere et peribis:
in Pharo latet insula puella,
quam verax habitat senex marinus.
Tum, Valeri, certas aequatam currere ceram.
It manus et metam velox evi
tat et addit
90
in spatia: inversa buxum conscribitur hasta.
10
II
ALAUDAE
Tintinant aures mihi nuntiantes
non ita absenti bona verba dici,
mens nec ipsa iam meliora de me
sentit et adfert.
95
Quin et ex alto videor mihi corde
omen exaudire malum, velut s
i
tu gemas, orto Cane, parra, nulli
conspicienda.
Sentio: sed quid faciam? Voluptas
100
altior sensus animumque tangit
et beat, monstrent licet haec et illa et
omnia letum.
Inminent campis nebulae malignis,
alites ipsis nebulis rapaces:
105
garriunt vero
super has et illas
semper alaudae.
Hinc voluit propriis Calvom meminisse Priapi
versiculis, elegis Sileni Musa Catullum.
III
PRIAPUS
Sola deliciis suis destituta puella
110
quaedam reptat in hortulo, subrubent ubi mala,
iamque humi cucumis viret, iam
cucurbita pallet.
Tristis adloquitur senem mox puella Priapum:
«Cur, quaeso, iuvenis iubet me valere, Priape,
cuius in tenero fides tanta amore reperta est?
115
cui nemo facinus volens exprobraverit, unum
praeter hoc miserae mihi, nolit ipse quod unus?
Qui
tamen sequitur malam stultus omnivolamque
feminam, et magis et magis tanto deperit illam
quanto digna minus minusque et videtur et ipsa est
»
.
120
Cui Priapus: «In hortulo falce qui tibi tutus
est mea, aspice ut mala dulcia pendent,
aspice ut tibi et inmin
ent sorba livida eidem.
Quae si sponte cadunt, legis sorba, mala relinquis.
Namque dulcem ab eo trahunt ipso sorba
125
unde amarities venit multa marcida malis.
Haec contusa, puto, levi quamvis volnere sordent,
haec sunt in pretio magis quo sunt putidiora»
.
IV
SILENUS
11
«Te clausum gleba Pariorum marmoris una
in lapicidinis delituisse ferunt
130
Aevi qui cursum, qui longa silentia labi
audieris longis pervigil auriculis;
cum vero cunei diviso marmore glebam
solverunt, exstas protinus e lapide:
dic age,
quae tantum diducat labra voluptas
135
et quo sis nobis nomine rite deus
»
.
«
Nullus eram latuique diu Silenus, et idem
hic Genius bruti marmoris usque fui.
Nil circum nisi marmor erat, pars marmoris ipse:
sic magno mixta est parvola gutta mari.
140
Hic Am
or uda tuens, hic mecum nuda latebat
emergens pelago Praxitelia Venus,
hic Bacchus mecum florens, hic Maenades; euhoe!
nocturnoque lapis murmure plenus erat».
Hic ubi facundi calices hausere Falerni,
145
alterni dicunt discordi carmine Noctem.
V
NOCTI
S PARTES PRIORES
Abibat in crepusculum dies nimis morata.
Inops, amore perditus, domo remotus,
«
Inger,
vini ministeri
»
inquit
«
scyphos meracioris
»
.
Ut lychnus igne floruit, iam prima fax bibentis
150
rugis videt senilibus frontem solutiorem.
Cubare tempus
ut fuit, caput mihi bibenti,
quae me, puella, fugeras, exoscularis absens.
Ut tempus omne defuit, me visus est bibente
adesse tinnulum mihi qui commodaret aurum;
155
mediaque nocte principes et plebs domum bibentem
magnis vocare plausibus me; rex et audie
bam.
VI
NOCTIS PARTES ALTERAE
Ut galli cecinere, illud
Ave et perpetuo vale
invitus recolo, quod neque, lux, audieram libens.
Quare, sic ut erant cuncta gravi pressa silentio,
160
omnes adfuerunt iam positae sollicitudines.
Subversos calices deseruit ly
chnus et in nigris
me solum tenebris et memorem destituit mei.
Dilucescit: abest et genetrix et pater et domus,
telluremque aliam sol alius detegit exsuli.
165
Tum tardo sulcant ambo mucrone tabellas.
Te, Circe, Calvos canit et te, Anticle, Catullus.
VII
12
CIRCE
Ut Sole nata Circe semel adtigit oculis
heroa, subitus aegros amor inpulit animos;
itaque ad pedes viri amens provolvitur; ab eo,
170
prensis genubus, amorem petit anxia misere.
Quid alumnus ibi Iovis, quid populator urbium?
Simul undique pepulit
lux umbras nova resides,
socii ducem foventes calida stabula sues
limis vident Ulixen fera per nemora gradi
175
Comes est itineris illi vaga cerva pede levi.
Hanc virgula cohercens, quocumque cupit, agit,
quae virgula sociorum male terga tetigerat.
Cicures
que iam leones domitique modo lupi
surgunt eramque longis ululatibus agitant.
VIII
ANTICLUS
180
Dimicat Anticlus: pugnanti personat auris
cognita longinqua maga vox a coniuge, clausum
quae vox nuper equi lignea conmorat in alvo.
paene vir et socios et s
e ipsum prodidit amens,
absentis vocem simul excepit Hypereas
185
ni manibus multaque os conpressisset Ulixes
vi respondenti iamiamque exire volenti.
«
Infans! non coniunx
»
inquit
«
tibi: Tyndaris haec est,
quae teque in letum vocat et communiter omnis!
»
Sic
erat: ille memor carae nunc coniugis instat
190
et furit in Troas facibus nocturnus et hasta,
donec Deiphobi pugnans procumbit ad aedis.
Ardebant aedes, cum vir iam mortis in ipso
limine conspexit Menelaum.
«
Rex,
»
ait
«
audi!
si quicquam de te meritus proc
ul omnibus aegre,
195
invitus, morior carisque parentibus atque
fratribus atque domo, me fac Helene Ledaea
visat et, ut nuper, voces imitetur amatae
coniugis: hoc fuerit pro tantis luctibus unum,
coniugis audita si tantum voce quiescam».
200
Annuit armipot
ens casum miseratus amici.
Ut vero (clara cingunt incendia fiamma)
prodiit et lento coram gradiens incessu
Tyndaris Anticlo semel adstitit admiranti,
«Ne, dea, ne quicquam, quaeso, Iove nata, loquaris»
205
inquit «ut aspectam moribundo pectore portem
unam
te servemque memor, neu vita sub umbras
cum lacrimis fugiat sese miserata».
Nec illinc
declinans oculos paulatim est obrutus umbra.
Tum duo versiculis vates caelestia tangunt:
13
210
Hesperus adridet Calvo, sed Luna Catullo.
IX
HESPERUS
Ne, puer, maledixe
ris
linquens Lucifero domum
cum patris grege, cum pedo,
quod tu, Lucifer ut iubet,
215
peram sumis abisque;
unus et peragras agros
tu quidem, unus et emicat
caelo Lucifer, atque alau
-
dae superne canunt, sonant
220
tintinnabula terris.
Perge, ne maledi
c, puer,
namque vespere te domum
sidus et referet.
Domi
ligna sunt, puer, in foco,
225
mater est, bona puls est.
Unus et peragras humi
tu quidem, unus et emicat
sublime Hesperus: abstulit
Lucifer, referet novo
230
nomine Hesperus idem.
Nupta, tu quoque
ne nimis
criminare, quod Hesperus
tardus haereat (hoc quidem
tu tecum, bona sed palam
235
carpis advenientem):
uxor in thalamo viri
mane cras eadem nimis

[Gloria]

13
210
Hesperus adridet Calvo, sed Luna Catullo.
IX
HESPERUS
Ne, puer, maledixe
ris
linquens Lucifero domum
cum patris grege, cum pedo,
quod tu, Lucifer ut iubet,
215
peram sumis abisque;
unus et peragras agros
tu quidem, unus et emicat
caelo Lucifer, atque alau
-
dae superne canunt, sonant
220
tintinnabula terris.
Perge, ne maledi
c, puer,
namque vespere te domum
sidus et referet.
Domi
ligna sunt, puer, in foco,
225
mater est, bona puls est.
Unus et peragras humi
tu quidem, unus et emicat
sublime Hesperus: abstulit
Lucifer, referet novo
230
nomine Hesperus idem.
Nupta, tu quoque
ne nimis
criminare, quod Hesperus
tardus haereat (hoc quidem
tu tecum, bona sed palam
235
carpis advenientem):
uxor in thalamo viri
mane cras eadem nimis
criminabere, quod nimis
Lucifer properet, novo
240
nomine Hesperus idem.
X
LUNA
Luna, quae vag
a vertici
montis et tacitis casis
inmines et anhelitu
lucidos legis amnis,
245
te canam miseris piam,
Luna, nam simul occidit
Sol et aurea cum die
Spes hinc avolat omnis;
non eam sinis exsulem
250
tunc abire, sed excipis
candido trepidam sinu
vestis, Lun
a, vietae;
14
induis trepidae tuum
lumen, atque silentiis
255
rosidis madidam tuis
huc Spem, Luna, remittis:
facta quae leve Somnium
clausas ingreditur domos,
exilisque, ope qua solet,
260
dormientibus adstat.
Haec tu, Calve, supervolitans levis aequora
cerae:
XI
NESTOR
Eamus! Ecquis ancorale solvere
moratur? ecquis alba vela pandere?
Eamus atque iam petamus insulas
265
ubi est Achillis umbra praepetis pedes.
Humi haeret hasta, currus adstat, hordeo
equi fruuntur, arbori ipse se applicat;
sub arbore um
bra Nestoris sedet senis.
«
Fuisse pauper
»
Aeaci nepos ait
270
«
colonus atque pauperis, senex, quoque
bubulcus ipse, sed diutius quidem
fuisse mallet hic! Quid interest enim,
age, omnibus vel imperare mortuis?»
«Deosne» Nestor inquit «inmemor tui
275
lacess
is usque, praeter une ceteros
beate? Namque quicquid istud est, quod es,
adhuc iuventa prima suppetit tibi
equosque iungis excitasque pulverem.
Ego ille iure, qui prius Gerenius
280
eques vocabar omnibus, querar magis
senex perennis usquequaque desidens
»
.
Haec haerens uno versu tu quoque, Catulle:
XII
REDITUS
Eamus: esse nuntium ferunt matri
non belle. Eamus: heu piae malest matri
285
periculose cara mater aegrotat,
exstinguitur. Citata me rapit raeda.
Est foedus aer, stridulo natant imbri
viae. Domum n
anciscor. Adferunt:
«
Actum est.
Iam nec potest videre nec potest fari;
290
matrisque membra solvit ultimum frigus
»
.
Accedo. At oculum mater adlevat: fatur:
«
Quin facitis ignem? pupulus meus friget
»
.
15
Alterni posthac referunt haec ordine vates:
XIII
AMOR
1
Ut violae circa ripas et flumina, cum ver
295
incipit et clari vicerunt frigora soles,
permulcent auras, procul et via fragrat odore
et procul aeria fruitur novitate viator:
at propius cupide ripas accede, viator:
nullus odor naris temptabit, nulla vol
uptas:
300
sic et amor: dum primus abest, dum fervet oletque:
si propius tandem, victus dulcedine, tangis,
iam nec olet nec fervet amor nec denique quicquam est.
2
Ut flos in clausis humilis viget hesperis hortis
inter odoratas violas et lilia, nullo
305
in pretio, quippe ex se nullum exspiret odorem:
praeteriens luci despectat iure viator:
ast idem redeat multa vel nocte viator:
nocte olet et secum vigil aurea sidera mulcet:
sic amor: ut luci despectent, ut male volgo
310
audiat; ut tranquilla quies adve
nit et umbra
ille animum quodam secretum ture vaporat.
Hic Calvos:
«
Satis est lusum: labor ultimus hic est
»
.
XIV
MEL
At tu, Catulle, somnia, ut lubet: licet
captare nubes, experiri Lesbiam.
315
Tua, ut leo, in te patere, saeve, verbera,
sine illa taetr
a peste morboque inplicet,
expellat omni pectore omne gaudium,
perurat intestina! Nam quid adtinet?
Flores amaros apibus offerat salix:
320
apes amaro ex flore dulce mel liquant.
Tristisque amor progignet iste carmina
saeclis futura plurimis dulcedini.
Co
nsurgunt tandem, nam serior appetit umbra.
Mox vero ut minime iuvisset cena Catullum,
325
non oculos somnus noctu texisset (at illum
excepit, lecto deserto, lectulus, et sic
fecit, Calve, tibi parvom, iucunde, poema),
ipse, puto, dixit, nec me narrare nece
sse est.
16
v. 128 sqq. Plin. H. N. XXXVI 4, 2: in Pariorum (lapicidinis) mirabile proditur, gleba lapidis unius cuneis dividentium
soluta, imaginem Sileni exstitisse.
v. 180 sqq. Cfr. Hom. Od. IV 286 sqq.
v. 294 sqq. Plin. H. N. XXI 18: odor suavior e longi
nquo propius hebetatur ut violae.
v. 303 sqq. Plin. H. N. XXI, 18 hesperis noctu magis olet, inde nomine invento.
17
MORETUM
Eluctabatur pedes udam forte Capenam
Quintus Horatius: hac venientia plaustra repellunt,
hac designator queribundi funeris urget.
Dumque hinc ille rotas, illinc funalia vitat,
5
raucus et hinc lippo convicia dicit agaso
illinc deposito non laudat praefica lesso,
en calidis manni cervicem naribus afflant,
et vati cita raeda femur prope radit anhelo:
cum sonat a raeda vox Maecenatis: «
Horati,
10
annon Musa vetat vatem reptare pedestrem?
Tollam te: medius nostri conside: latebis,
si quis Brutus adhuc circum monumenta vagatur».
Cui Flaccus:
«
Brutos, pater optime, nil moror:
hic, ne Vedius occurrat, vereor magis
»
. Hinc sedet inter
15
urban
um ridens ac ... quis fuit alter? ... agrestem.
Raeda viros rapit: octipedem sonat Appia plausum.
Elabebantur, vixdum conspecta, sepulcra
ex oculis, motaeque basi per inane columnae
certabant raedam subito contingere cursu.
20
Tum sculpti pueri faculas pra
etendere dextra
marmoreoque sequi vivos maerore puellae.
«Ecce tibi» Flacco Maecenas aure susurrat
«rure, puto, redit ille: fuit praesaga tibi mens:
obvius est nobis: multarum turba rotarum
25
saxaque quadrupedans plaudit quadrata tumultus».
Nam bina in pr
ima veniebant esseda fronte
plena ciniflonum, cosmetarum, balatronum:
deinceps Bithynos leviter porrecta per armos
octaphoros lectica: patent utrimque fenestrae:
30
intus mima cubat: myrrhaque vaporat euntes.
Tum carruca subit phaleratis iuncta caballis,
p
lena ipso. Sedet ille caput suffultus obesum
molli pulvino: tumidi sic omnia circum
praetereunt oculi: corrugant omnia nasum
35
Non bene olet tellus et caeli mundus homullo!
Quare reticulum nebulis et lumine textum
admovet ad nares clauso cum flore rosarum
.
Hic Flaccus:
«
Quis homo est qui sic oggannit ad aurem
pumilio vetus huic sceleri? Quibus obsita setis
40
frons, quibus et rugis cortex diffissa cicadae!
Hic est ille, canit velut alter Homerus, apud quem
evomat et dictu mala Vedius et bona, quemque
consu
ltet quonam faciat servetque modo rem ...»
Cui sic Maecenas: «Annon lippire putem te?
45
Simiolum cernis, non cernis (inunguere!) nanum:
stat multo pluris capitis pecus ista canini:
progenuere Syri
»
. Tum Flaccus:
«
Di pecudum par
pervertant! Fenum quod mann
is proicit, esse
debet herus
»
.
«
Mannine fame morientur? At horum
18
50
est nullus, Syrio qui non sit natus onagro
»
.
Haec dum Maecenas loquitur, iam Vedius illos
errones oculos ad par adiecit equorum
adversum: raedam dein dedignatus, ad ipsum
venit herum: supp
lexque admovit ad oscula dextram.
55
«I nunc» mox raeda praeter dicebat eunte
Flaccus «et huic pare legio romana tribuno!
At cum contuleris servili pila ligoni,
ante renidentes ferro quam longa cohortes
expedias, ostende ducem, notaque Quiritem
60
admirabu
ntur fugitivi compede tritum.
Siccine rostra fori Davum videre togatum?
Dama viam sacram praetexta verrat, et intus
muraenas servus consorti carne saginet?
hunc et ad ingenuam princeps admittere mensam
65
audeat?»
Hic placide Maecenas: «Hora quota est?
Heu
! sol nimius multusque dies. Recitate, poetae,
quod tamquam puris animum refrigeret undis.
Vatis idem carmen mihi, quod numerosus aquae fons,
quem procul audivit sitiens mussare viator.
70
Est iter et vitae labor: errantemque poeta
invitat: "Venias! hic es
t aqua dulcis et umbra!
quid magis exoptes? viridique in gramine somnus."
Civibus hoc magnum dulci suadete loquela,
"siquis fonticulo possit finire sitim, ne
75
flumen amet: quodcumque ultro citroque petamus,
esse hic, esse Ulubris, in agelli finibus esse.
Rus vocat:
-
Em! nudo quidquid bene feceris, inquit,
haud obliviscar: sulcos mihi redde priores,
redde pie florere, meis mugire iuvencis:
80
te tibi restituam.
-
" Quit leges figere Caesar,
mores ipse nequit: gladios incude refingat,
non animos: hydram qu
i clava contudit, idem
non tigres mulcere valet, non ducere quercus.
Quid si plebs onagros inhiat nebulonis et aurum
85
et vivaria? quid si iam conrepsit in urbem
rusticus et tandem spreto romanus aratro
mavolt in scaenis circoque movere manus, quam
in seg
ete? At quorsum nunc haec? Dic, Quinte, mihi, si
spectasti ludos: Thraex est Gallina Syro par?
»
90
Iamque tua longa velox deverterat, Appi,
raeda via, tacitasque rotas herbosa ferebat
semita: tum multus frondosis passer ab ulmis
avolat, atque togas aliqui
miratur et urbem
rusticus: hinnitu manni sua rura salutant.
95
«O rus» et secum meditatur Horatius «ecquis
sponte tibi sanus vale dixerit? Ecce meum cor
hic segeti, silvae, vinetis, bubus adhinnit.
O ubi Bantini saltus et laeta Ferenti
arva? quis et reddat
te, fons muscose? quis et te
100
nec puero mihi nec raucis inimice palumbis,
19
a quo pendebat mihi nidulus, Appule Voltur?»
Dum procul ipse larem parvum, dum corde revisit
se puerum, dextraeque patris dumeta pererrat
implicitus, totas auriga reducit habenas
:
105
consistunt manni: solidam terit ungula terram.
Est in conspectu reseratis ampla fenestris
villa die medio gaudens et sole benigno.
Hinc vinum redolent cellae tabulataque fenum,
hinc fimus obtectus virgis et fronde fracescit
110
Desiliunt raeda: sed q
uem tunc area primum
excepit cupidum, quo tandem nomine dicam?
Huic aquili rubor oris erat: tum grande pudico
corpus, et in gestu quaedam motuque sedebat
rusticitas: illum sed rus agnovit: ut illum
115
vir gregis altilium cristato vertice gallus
aspexit, s
ignum canit horridus et monet acri
edicto populum: mox area tota cohorsque
excepere suum cantum plausuque poetam,
Vergilium: magno tum circum stridere bombo
120
plenae mellis apes, albaeque in sole columbae
et gemere hinc illincque cubili turtur ab alto.
Q
uin reduces ad tecta boves, et plaustra iuvenci
stridula volventes messumque in corbibus arvum,
dum sic praetereunt efflantes nare laborem
125
agricolam lentis oculis stupuere togatum.
Hic «Pueri, lassis citius iuga demite bubus»
vilicus exclamat celso de
limine villae:
«
ipsas in plaustris hoc tempore linquite corbes:
id pransis operae vobis erit
»
. Inquit et ultro
130
conspexit raedam venientesque ordine cives.
«
Sol caput urit,
»
ait
«
patres: succedite tecto:
intus aqua est: acri mixtam potetis aceto:
adde s
iligineum panem coctique cibi quid,
si iuvat in longo scamno considere».
«
Quidni?
»
135
Maecenas ait
«
hic Saturnus forte latet rex:
aurum paullisper liceat prandere beatis
»
.
His introgreditur dictis, dum plaustra sub umbra
erecto temone manent per tecta coh
ortis,
atque in compluviis lacubus potare iuvenci
140
pergunt et tacitis exsugunt haustibus undam.
At strepitu multi resonant examinis aedes
atque operas simul atra capit servosque culina.
Ut propriam dat cuique dapem pia vilica, quisque
sic sedet et fruit
ur contriti murmure panis,
145
mox et rara quadris pulmenti frusta maritat.
Ecce «Quid ad panem, quaeso, sub dente crepacem»
inquit Maecenas
«
adhibent? Olet istud et est quod,
quamquam nil opus est, stomachum pervellat inanem
»
.
Huic tum Vergilius ridens:
«
Agnosce moretum
»
.
150
«
Certe equidem poteram: nam vires sensit aceti
nasus et in viridi deprenderat allia massa.
20
Hic apiique comae graciles, hic caseus, hic est
ruta rigens, et cuncta frequens pistillus obivit.
Cur non hoc edimus te nunc auctore moretum?
1
55
Nam pro puleio nobis haec ruta futura est.
Vilice, nil refert, quo ponas unctius, hac te
atque illac circumcursare: iube modo nobis
apponi tria de medio pulmenta catino».
Praebet iussa viris patinam pia vilica: tollant,
160
orat: id urbanis merito sorde
re palatis:
ne vero abstineant: famulis satis esse superque.
Sic libata viri gustant, et multa iocatur
Maecenas rugam ridens vescentis Horati,
vilica cum narrat cuidam placuisse tribuli
165
has epulas, equiti romano calceolos qui
conficeret.
«
Cessasne bona
m Venusinus in offam?
»
Vergilius tacet et dulces reminiscitur Andes.
Circumeunt pransi villam, bubileque visunt
iam vacuum (vituli resonabat voce relicti)
170
doliaque in cella magnique voluminis orcas
albanique cados gypsato cortice cautos.
Hinc per agrum
reptant vario sermone terentes
tempus.
«An in me aliquid maerens offendis, Horati?
»
infit Maecenas «edisti rapa Quirini,
175
sive aliud quid idemque». «Immo mirabar ego te,
Maecenas, ut quem victu cultuque Quirites
molliculum rodant, hic vesci pane secund
o,
hic et olens modica patina prandere moretum.
Me cichorea iuvant, nigris ego pascor olivis.
180
Sed cum serpyllo tua Testylis allia, Publi,
plura quidem nimio, nisi fallor, contudit».
«
Eia!
nil medium est!
»
Haec inter eos ad tecta vocabat
clamor et hinc
illinc turbae concursus agrestis.
Tirones famulus domitabat forte iuvencos
185
ad plaustrum traheamque senex. Huic candida pectus
barba tegit, cani volitant a fronte capilli,
dum stans in longo stimulum temone minatur
tauris, et verbis agitat. Praerupta vi
ri vox,
taurorum flatu mugituque acrior ipso,
190
nec sonat humanum: longinquas illa paludes
et silvas et bella sonat: sed barbara tauri
quid sibi verba velint uni sentire videntur.
Iam fertur cursu, iam plaustrum paene togatos
opprimit incautos: deus ille
in pulvere prodit
195
ex alio veniens, saevis cum bubus, Olympo
nubifero: pontumque oculis imitatur et enses
caeruleos. Plaustrum vitant, et vilicus (illis
namque aderat subito): «Paulo est cerebrosior, idem
longe aliis praestat prensos domitare novellos.
200
Mos illi patrius. Iunctis ibi rite iuvencis
uxores dicuntur emi. Sic Flavus et emit
(dixerunt istum conservi nomine Flavum)
22
ECLOGA XI SIVE OVIS PECULIARIS
Etiam opilio qui pascit, mater, alienas oveis,
aliquam habet peculiarem, qui spem soletur suam.
PLAUT.
Asin
. III I
Mannis iuncta pigris ad Lirim raeda vehebat
Vergilium. Varius comites et Tucca. «Vetamur»
inquit Vergilius «positam contingere metam:
Vesper adest». «Dilecte, tuum diffidere, Publi,
5
semper erit:» Varius respondet. Plotius instat:
«Desperare
soles ab aperto carcere calcem ...»
«Quin immo» Varius sic interfatur amicum
«decurso spatio creta cunctaris in ipsa:
ut nunc rite novem musas meditatus avena
10
haeres atque choro dubitas adiungere Gallum».
«
Qui nimium metuit,
»
respondet Publius
«
idem
et
cupit. Ut cupio prima mox nocte cohorti
et Maecenati lepidoque occurrere Flacco!
Sed vix deponet Sinuessae raeda per umbram,
15
nedum Minturnis quassos ultrave. Quid ergo est?
Cur opportuno non pernoctamus in illo
diversoriolo? ianum triviumque videte.
Hic
requiescemus. Sociis bene mane iuvabit
non animo solum sed fronte occurrere laetos».
20
Sic placuit: sistunt mannos ipsique tabernam
introeunt titulo perlecto non sine risu:
BALNEVS VRBICUS HEIC LAVAT.
OMNIA COMMODA PRAESTO.
Tum: «Salvete, patres,» in t
rito limine copa
incipit:
«
est quidquid qui pulcre victitat, optet:
25
sunt balani, conchae, lepades, est perna, nec escae
molliculae desunt, est caseus aridus, est ... est ...
est sinuessani veteris cadus unus ...
»
«
Abunde!
»
aiunt ridentes.
«
Quibus ergo v
ictibus ornem
nunc cenam? Sat erit dixisse
»
. «Lavabimur». «Eia!
»
30
«Urbanis crudisque ignosce».
«
Nihil moror
»
inquit.
Vesper erat: sed clara dies decedere nocti
cum nollet, cunctans super obvia quaeque tremebat,
culmina villarum, florentes ordine malos
et
pinus lentasque cacuminibus cyparissos.
35
Tum discedenti sensim nec sponte diei
hinc illinc plausu volucres et voce favebant:
esse sibi reliquum quod agant: ne devolet: esse
extremam stipulam nidis unde unde ferendam,
extremum edendum geniali ex arbore c
antum.
40
Dum comites horrent in thermis multa iocantes,
Vergilius voces avium captabat in arvo
incedens lente qua callis duceret ipse:
ecce autem casulam paleis et arundine textam
23
prospicit, unde sonat singultu rupta querela,
45
tristior audiri puero luge
nte, senilis.
Namque senex intus sermonem pastor habebat
cum tuguri domino. Propior venit, admovet aurem
Vergilius: celat muscoso cortice quercus.
Huic haerent etiam lapsi folia arida ramis
50
autumni: nonnulla cadunt auraque trahuntur.
UPILIO
Cara fuit
conserva mihi, bone. Commoda mecum
durum prandebat panem tenuemque lupillum.
At gustare meo si quando de sale parcus
instanti dederam, nil supra. Saepe sub altis
55
rupibus, ut gelidis albebant prata pruinis,
calfeci sagulo, morior dum frigore, pernox.
LIB
ERTAS
habuit nomen, quo nomine nil est
dulcius. Heu! quotiens, ut abesset causa, vocabam,
quo spem percussae solarer imagine vocis!
60
«
LIBERTAS
»
quotiens iuvit clamare
«
venito!
»
ALTER
Tempus erat: nam fracta, puto, peda multa novasti ...
UPILIO
Immo s
um tiro. Pastorem fecit herus, me
postquam triginta frugi perspexerat annis.
Calluerat prius urbano mibi corpus in omni
65
servitio. Fueram famulique vicarius olim
et mediastinus, mox qualis qualis: et egi
ianitor excubias constrictus colla catena
et molui
tabula praecinctus pectora sic ut
nil possem ad rostrum digitis afferre farinae.
70
Tandem rus asinum vetulum dimisit, ovesque
credidit ipse cani carioso tutus agendas.
ALTER
Atque vagi sociam permisit habere grabati ...
UPILIO
Non ita, non. Erat inte
r oves infirmior una
lactis egens etiam nec habens quid sugeret agna.
75
«Hanc ad vicinum multo cum flore sacellum»
inquit herus
«
fer ab hinc: dic iam vovisse deo me
»
.
«
At cum tota fere sit pellis et ossa, sacerdos
»
respondi
«
fors et te dedignetur et agnam
.
Iam nulla est. Cur non propriam das, optime, servo?
»
80
At dominus ridens:
«
Habeas: hoc sume peculi
»
.
Tunc ego fronde nova vigil et lactentibus herbis
24
atque alui micis et servo pane refeci.
ALTER
Paene unam dixi te suscepisse puellam ...
UPILIO
Quid?
Pueros turpi mangoni tollimus: agnam
85
nutrivi propriam. Non illam pascere sacro
abstinui: sanctis illi de fontibus haustum
permisi bibere et luci decerpere frondem.
Quippe meam pastum, pecudes nunc inter heriles,
adlatam sero, spem libertatis agebam.
90
Quam bona quamque adsueta mihi, quae semper eunti
haereret gradiens, adsideret usque sedenti!
Quod si quid mihi conspectum dempsisset alumnae,
«
Heus mea
LIBERTAS
»
clamabam tristis
«
ubinam es?
»
ALTER
Tu ravus senio: nimium procul illa latebat ...
UPILIO
95
Quid dicas teneo. Tremulo procul illa vocanti
balatu respondebat. Tum deses in umbra
festuca canum caput a lictore videbar
contingi: nisi ventus erat.
Quid? Bima salitur:
concipit: est praegnans: geminas parit: hoc mihi Faunus
100
praestat, ut hac gem
inos edant in tempore fetus.
Caseus interna fit abunde, lana putatur
largiter, admitti poscunt de more novellae.
Iam grex dependet dumis meus. Ecce pererrat
LIBERTAS
gaudetque amplo circumdata partu

[Gloria]

! , ^



LV SI AD VM

LIBRI DECEM.

AVTHORE DOMlTSrO F R A-

tre Thoma ile Faria.Epifcopo Targenii,

Rcgioque confiliario, Ordmis Virginis
^ Maria^ de Montc CarmelijDoftorc
Theologo, Vly (Tiponcnfi.



CumfactiltAte Sti^criutum



V L Y S S I P O N E,

Ex officina Gcpardi de Vine^, Anno x ^ 2 a.




saas^SKr-



-:i



!■ ' ■










• 4


-.■ .: ..







Licen^as.



:^^f



VI cfla hifloria do'defcobrifrieiGi da tnm Al
verfojiiao tcni coufa quc GMmirc noija
fanta fe ou boris ^uflumcs/antesiie pbefia
qucpode ajudaf aos htirtianill^Sv pelo que
pode imprimirfc. Lixbda iiefla cafaiyc S. Roquc d4
Companhia dc I E S V. 6.de laneii-^ de i6i%.

\ Tlflaainforma?ii1ri podefe impfimif cifla tiirtd-
V ria.do defcobri mcuto da india,&depoiS de im-
preffa tornepefa fer coriferida com oorjgirialpera
fe dar licen^a pafa cdrfere,& fem ella naocorfcra.
LiXbpa aosii.de/aiieirddGi62l* ., ; _

AntemoBiasCardofh.

{toffax.Pereira^
Francifcode GoUued*

POd^feimprimir efla hifloria de defcobrimcnt®
da India.Lixboa 14, de lanciro dc 1622.




Bamiao Viegas,



Pddcfe



~sii^*aR



QVc fc poflaimprimir cfte liuro Virtas ^^s Itce^ai
dp fantQ OiHcio>& Ordinano qiieofterecc, &
depok de imprcirotoj^ne para fe taixar^ & fcm liu
nao correr^ a 20. de Agol^ d«; 1 622.

i^i<>»/;s. tgnxthPtrreiru

Odcnouoimprcfibemtuddconcorda com eiicc
riginaL Emfanto Eloydc Luboa €^24. 4e^Setcn-



brode622,



ODoutQrViceme ia Refutrefclg*



TaiVJife eflejiarbcm doze vintgs em .papeL E
Lisboa a 24. de Setcmbro de 621.

Moniz. ipidmTcmtra,

JgmkVMeiradeBrit». DimsdeUdlo,



%.



w-^



iS LJg ' " »" J l



Errau fic corrigc.

Y Ib. r. vcrf. 238. fit leg. fic.

I j T ih. I. verf 41 1^ ficae leg. ficcg.

Lib. 2. veri: ^5. adore leg. odore.

Lib. 2; verf. ttiumphos leg. triumphos.

Lib.2.verf 4ir. sahicus leg. Scithicus.

Lib. 2. verr846. Troilratus leg. Horoftratus

Lib. 5. verf, i^S. contbrtem leg. coiifortcm.

L.b.^.verf i<58.,clarori$ leg. clamonbus.

Lb-s verf 5t2. datet lcg.darct.

L:b. 5. verf 709. caturnis leg. cuthurnis.

L-b. 6. verf 3 ^ cupil leg. cupit.

Lib. 6. vcrf 187. «pora leg. xquora.

Lib. 6. verf ?9^. d'cfedit lcg. difcedit.

Lib. 6. verf 899. mortis leg. montis. ,

Lib. 6. verf 478. momorant leg. memorant.^

Lib! 6. verf 481$. voluerc leg, vulnere-

Lib. 6. vcrf ^oo.csEplorant leg. cxplorant.

Li3; 6, verf 572. nai]ran leg. notlram.

Lib.B. verf 302. obfida leg. obfidia. ^

Lib. lo.-vcrf 511. fanquine leg. fangumc.
Tol 147. vcrf redecercn leg. rcduccrent, Ib.«.».
Regionem leg. Rcgiones. Fol. 154. verf fuperbas
leg. fiperbis. 147. arti leg. artis. i^^.Nabaltaeaca
leg. Nabathex. 153. Meptum leg. Mcotim.
X70. Acyla kg, Abvla.



Idem



*. 5



INCLI.'



«£.



•mi



INCLITO> IN^

VICTO, AC ILLVS TRI
Portugalliaz Regno profperitatem
• maximam exopto ,

W^^M ^ i^ mecumfamam, qua
oUm,o fortunatifitmu %e^
, num.in toto terrarum orhe
' JioruiUiytnfdtcemqueJla^
tumyadqumob tua maxima flagi-
tia.quififuaginta ante annos deue"
m.Bhperpederemy magnumque tnde
4nimi:m£rorem conciperemyVt miht
efietjolamniy animum ad antiqmo^
ra Luptanortmfacla.qua alijpede^
Uri.omtione confcripferuntj carmt^

nibus



libusheroidsyfjuieno nifide referia
tcgraui aguniy commendanda appii
^autycumque noBraSjqu^femper au
Ktltum • frafltierunt , conuenijjem
Mufasfanetnliesy ac nimio maro^
re confeBae Qhutsfuerunt-, c> quafi
iJganippedis aqua ad Lufitanorum
laudes decantandas defiderarentur;
qmd cum mtht tmputatum efe ext.
Uimaremy (funtenim illa iuuemli
atatimaxime additt^.fenikmq; om~
ninoejfugiunt) nunciarunt trtfittia
non exhocfonte proficifciyfed cjuia
ita attr.ttum-, defpeSumque Lufita^
norum mme appareattVt nihiUquoa
de ets Mufa decantare pofsint,fu-
per/it, idcircQ excitandosejf} exem^
plis maiormh^vtcumnon dejim m~

* 4. ti^



'%,



kii



tidy vircs non defiderentur. Mar^
tiamqiieNlercimmtnon nouit^ <>
Vencremy jt in jahulis ampleUitur
feu?ra refpuity cum enimfuperflum
vitia^ vtres omnino dejictunt. Eii
igitury%e^num quondam ofuUntiJ
Jimum^acf^liciJUmumy cjuod alum
nos MartefortiQreSy [^(cptuno fu
perioresjouepotentioresprocreafli
animum eleua > oculos apert^ vt i^
auo iaceasjjualorem conJpiciaSyO
famamy quam olim adeptH Juijliy re
cuperes: etfiexempla ad maxirnUja
cinora a^gredtenday(^ perpatrandc
plurimum conferuntyhic tihi metric
multi tuiflt]propcnutury quosfami
ad co^los vffue euexity quorum m
minamlU obruet atas^nulla tempo

ri



risintertApedincexitngiatiirz
mHuamiine jiUi^nir, affort mmq;^
fapientihus vuluptatem fdiirtupril
ctiamnd hdu/cemodi ecminittcncia
frispmtu¥,nec tcrpe/eatjidm^a -
iur: Simt Tnrc^ho/tes, cjuos multc-
ties dehelUJliyJlnitMaiirhde quibtts
miiU vtcimarrcpm taUiyJum gen-
tesyde quihus qiiamplurinm tmim^
phos erextsli, Junt nominis Chri^fi
infmlh quos tua dmoni iamfubiu-
gaftiymercatur^ operam nauare iam
defineyarrtpearmayac virtutemy vt
fama,notn€fjquc tuum reuiuiJcatyCP^
maiorum tuorum faBa amulans in
magnitpopuU tui Lujitam ornamen-
tumy&-jacratijum(e Chriftifidei di-
latationem accrefcaSf &'Ji ha;c tibi

^lacueriin



fUmerint verfibus decmtat^ypro,
mitto (s- ju^ fecmsy &■ quaidm
ahjffcer^nt, elegantifimis carmini.
bus-^quanfum in mefuerity profecu'
turum,1)eus^ vt mea poftulant m
ta,nomen tuum exaltety ti;>fdem,&-
virtutemyVtfide, (sr- virtutibus or-
natum omnibusfis nationibus admi'
ratiomJargiMur,



aJd



IVUiiiVi.




(lAd Le&orem.




Bneuole, acpie Le6loriamtc
obijcientem video, &obie6lio-
iiem praeoccLipo,cui cnim ratio-
ni confentaneu videbatur^quod
homo iam gradaeuu^, & in dignitate Epif-
copali conflitutusad componenda carmi-
na animum applicarit? quod iuuenibus fo-
lum in fchola, & viris minoris aot.Te confo-
narc iudicetur. Verum id facili negotio in-
tcrimitur- quid fimilleviros a^tateconfe-
aos in animi deleaamentu Mufis tradi*
tos ante oculos tibi proponam?quidfi Irrt-
peratores grauitate maxima cQdecoratos^,
Catonefque multos, qui carminfbus^ope-
ramnauauere,tibi referam ? Euoiue^antia-
lcs, & vitas Imperatorum,reperiefque Jioc
ita efTe certum,vt nihil certius . Repericfqi
etiam folu illos , qui noauas ingenijs imi-
tantur, \cl qui ad ludos alearum , quibus

lotam



totam fuam rem familiarerh conrumunf,
iJoncos diramnotam Poctis^Mufiifq- inn-
fiffc , cum tamcn ill^ non nifi acutifsimis
ingcnij^i fior adiift.e. QnoJ vcro ego Pon-^
tificalidjgairate fimornarns , liinllum rcf
incommodiMiirtferc , cum vidcas Diuunt
Grcgpnam Nazianzcnam , Diuum Pau-
linu.i] d: Nolla , Diuum Damafum Lu(i-
tanum ilimmum Ponfificem^aliofqucgra-
uilsimos EpilcopOs, ac Praelatos , & (iim*
mos Poarificcs omni vircutum ac fcicntia-
Tum gcncre circumuallacos multaekgan-
tifsimis carminibus confcripfille. Solum
hocte admonitum vdicm me in hoc Poc*
matc more Poctarum nominibus Idolo-
rum vfumfuiffb , qarreucranomina fo-
lum funt, non res, nam luppiter , VcnuSj
Mirsy Mercurius^ Bacchus, Thetis, Ncp^
tunus, ^tque baius farinne fimiles nihil
lunc, & fiqui facrunt, multis vitijsingur-
gitati vicaiii tcadiuicruat, &;tamcnca:c2

gentilitaJ



jentilins illos inter Drns immei^fo «n-

Yjcrauic , cuod qunm longe avciira^^:di-

^ct, multi cx antiquisiiiciicarunt;. ycri^m

cijrn Pocfis^finehis^figmcnrisrirhil h.hci.t

iucundifaci$,nihil lcpdris^uidc habc r qiTod

illis plcnimquc vti cog;;mur. Scnii^m , vt

Catholiti & in vera fid^ ftndni tc-

oemus^vci bis ytirr tir ad ^

ornatumyVC




Pocte:












'jfUlir,



lllaflriffiitio acReneredifliino D.D.Tho-
mae a Faria Epifcopo Targenfi meririft
fimo^nouo Muiarum ApolIini^Poe* -f |
tarum Ma^cenati, Lesbio
Cantori.

ANONYMVS.

FAlhr? Anattemtasfonm altier excltat autes^
Quis tam diuino PeUice ple^ra reptf
Afcraus ne Senex} An Pindarusf Mquus rtrique eji,

An fotius Nafo? Aut vmber? vtrumque refert,
^uidfi Orpbeuspariter,pariter moduletur Arionf

Amfhion([ue fimul^ Tresfimulvnusagit.
SiMars, Mtspmdesvefonet} modulatur vterqtie,

Si Phabusfundat Carmina, Phabm adesi,
Huic fleUrum Afcraus; chordas dat Pindarm, vmber

Dat Veneres, venafiumina Nafo ciet,
V&cem OrpheuSjCitbaram Amphion.verfum altm Ariorf,

Virgiltus numeros,pondera Maouides,
Uunere Ph^bus abe^ piuatus: Prdfnl Apollo efi^

Diuinum hos omnes {ferlege^fpirat ofns.



Aliudf*




EDidcrint tanios quodfdcuUfrifcA Poetas,
Non ideo nofiris antefercndafutcm:
IlU quidcm multos,vnum tenoHra tulere^

Vnusfed multos cxfrimis^ vnus habes,
Sic Pigmca vnus Ute obruit agmina qHondam

AtcidesfoHsfyderacUratubar^.
Vno nofira dntdsfclix te vafeiriumfhat,

Nobis.turba vctus quodfuityVnus cris^
Etdare quod cuncUfotuere friorihus tlli^

Tu nunc,Antifics fnfficie?tda^dabis^



Diftichon de opere^& Authorc,



V



Id^u opus nttidum Flmbm.miraturj & inde,
F.fine alterftmmo deloue natniy ait.




^^M^m ■;








Fol.i




%m^m^,



L VS lAI) VM

LIBER PRIMVS.



D



A R G V M E N r V U, ^"

Efcribitur hoc in libra quidquid TrAfe^t^
Maximo clafsis Vafco a Ga^na contigit^^oH^
quam^^fortu Vlyfsiponcnfi,vt Indi^z oras inqui-^
rerct iuffu Regis Em?ndnucliSf foluit^ quoufque
feruenit ad Infula Mombac£jin ora Melindana^

[^^^ Rma,virorq; can(3,tioi1ro qui e littore quo-
^^^3 OcciduOjrapidisroIuetesCarbaraverts (da
^^^ Intrepidi, variis & tenipeilatibus adi
%^Sf^hL> Sulcarut tumidi metocndas arquoris vndas
Littoraqueanciquisnunquain' bene cogriita naiitis.,
Altaque Taprobanxtetigerunt littoraterrse
£ t p rop r i o celfis turriras m ^ n i bus v r b es
Sanguinefundaruhtyquarum fuper a:thera tunani,
Inclyta ponaiKcs Clinlli vexilh tukrunt,

• ^ ^ A Dulcia-



i



1'




LVSIADVM

10 Dulciaque Eois pofuerc cubilia mundi
Partibus,igiiotos traxere in vincula Rcgcs,
Et noua regna fuis decorarunt legibus,aitas
Rcgs bus inuitis^quas nunquam cxperta patenti
'Mi\ natura Hnu dt fcndere viribus arces
Non tmuiere,ouini chara; difcrimine vk^
Poti habi tOjfoni pofuerunt fratna Malachse-
Luiladumq^ue et^aralioilris memoranda Camsenis'
Kegurn fada canara^quantum mea Mufa iuuabit,
Ingcnium dederitque fuo de numine Phcebus:

20 Taliacarminibustotunicekbrandaperorbem
Heroum fpargam,qui forti pcdore & armis
impenj mctas Luiijiabilitaque fedis
Komans mandaca (Dcp ducentej tuanique
Dilatare iidem per tanta pcricula vitae.
S^ud dubjj claros celebrar unt Chrifce triumphosi
Africa tai-iLotam experta es pra^lia Regum,
Nam campos.vrbcfquc tuas & mxnia diris
Vaiiarunt animis,Aiij£ fera Jittora claiTes
CenfpexerejCadunt turres,iuga dura coloni

'30 Accipiurit,noiiri perciiffi vuhiere ferri

Qtiprum terribilis ncc mors, nec tempus iniquum
Delebiintjmagniimue ferent ad tartara nomen.
tonticeant vari j curfus fapientis Vlyifis
JEncx accipiant sterna iilentia ponto
iDiiierfi errores,quos miro carmine Mufa
Virgiliana canit,iileatfama inclyta Magni
Hegis Aicxandrijiileatnouagloria clari
Traiani,coluit quos prima decentius xtas.
Nam mihi fert animus vires 2c fortiajioftro



L IB E R L 2

Pcdora LujSadum verfu eelcbrarc, tridend
Quos Neptune tuo,tuqile 6 Mars horride faruis
Atque trebi vei^eranda cohorsshorrefcitis aniiis*
Nec iam Parnafli celebcrrima Mufi fuorum
Fada canatjcytharafque fuas exaltet Apollo*
Lufiadum quando maior fe gloria tollit,
Maior & aflrifero fe fama exaequat Oiympo
Vds etiam Tagides Nymph^,mca numina, cseptis
Afpirate meis,ii veilri pedus amoris
Ignibus ardet adhuc,fi vefl ro iiaminc mentem,
Spiritus intus agit,£i vellri fiuminis vndas,
lixtuiit m co&lum tenui mea tibia cantu^
Et cecinit veflrs viridantiagraminanps'.
Nunc nunc cceleili perfundite neftare pee^u^ -
Atque iter incseptum flatii properate fereno,
Nunc mihi ferte pedem, vatemque i mpietc furGres •
Redditc nunc facili currentia carmina iiio,
Grandiloquumque fonu nunc cm^wt tepora lauroi
Ph^bus vtcfficiat quod non Tagus surifer,Yndis
"Fontis Hypocrcne inuideat,fed fcmper .^mseiiis
Fiudibusipferigetfinuatotramiteripas: ^

Et mentem fiirijs agitate,6c pedora fsuo
Noilra Ibno bciii dcnt horrida carmina fignufri.
jEreaque horribiles modulentin' cornoa cantus,
Et tuba raucafonetjvultus quar ia?pe colorem
Mutat,& acccndit trucuicnto in pe(S:ore MartemJ
Non tenoi agreiicm med itabor arundi n e Mo fam,
Nec mca m€n§,ventis pailorum fpafgcre ceras,
Ncc canere incipiam calamis, ques lungere cerav
'^m D vus inf lituit prmius^jCorydonis amorcs'.



m



fc» ! r i h iii i i»l i Sta



JhI



L V S I A D V M

70 iEqualemmagniscantuindeducite fadis
Gentis VlyiTca^jquam tucolis inclyte Mauors,
Quamque vocas ad belia: tuo fub numme cafl.ra
Dinpiunticandunt muros, portantquetriumphos,
Armatique tfuces expedant turnbus hoiles,
Nec crepjdant animis,fed dn'a m bella ruentes
Non dubitant multis caput obiedare periclis.
Hxc precor o Mufx liceat celebrare per orbem
Carminibus,fi geiia capit fublimia carmen,
Tu quoque Rcx noliriSjtu feliciffime Regum
80 Temponbus natus,no(lri vt celebemma regni
lura d Uj ac leges multos feruentur in annos,
Spesctiam noitrcisretinet cerciflima mentes
Te duce in imperium magnu, quod fceptra ferantur
Regia Lufiadum latos cl mdentia fines.
» Tu quoque Maurorum rcges,& regna fupremis
Lcgibus impofitis ad frxna tumentia duces.
Incutiefiue metum,nunquamquea corde timorcm.
Barbirus expellet concepta voce Sebaili,
Qaem pius setati Dcus vt fatalia noitras
^o tvlonilradedit vmcensvtiuracoerccatorbis,
tu rener,^ (iorens prascifus ab arbore ramus,
Qn^iqne alias inter Dominus plus Chriftus amnuit^
Qoas videt Occiduis cum Sol immergitur vndi$;
Irixc iicnt tibi nota^tuis cum Regia pulchris
Stemmata fubijciesoculis, qua^praelia Mauris
Cuni tulit AlphonfusprimusRex (teflis Orichi
CampU"- vbihorribili ingentem certanimc cladcm
TAidit) accepit, clypeo fua vulnera Chriflus
ImprelTit,ligno moricns qux pafliis oiianti.

Fortmiatc



110



L I B E R I. 5

FominatePacr,ciiiusditifIima Phasbus loo

Regna videt nafcens pnmiim,tiim cleinde fiipremu
Cum retinet curfum,med]o caput erigit orbe,
Et videt^Oceani fagiens cum tingitur vndis,
Tu quem fpedamus turpes fub vincula Mauros
Miliurum,Turcafque feros,gente{quc feroces,
QiK^is licet infignem Gangis potare liquorcm
[oi danifue fnii (fcelus o mirabiiej lymphis.
inclina eximsum tu, maiclktis honorem,
Queui tener oAendit vultus; nam clara futuri
5igna puer decoris tribuis, cura iam vltima vitx
A.tquc fencdutis fclicia lirnina tanges,
[nclitaquc^thereas cum mens afcendet in Aulas.
Ex folio in tenuem Regalia deijce terram
Lumina, confpicies manifelii pignus amoris
[n patri<^.m,vt nollris fortiiiima gefta tuorum
Carminibiismemore, referamque in %cula laudes,
Afpicies animum,quem nunquam vilKf puruiii
Dona mouentifed amor patris, qui exrollLrc nonie
Nititur ad cceium,famamquc pcr aera ien e
N*jm non vile vnquam,totoTeputabitur orbe
Donum fi praeco patriae cognofcar vbique.
AfpicieCque viios.quorum tu iura gubernas,
Tales ciiQ duces,dubice vt fententia menti
Hsereat^an meiius tibi iit Regem effe iiipremum
Luforum an tradare manu fccptra aurea niDndi?
Geilaquc Lufiadum non ficla aut vana virorum
Afpicies noilram deicriberc carmiiie mufam.
Inque admirandc^s refonantia foluere iaudes
Orajyramque meam vero ccmponcre caniu,

A 3 Non



120



mdt



jm



LVSIADVM

i ^i^ Non ficqt veteres tunc compofuerc Camenae.
Namqtie ilh ad fnpcras aiiide confcendere fedes,
I^^IC^ fuis quondam re&nabant carmixia ple(5l:riS|
Qus noi^n gefTere duces terraque inarique
Excedunt veterum mendofa,& inania fada,
Alendacem fuperat RodomoatUjipftimcjueRugeru,
Orjandumque, licet quac narrat rera fuiffcnt,
Namque iilos vincgntinuidus Nonius, Egas
MonifjuSjfortifque Fiias RoupinhuSj Homeri
Ad quorum laudes cytharam mea Mufa requiri||
T49 Qni d^^^ijs patrjas pro libertate periclis
Oppofucre cap'dt,multofque tulere laborcs:
Biffenofque pares aluit quos Gallia quondam,
BifTeni cxuperant Lu{i>quos Anglt^vidit
Vi^ores,yiditque Anglos certamirie vi6bs,
Praecipue hpiTendo vjetorem Marce Magri^um,
Quin etiam hic aderit fubiimis nomJne du^or
Q]]i ducis ^£ne^ fwquirar yefiigia Gamma.
Quodtibi iiCaroluSjdijdtquem Gallia Magnum,
Et Csefar famam parjunr,partiqae triumphi,
X50 Alphonfumyideasprimum,qu!primus habenas
Acc^pit regni qui robprCjViribus, armis
ObfcuratqacomnequeDuce, barathroq; recludit?
Afpiciafqoe duos a:quales Marce loanncs,
Ille fuze Rncs patris^ defendet ab hoHe
Cdiiellag Pvegcm cogens ad regna redirc,
Jiic inui!i!^us erat bcUp,regnique tremendas
I^egcs & iludia,: populos in pnce guhernans.
Jertins hinc fcquitnr,Quarturq;& ncm.ine Quintns
Aiphpnfi>virtuie parcsjnuiiiqnc fecundi



!^onegoLetii^ismandabonomina lymp}if5 i^o

^eilraDuces, quosniagn.inimos cypcrra foiintur
legna Aurorse olim, celebris quos £una pcr orbeiii
Lucxkfempcrvicirjciafignafoentes. .

^cc te inter primos dubitem ,nnniera?e Pacliecum,
slcc tacca Almeidas^quos nuc Tsgiis aurifer vndas
>u lacry oias ducens ad tnflm marmora plorat,
Ubuquerque fimul,fimul 6 fcrtiifime Cailro ^
.ofiadumque eilioSjquos non mors pailida vincit
nclyta noflra canct refonanti carnnne Mufa
io$ tamen interea celebri dum voce faiuto, 170

Nam Rex alme tuas capiont non carmina iaudesj
Vccipe felicis fclix moderamine regnj,
MateriamtnboiSjionpmquead carminafyluam
'vfrica terribiiis,firnur& maria alta oitentis
lurora incipiant noi!i*o fubmitrere cUiro
[^olla iugOjpopuiique iimui (^mirabiie di6:u)
^tnoflras timeant Mahometiea caftra phalaDges,
larb-uus exitium repiitat fibi Maurus ihdcffc,
nuidsequodarmistuneanttuanominagentcs, ^
Cumforteaccipiritaniiiiumqueadprarliaprprnptu ^ ^

Et certunijimperi] diues timet Indiacafumr
ObiidiumqueGoar., Maiabareafque ruinas.
re quoquc csernlei Dommunic^rpit ^qnorisciTe
?uichraThetir>,cu te ingencru pfacidtfluna f.irnec.
Comniendatqiie tuam, muenis pulcherrim.e>vuli;u.
[n te fiqua inanenr vciligia certa parentum, .
^pparent rari bcrtifiima figna dccoris
Et p3cc,& beilo parti.nam pacc loannem
[nr;"6laris auiim Ciirolurn fcra bcil.^ gercntem>>
■ ~" A A Cum



l^Q



^00



2X0



L V S I A D V M

Cum trainit indomitos ad ferrea vincula Turcas,
Infecjuensjfed vcerque tibi poil funera fedem,
Pn^parat aetherearn,qua tu per ff cula viuas.
Alt modo dum lento percurrunc tempora curfu,
Npc tamen optato iTuimur moderamine,noi]ns
Auilbus adde manum,fint & mea carmina Regis
iProteda imperio, votisquc aiHiefce vocari.
Intereaplacidispandentesturgida ventis
Carbaft Lufiades fulcant dum marmora nauta:
lupiter omnipotens rerum cui fqmma^oteilas,
Humanumque genus folio moderatur ^b alto,
Tunc ad coi:^ciIiuiii vocat omnia numjna cseli
Sydeream in fedem,placido tnnc littora ponti
Profpe^at vifu,fratrifquc ingentia rcgna
Tranquillique maris viget altp in gurgite claflem
Et ccrta Eois,quse lint moderamina terris
Conitityitventura;Dei mandata parentis
Films exequitur Maia',quam maximus Atlas
Progenuitjg^nitaiiique loui dedit ille fupremo. j
Conupcat]iicomnes,om,riesqnead regiapergut; (
Limina.pareiites didi? via iadea ducit,
Sydercos linquunt orbes,fibi credita regna,
Nara dedit ii^^c illis diaina potentia qupndam,
Q?Ar n^itu r2liin-i,tcrras,maria ipfci gubernar,
Qiv geiidym Ardurum^Borcam,fcptefnque triones»
Q^nqiie coluiit Aufh"u,quDs &;iam cognitaN^utis
S'tv.iLi Crucis r.etinet,necnpn qui fulgida folis
J..um!na C0nfpicinnt Onentis, vbi aureaclaris
0(:eanum r.Tdijs fiirgens Aurora rcliquit,
J£j quj Phxbcps cafus vbi iydera cpudit



Nox



210.



L I B E R I

^ox obfcnra videnr, ncc multo frigore torpent

^onueniunr folio fedet sequus lupiter alto

ublnneni referens vultuiTijfaciemque feueram

nque animos kuiter placidam fpirauerat auram,

Llta Corona caput cingit,pulcherrima iceptrum

)extra tenet.ciari vinccns Adamantis llOnoreHi,

Lfl ali) ex auro folijs fulgentibus infra

^Jurnina cunda fedenr,redo fedet ordinc quifque:

Ltprimumveterespr^funtjtum deindeminoresv

runc valida indicens fecreta filentia dcxtra

ios lic aiioquitur diuum Pater atquc liominu Rex, 230

/os qui ilelliKri diuina palatia cseli

.ucetemquc polum^nitiduvmque iiabitatis Olympu,

i non Luliads^ fugitiam gloria gentis,

i^c vobis lint nota,niii iint peruia menti

)einceps Gr^corum,Perfaru & maxima gentis

jloria RomuIid.T ilygias mittetur ad vndas

^iuin etiam Afsyrium populi caligine nomen

Eternaobfcurum. iiet. Sirfatatulere. l

ronceiIum(res cIara)fuit,quod robore paruo

r^iribus haud paribus Maurorum euertere cailra 240

nnumerafque animas poflent profundere Leiho,

it Lybicas tandem reditum compellcre in oras,

raiiell^ en acies,Regemque fugaret Iberum

legem animo indomitum, cuius tot il:ragis aceruos

n Mauros fera dextra deditjtot prsiia vicit.

Ul gens Luiiadom mctuendo Martetrophjsa

>ortauit femper cijlefli numine fulta,

nfignique lihs^cellit viaoria palma.

Lxuuiafque ducu, 6^ fceptrum venerabilc regis





mmmam



Et




I V S I- A D V M _

S50 Et rexilla tnlit,fortes eiiertit 8c vrbes.
Omitto cekbri partos de gente triumphos
Rom-aiiduinjquando Viriatum Marteiecuti
Implcrunt latos Romano fanguine campos,
Omittoqoc^liciSj qoas tu Korad i nclvra clades
Fail^. recenfebis £cn] per cura pedo vq fo rtem
Conilituere diicein pcregrinum morc loqiicntis
Qui rcinCvdm ceruf fimulaint corpore numen.
Nuncbenecoil[bicit!sdubi{squod Hacli^bus alti
Oceani vitam traduntjmonRrisquemannis/

Mo -Ducerc ntc dubitant pcr vjH^ pericida naues,
Nec furioia Noti metuunt fpjramina venti,
Denique,& andaces,CLim iam pofl tempora multa,
Quaque dies breuis c£tM qua Iongiir!ma,terram,
Arduaque Occtdui peragrarunt littora ponti,
Obuertunt pelago proras^CDpiuntque nitentis
AureanarccntispenerraTecubiiiarolis ■
Pedore prom.ittunt conilantia iura toiiantis

w Feiicem^rabri ingreiliimfineranguinetraiElus

^70 Qiy^ni ficco iracidnm quondam pcdc tranfijt agme.
Impia preilit h^/cms laceratas xquorc puppcs
Miks,5£ ingenxi dcfelTus nauta labore
Languida lailati vix poirunt mcmbra leuare
Fata immota volunt^qnod diras pe(9:ora curas
Ponant.opcataque dm potiantur arenj^.
Littoraqqc afpicianr,qiijs longa per xquora ve<^i
Inqmrunt.deturqiie frui locuplecibus almx
Sedibus\auror5? deuif^^qne fceptratucri, ^
I,t primum. hofpitium Lybicse dent iittora terr«,
Queis laceram reparent ckffem, Yent:%-ie fecudi?>
^ ■'-■ ^" Naui-



mm:



1 I B E R L 6

hiiigetjncseptamqtie viam reparata feqiTatiir.
[sec vbi di<5la deditjnitido gratiilimus ore
jpicer sthereiiSjrefpondeht ordine cun^^i,
cinditur ac dubium fludia in contraria vulgus.
t pnter Odryfius,B^cchum quem nomine dicutj
\^\)C\x. indignans fatalia vota Tonantis,
im fua fafla putat fabmergi fludibus orci
arrareijnotas fi gens Orientis ad oras
uiladum veniat, bibnt,6^ fecraflumina Gangis.
enturam audier2t(lic impia £ita canebant)
fauibus Hifpanam fpumofa per xquora gentem,
>iw? maris Indiaci flagrantialittoraquantum
ircuit Oceanus,^ quas Thctis abluit oras,
jbderet imperio,coila^8^ patientia duro
lederet illa iiigo, munitaque maenia vallfs
'oniirueret largo vexans noua regna tributo
ibiiiga iarn ciari fludas fubmjferat Indi
t nunquam caOjs^vel fors \r\i^fi.2. negauit
armiiiibus Mufas cekbres coluiiFe triumphos
runc timet ilie fiium jL^theo iiumine nomen
[ergi 2c ^tcrna condi cal igine famam
iitia ii Eoar contingat littora tcrrse
ufiadu m proles, veni benenota parenti
t Cytiierea Venus populis iam ded ita ItTfis
omanam quoniam gcntem putat illa videre
um videtindomitani Lufordm robore prolenij
el propter varios,nuos Tingitana laboi es
erra experta fuJt,firatofque in puliiere Mauros
ei propter lirjguam reputat quam (kpe Latinam,
i quandoquc fao Tarientiir carmineVoces.

~" ' H^c



28<>




2^0



306



n



L V S I A D V M

310 H2EC Vencreminducuntliiforum extoUere fada,
Tum quoniam Heroo cantabant carmme parcce
Felicem terram, felicia littora tantis
Effe futura viris nuUi virtute fecunciis,
Quas colerentjCertis regerent vel legibus vrbes
Felices iterum,fortunat.ifque futuras.
Ergonotam. timet ille,fuos pr^tendk honores
Ilia,fuifque fauent, verbis certamina mifccnt:
Pars Bacchum fequitur, Venere pars C2:tera laudat
Non aliter quam cum Boreas furio{iis,& Auller

320 Dioerii inter fe crudeiia pra;liatradant,
Exercentque feras dumis fyluefiribus iras
Veliereque annofam magno molimme pinum,
Conanturjfrarigunt ramos,truncoque rnanente,
Arboris,excelii refonanttunc nuirmure montcs,
Abfconduntque herbas>tenebrofo in puluere valies
Sic mter Bacchum exoritur,Veneremque tumukus
Illum fxuus agit timor^ail amor excitat illam,
Mars tamen mtrepidus Veneris defendere psirtes
Nititur audad:er,vel quod deujdus amore

330 AntiquOjVeiquodLuiifortiiTima proles
Digna fauore Deum certa ad tutamma cogit:
Ante altos ilirgens conceptum in pcdore virus
Odendic viiku, clypeuspendebat ouanti
E collOjquem polt tc rgnm proicccrat amens,
Cnflatam attoliit g^cam^pauliiper vt omnes
Conipiccretjiiliitiirmata mcnre louemque,
Acrior,ardenti vibransex ore fauiilas
Aggreduur/oiiumquehorrcndapercutit hafla

Lucida contremuit fcdes, turbatus ApoUo

"~"" Fulgcntc



L I B E R I. 4

ulgentesradios,&luminacIaranegaiiit, 3^0

.tque has indomito deprompfit cordc quercllas.
> Pater omnipotens parent cui fydera cceli,
t maria,& tcrr5E,nitidufquc obtemperat aer;,
i gentem hanc dubij,partem qux nauigat orbis,
)uius hd^ nimisjcuius tu robur amafli,
iterna ficut ftatuifti legc labores,
crre negasjtumidafquc maris tolerare procellas
zd cupis optatum quamprimu abfoluere curfum,'
)uando hsec fixa mancnt,& mens tibi confcia redi,
'ur rectpis voces hominumjquos torquet Erynnis J5<sfc
mpia fufpedumque trahunt de corde venenum^
lam G. nunc ratio claros ofiendere vultus
''ellet,nec nimio deui(5la timore fuifiTet,
ane equidem timidus gremio feruaflct aniico
iacchus,nec focij dedudam a fanguine Lufi
rogeniem impeterct furi js agitatus iniquis
ed modo conceptam deponat perfidus iram
^am nunquam mcritos adimet fibi liuor honorcs,
'ulgida quos nitidi promittunt fydera cosli.
uque 6 magne Pater^fiabiiique mente gubernas ^^^
)mnia luciferi quse continet ambitus orbis, ^

s[ec veterem ponas animumjaut promifra remittas,
Nfam leuis eft animi inc^pto defilkre fado.
^amprimum rapidas fumat Cyllenius alas,
•^ec mora defcendat,volucrique fi milliniiisaura,
-lofpita defeilis demonilret littora Nautis,
^ccipiant placidi certiflima nuncia portus
ndiaci,& rcparent veteres in pedore vircs.
ic effatus erat^itido cum lupiter ore
- - ' Coniciiiit



;l'



v^-



m



L V S I A D V xM



?7^ C©nfenfitdi(9:isanimofiMartLS&omncs
Nedarc perfuditjquos mox via ladea duxit
Ad Tua te(Sa,domos iblitas tunc quifque reuifit.
Sedprius ad folium reuerentia fumma Tonantis
Pirjgitur,flexi venerabilenumen adorant.
Interea cxlo poflquam hacc celcbrata feruntur
Gens animofa ferox tumidi maris asquor arabat,
C^aSolexoritur.gdidum,8c qua tcnditad Auftru,
Vndc pij mittuntredolentia thuraSaba^i,
Atquc vbi Laurenti iacet Infuia Martyris,ardens

i^^ Sol radijs placido luilrabat iumina mundum,
Horridus in pitces,quos quondam vertit acerbse
Perculfos ni mio mentis tenore Typh^us:
Leniter afpirant venti placidiflirDa miti
Aura rates ducit curfu,Deus ipfe fauebat
Lufiadisjdenfis iiquidus finc nubibus aer,
Non imbres fxui, tempeftatefque fonabant,'
Notaque iam Lybicg radebant lutora xcnx,
lamque relinquebant rupem cognomine PralTum
CLim procui apparent nunc hrc,nunc illa pateti

5^0 Infulaconfpc&tu,ponti quascircuitvnda.
Atnollcrvalidofubnixus robore Gamma
Oii fortuna fauct,mifcra rcquiefcereterra
Non ibtuit, nullus campos habitabat arator,
Egreirumque parat, fcd ca:ptum ducere curfum
Non potuit,clemens aliud Dciis ipfc parabat.
Ecce autem paru^ vcniunt e littore iintrcs
Turmatim,&: noi^ro faifi iparis squora fiadunt,
Lintres angulb forma4ongaquc hgura,
Vt faciiem^ accelcrenc curfum/fclilquc fcrantur,



L I B E R L

"iwis folet cx ficc3e contexere vimiiie palmaE
icns ignara bonx,lintim qiisBfeminatartis
nfeiix iioniinum facies, 66 tincia colore
)l>fcuro,Plia£ton quos denigrauerat audax,
Mm male Phxbeos currus,male fiilgida folis
.umma direxit,furias nec fraenat equorum
Ethereoque cadit pra^ceps reuolutus OlympOa
mmenfum accendit radi]s folai ibus orbem
k laci-ymofa fuos feniit Phaetufa calores
joilipio inteximt veiiem,varioque colore
niiciunt,alij njgrantia corpora cingunt
ix humeris alijs tenet aurea iibula morfu,
'endentcm tunicam cundi fua pedora nudant.
Lrma,breues gladij,decorant latcra ardua iidt f
nfula lata caput varijs circumdata gyris
)rnat,dumquc maris placidi fecat xquora pror^
^ornua rauca fonant^niinGmurmuratibia mittiti
.uliadum claiFem manibus fignifque vocabant
'£ celerem reprimatcurfum,fperetque vocantes
*d iam conucrfs tendunt ad littora puppes,
tidomitufque fuGs cxcrcet muta labores.
lc fi meta tbrct poilremis Inrah curis:
)oiligcrearma iubet clamans mira artcmagiiler^
'elaque fubmittens malo defcendit ab alto
iaior virga.parat rigidos ars nautica funes
larbafa prefia ligat,ligat & pars dura rudentcs,
.nchora dcproraiacitur,ftantlittorepuppes.
.nte tamen laceras fundet quam ferrea naiies
.nchpra i^Eta rates proles Phaetontica Liius
•;n4it,^ mgratonoijn mm gaudia vulcu,
>•■ I/i



8



ioq



41^



410



M^



L V S r A D V M

45^ Inclytus hosdudorpietatemfignis,& armis
Accipit hofpitiojmenfaque inuitat amica.
Continuo louodecoratur menfa Jiquore
Quem fallax mira Bacchus produxerat arte
Vitrea vafa mero completjnollrique propinant
Pocula plena,placet vinum,donumque Lyei.
Ddque epulis menfas fpoliat , hilarefque reciibunt
Haiid ignota loquens £c barbarus incipit ore.
Sed vos,qui tandem,quibus aut veni.Ois ab orisf
Quoue refertis jter?noilri quid littora tradus
Raditis?& vell ra; fulcant maria alta carinse?
Ponite iamtantis finem,iam ponitecuris,
At pietate graiiis Vafcus fic mcipit ipfe.
Occiduascolimusternasjfcptemqiietrioni
Subiedus dudov nobts dat.noraina Lufus,
Qn^rimus auror^ niincproxjmalittora,terr2B
P jr varios cafus,per multa pericula ponti,
Per dubias niundi partes, confpeximus Auflrr
Sydera ckra poli prifcis incognita nautis,
Ec Lybi^ vaiias fitientts voluimus oras; .

^^0 Kex eciam fapiens regni nioderatur habenas,
Sic populo charus placjdo; fic dignus amore,
Vc non Nepruni folum deuincere regna,.
Oceanique'domos hilari ilibraittere fronte,
VeruTTi etiam obfcuri nigras Acharontis ad vndas;
Audeat,& ilygias gens hf c penetrare tcnebras.
Hic lubet imperioper tot difcriraina rerum,
Ventorumque iras,tempeftatefque fonoras
Qnxrere regn.i fuis quf fludlibus irrigat Indus
Diues>ac.itir]feras dcducit ad ^quora lympha»

SC'



L I BE R L f

Scd ni fata vetaiit ^quum eft hos fcire rogantes
3nJ ildsPcju^ iit tellu3?qni dcnique morcs?
5ui rcges?ritus qui iint iine fraode Tonantis?
runc quidam experto fianks dc pcdore voces
Protulic. Extern],& terris,& kgibus^iilam
rellurem.,tradumquc coiunt,quos cs^ca crcauig
>?atur^,6c leges do6^^ fine lumine mentis,
Slos iilam requimur lc*>em,riturque parernos,
5gos docuit fapiens Abrahami,ex fanguine natu%
Ethnicus&iueratparerilii^Hebrsfaquemater ^
Cnfula p^rua quidem,fed m.axima pondere clari
^rgeati,atque aurijdiuerfa cil ccpja ditis
5ombycis ac eborifque iimul non indi^:X ntcrcis*
^uncportum appellunt naues.quas Quiloa mittie
Oiues opum, Mombaga feroKadiuefque Sophaia,
\:que hinc perpetusm fxlici ponere fedem
<fitimur aufpiciOjCapiuntnos iittora regno;
k^^tque nihil lateat dcmum vos, pa rua vocacuif
Viocambique,fua decoratur & infula voce.
[^^ndoquidem e longis pra?fcinditis xquora terris>
Et tbrtunari loclupletcs qusEfitis vndas
-ittoris Eoijflagrantefque ignibus oras;
^auclerum dabimus,qiii vos expertus ad 6mm
-itLUs>5c ignotas duc^i per marmora terras;
Ac etiam vc graris tcHuris fnj&btis omncs
/'efcantur,placidum capiant<8^ pcclorafomntini^
Equum eritvtrec^or,:po|uiliqiii fceptra gubcmar^»
"os videat, veiiroque af pcc^u Isetus ini bit
^2edera,paciiicu!iyque d^bit per ikeula pottim^
ralia di(2a dedit Maurusj^naydqus r^lijaq^u^



^C^



4^



B



I,::t©ri^



L V S I A D V M

^^g Littora nota pet5r,patriarquc rediuit ad asdcs,
Ardentis vukum,iignumque oflcndit anioris.
Oceani jatercacurrusfubmerfcratvndis
Phaebus, luna luo kiil rabat lampade mundijm, |
Convpltbat nox ana omnes caligine terrasr
Lufiades Iseto conrumum pcdore nodlem
Exultiintque animis charae quod nimcia terraf
Certa habeant;non fjeua prcment fafiidia lati
Amphus Oceani, nec iam maris xquor arandum:
Hi gentcm ignotamjritum,morefque,modofquer
6^^^ iEthiopumque notant ve(ies,hi mentc quieta
Legcm indignantur^vcnifTc ad limina mundi
Vkima Maurorum, faciles liiudcre gentes,
Et macuiare hominu Mahometica dogmata mcntes
Candida luna liia decorabat marmora luce,
Et magni Oceani tf emulo fub lumine fludiis
Fulgebant ncc ccrta fuos radiantia claros,
Aiira ncgant radios,furias pofucre cauernis
Incluii obfcuris vcnti,ca^iuntque quietcm.
Attamen cxcubias gens Lufa excrcet in altis
C510 Puppibusjhocfemper pcrtcmporalonga folebaiir
Et nautdc excrcercfero Sc gens dedita Marti.
Sedpoftquam rutilans rofeas aurora quadrigas
£xtulit,6c ofcis ornauit crinibus orbem,
Excutiens fomnum Phaebo,tunc gaudia nautse
OftenduntjClairemqucornantvexillaTonantis,
Signaquc nota Grucis noftrique infignia regni,
Vt populi accipcrent feftiuo pcdore fummum
1le6:orem,deturque pia: par gratia mcnti.
Spumofiipasleatbftcataefuarisvndas^^ '«



L I B E R I.



lo



Ille animo Ijeto Luiam conrccndere claiTem
Optat,& oblatis folari fr iidibus illos,
Qni laceros artus,defeflaque membraferebanr,
Ipfe putat Lufosiilam gentem eiTe ferocem,
Turcarum quondam,qui Gafpiapratacolentes
Aurea fceptra Afe,& ditifllma rcgna feuero
Submiferc iugo,folium,terrafque patentes
Conflantine tUi^s csfpere,& msenibus vrbes.
Munitas,magnosyiderunt ftragis aceruos,
Chrri44icoJum fieuo fubdentes colla tyranno.
At Dux Gamaducem Maurorum mente fercna
Accipit hofpitiojfociofque am pleditur,vfus
More ducum tribujt regalia dona regenti,
Atque cibos ofFertdulces^vinumque propinat
?nfolitum,Bacclii quo triflia corda liquore
Lcetantur cum forte datur,notat omnia Maurus:
Munera tunc hilaris recipit,fed latior haurit
Pocula pjena mero,dapibus contentus amicis,
Lufiades ngidis peadent de funibus,vfum,
Vefles,atque modos mirantur,verbaque lingur
Barbara non capiunt noflras turbantia mentes;
Sic etiam prudens afluto pec^ore Maurus
Infolitas cernens vcfles,hominumque colorem,
Miratur nauesjtormentaque bellica Martisj
Et rogat an veniat Turcarum ex littorc claflis.
Quin etiam exoptat noflr^ clariflima legis
Prajeepta,& fidei fiRdos cognofcere libros,
V^tvideantflfortefuisconformiadicais,
^n flnt Chrifliad^Pqu^ flat fententia menti;
Dcniquc gtmaa notans fortiflimapoflulat am^r,

B a Q«eis



5P



54©



L V S I A D V M

JJD QiieisfcraLuliaclumproleSjdumprajliamircet
PugnatvSi horniiGas deuincit Marte cateruas,
Taliatnnc placido depvompilt pcdore Gama.
Narrabo latejforrunatiflime redor,
Quae mea progeniesPquis JdrnPquas Martia bello
Arma feram? quae lint kgis pr^Ecepta fupernse?
Non ego Turcarum fxuo fum fanguine cretus,
Nec mea ciaflis arat ram diro e littore pontu m,
Meque,meofque tulit pr^gflans Europa fodales,
Inde rates veniunt ponto maria alca fecantcs,
^So IndiaGjqueiinusceleberrimalittoraqucsrunt, .
• LegemhabeoChriiii,nutuquicun<aagubernat,
Qj^ii c3elom,terramque fimul mira arte crcauit,
CHu piopter peccata hominum dimifllis ab alto
JEthc vcy^ h urnana facie veiiitus Olymp i
Exequiturpra;ceptadocens5^dogmatalegis, •,
Qncishomines poflint fuperas afcendere adaurasi
Q£.sqae Crucem fubiens rDortem tolerauit iniquam
Inuidia Ifacidum.mundumque cruore redemit.
Nec mecum astherea: diuina volumina pcrto
«70 Legis^namque animo fiabili quf impreiia gerumurj
IncafTum hbris gerimus. Si noitra videre
Arniamenta cupis, quamprimum iufTa facefTam,
Pacatufque vide^durus nam cernere,vt hcflis
Nil tibi proficuum,nifi me fcntentia fallit.
Dumqueh^cdidarefcrtjflatim iubetille miniflrjs
FortiademonflrentMauro armamenta,i^rumur
Continuo gaksE criflata;,fcutaque mins
Pida raodisjatar parmiK.variaquepetitus
Arte thoraXjfortes lamina?, clypeique geruntur.

Loric«



IIBKR I.

Loric3B 5ppar€nt,hamis,auroqiic trilices
Pliimbka pila llmul^fdopique e^c xvc n itentes,
Et bailiila ierox,pharetr3:qiie arcuiqiie.ingJti^,
Et vanum halhiruni genus,& venabula qu^,
Sulphureaequeolldej bombardaque iiairime^ clamnii
Qu« mortaie gerens,cruddia faia miniilrrit,
Scd fiammsta tamen tormenta exr.lod
Vc bombarda fonos emirtat, 6c hornda telius
Terribiii fonitu ilupefatlaquc ora tremifcant,
Pedore Gama vetat generoib iniignis,ct armis.
Duxetenimnequitipfe ferura fimulare leonem
Intcrouesjnterque agnosjintcrque capellis,
QnAiis erant populi rcdor,M3unque fodalcs,
O heminiim varias ibrtes! b pe^:ora dura-'
Namqaeex hofpitiocrudrlem concipit irani
Maurus cundla .notans,odioque exardet iniqiio,
Etquodcumque vjdet^edet i4ta jn mente rcpollun^
Attamen hoc aniitio {imulans;& pcdorc ££o
Conftituit Lufbs extremis tr;;idcre f- ns,
Cogitat. 5i ciailem,crepitahtibus vrere fiani m is.
Naucierum Dux Gama pctitjquipoiut sd Indum
Aurorfieque ortu m nof! ras deducere oaues,
Pr? mia propen it,muiti f lat copia niimmi .
Aii Maurus mittit finrdlato pe(^ore redlor ,
NauclerOsdiro macuiatos corda veneno,
Namcladem extremam^. nollrar f^uamque ruinam
Ilie daret clafli,ii poiTet,& ignibus omnes
Infismmare rates,tumicio & ilibaiergere ponto,
Tali odiocx2riit,|i;??itQ ruitiDlh Yoluutas




^IP



L V S i A D V M



Lufiades contra quos nouerat cffe fequaces
3:)odrin2E Chrini,& £dci quam landa Tonantis
FIaminedu5:a doeet fcdes Romana,iupremi
Sunt recreta Dei,qr.od numquam perfidus hoilis
Chriiiicoiis dcfit,quosiic fibi nedit amore,
Comitura nollrisjdifcedit Maurus,& lilum
^quora rcindcntes foci j comitantur euntem.
Liitora dum tetigit^noras confcendit ad xdcs»
Sedibus intcreaab fuperis Dionyfius jlle
Quem populi Bacchum dicunt,alijque Lyeum

620 Htgenuilieloui Semelemfertfamaparenti,
Qux moritur diro lunonis iiilmine tada.
Lufiadum gentem Mauro videt eife molellam,
Infenfamque facis,truculcnto in pec^ore fraudcm
CogitatjVt valeat totam difpcrdere cli?frem:
Duni le non agitat memorans fic talia farur.
Luforum gentcni ilatueruntfdta triumphos
P jrcir^,& f^uis Indorum vmcere cafira
Viribus,atque altos metuendo fccndere muros
ilobore, &:1 oas ad fe conuertere gentcs.

6yO Ail cgo quem genuit Pater omnipotenris-.Qlympi
Torque opibus cl<arus,tantis atque artibus au<5tus
Fata fauere alijs pat!ar,queis nominajVires,
Geilaque noitra i:uant,ac tandem morfa paludi
Ltethex accipiant seternum mortua ii^mnam?
Sic pUcu!t iupcrjs, fcitiique vrpentibusoiim
M igniis Alexandcr,quod muho milire terrrvS
Vinccret Indiacas.popnlps ac multa iuberet
Mircicolbiugo.Si: noilra-^» compelkretoras,
Q^ meafima fuit itygjjs abicondita lymphis;



At



L I B E R I.



12



At modo quod Liirus numeroque Sc viribus i.:^ ir
jEquora Nepumiiindat maleiida carinis,
Litcoravt Eoxcapiatditifiimatcrr^,
Portia prxcipuae tandem &; figna inferet vrbi,
Mifcent atque vndas vitro Tagus aunfer Indo,
HoGcine Cquajio equidemj iuik eii ratione fercndu.
Non padar,nec feta dabunt harc robora genti
Luii jdum, vifesjdnimoli & pedoris artes.
QncJs mea fada ipli ipoii cntsac fama recedat.
SicutAlexanderMagnusjnAmfque Phdippj
Traianufque etiam CsEiar, vcl filsus audax
Tartareo nailrum merferunt ilumine nomen
Non ficjiiamque pnus quam naues littota tangant,
Etteneat noiiras dudor cclebernmus oras,
Nos talcm infa ndp iTaudem iabricabi mus afl u,
Vt nuniquam Indiacos poflic conti ngcre fi nes .
En ego Oiympiaca deicendam lapilis ab arce,
Ei^oluam infida",fimulataque pcdora gentis.
Nam reSa graditur iemper,qui tempora rebus
Oppormna fuis qUcTrit; fic fatur Olympo
Deiccnditque aii:o,furi js turbatus rniqn is,
Et menteHifana Lybico conternjjna prafTo
Littora nota petit,lormam,ge(lumque recepit
Humanurn,yt poirit mel iiscontexere fraudem,
Indiiit infandi l-4ciem,vuitiimque fcniiem
Mauri m piebe iatis j:amaque,<Sc nomin^ noti, -
Ec quem- (Tordp vaf jr lapientem redor habebat,
ingrefihfquc aitam recloris callidus aulam,
Deprompiit talcs hill:^ci e pedore voces.
W^ quo> humana recipis tu meatc rapinam

B4 Inima-



<^40 3



6«o



660







L V S I A D V M

"^l^ Imnir3iiCFn,tctoc|tieexercent^quorcfurtum:
Nam mihi fama celer variis ex gentibus orbis
Bi ripiiiiTe r.ltes, vr bes.ac oppi<ia narrar,
Appellont viifVo dum iacautospedoreportusj
Dpcjpionrqae homines oblato fxdere pacis.
Q^i^n ethtp & regnum pelagi , nauefque per illud
Jn varj^slriundi partes opuknta trahejites
Dona prernuntj c.ipiuntque,nccaptosfiinere marilo
Confnmnnt.mn^erofqoe homines*ad tartara mittiit,
Et longo inficYi^s componunr tcrfipore,fraudes

^80 Inilmulant.iinguntque dolos.qqcis regoa ruinam
^of^ilem videant Maurorum , vtqne omnibus atra
liata fcrant5r.jpi3nt mcrces^ac morte crueura
AfHciant charas vxores, pignora captent
NoHraqi^c^rucertusquamprimum adlitiora mutas
Venturo.svt aquam faciant,pamuria lymphsB
B3:u^ premitjVenietque flmul cum miiitediidor ^
Arn)4io,namGueooiniseuKil2patayirerara
l"iiil3a teget,cernnn eiMlmulata ex mentenefandus
Nahritur ipfemerus,damn^ti?qaecGrripitofIa. ■ " -'
■'^^ laiidias dcbes.fraudemqiie p^are piratis,

TcQuc,tuarque reg^nt occin.u /llentia Mau ros,-
N^niquedokim incnutufcu fidapericaJaLuii
Non fugient.digni^ique dabimr pro crin^ine' pjenas.



1j



eD5ca po?ircrMa Yireur ii pr<rmia nlprtis;



f^ai!ciGro:> mitt€ Ailutos.ck fraude iaga^s,
Qui mifcros ducan^i .?.d fjmm^iperkuk vhx,
Sxu2qa2 robufl<:s canfentdifcnmii^^i ciMI:
Qn^fiinul iniuido dcpyon:r)\it: pedorc.Reaor
l^^Hn amphxus Mouri^ gratatur ^micpm



LIBBR L 13

Confiliiinijl?:iic!atque fenis prudentis arnorem: 7^*^
LNfec mora,coJiiilium exequitur , bellique paraui
A.rm3, quibus fundendus erat pro flumine iangui:i
^tquc magis cxlet fallaci in pedore damnum,
Mauclerum qusrit^quo non prseflantior aker
Et dare verba viris,& lidum fallere ciirfiim,
A.tqucillum ad noflrum du<5i:orem mittit,yt artc
Diiliauiie^fallatque ducem,& ad vltima ducat
Fatcidocens hommemjqudd tali^ litcora liiflre t,
Ltclaifem infeflam taicsappeilatadcras,
^tniimqnam (^:^cidm enad3t,miferamc]ue ruinam. -^7^
[am PliSfbusradi)stotumlal|rauerat ori^em,
A.rdeba,tK nimio Nabatha^aquc regna calore,
Cum Gama inllituensoptato'; qusercre tcyntcSy
A.rma,dLKef>qoe paratjvcliiti ii conicia fraudis
MensaDimolaforer,fLirit vndique nauita Marti
IDcditus exoptntiun iam comrnittere belliira,
Atque Koiles fliperare/erox bombarda trcmentem
Cymbam oniat, fonitu trepidat tunc liitus auaium,
Ham mens noii hlUt cailis pr^&figa futuri.
«^ugct & inf mdam traadem,quod iuilerat nnte 7*<3

^^Fcrenanci:irom cbfns.ied MarLeparatus
Maurus erat populi miferijqui fr.x-na gi bcrnar,
Reippiili2mc|ne dedit minitans,plermibiie veiieno.
Ires ideo ducunt Lufos ad littora cymb:?,
^fouidus atque fckm magnum conimitcere cri ir cn
Qujdiro fii!t,qnem r^amquam noueraf lioni.
F'-cce surem pairim Mciurorum fseus citerua



'rljc nluc armst) incedunt,i]lc (agitras
|mir:it,durum clypeumqucex T-rc iinillra



;Subrg:.t



LVSIADVM

7 Jo Subligat,hic alius pharetram fufpendit eburna
A collo/uluum laterique accommodiit enfcm,
Vt prohibere queant haurire e fontibus vndas.
Iniidias alrj tendunt,ad pr^lia pauci
Inuitant LufoSjfaciie vt vjdona noftros
Decipiat,pere.mtqne omncs in caflra ruentes.
Non patitur dudjr Lufus^nec miles iniquos
Concurfire canes periittora feruida/Mauros
Gentibus inuid.s rabidofque oflendcre deiiteSj
Sic terram c.^piunt,fic tranlilitsemula pubcs,

740 EtficrobullocaLdampedecalcataremm,
Vt nallus primnm poffit iibi fumere palmam.
Non fecus acquando diro in certamine currens
LKtusam^ins iuuenisciim pulchram cernit amante
Indomicum horribili pcrquirit pedx>re taurum,
Obiiciens fcie cLim.iiis,6c fibiiat amcns.
At bos cormger im Frontem declinat:, & iflum
Praeuider,4tqac octiloS ad talia vulnera claudens
Pf0ijcir,3tqi!e fcrit,mrJcofque occidst ouanres:
Pergere tlc videas Maurorum in prxlia Lufos,

y^Q Infequicur fonitus bombard^ dira minantis
Funera tulphureo,qu:?? pulucrc plena ruinam
Maurorum, 5c magms ii inul aiiicir jdibus vrbes.
Piumbea gLms fcait i<i;n tum tenuiiinnus aer
Ac c i p i e n s lo n 1 1 u m m c c ue nd ■ i m , vcd d i t & i p f um
Horrendam^inEdi pt<5lus iam decid-^t hoflis,
Et timorinfmvem ccritnngic corde cruorem.
Aufu^it hic metuens,vitamque tueturj.-^t zuihyi
Amittit nioriens>(Sc fuuere mcrgtt aoerbo.
Vicc 3rcs Liifi poi t mt ex hofle triumphum,

Si



L I B E R I. 14

ecl prius accendunt radiantibus ignibus vrbeniv ^^

hnpiuntque domos,6c fal fi tcmpia Lyei:

am cupei ct Maurus non talia prcelia rc6tor

ent5re,&: tjmicio nofiros inuadere ferro,

)irplicet,& beliurn inm deteilatur iniquum,

'oniiiiurnque renisdamnatjdamnatque cruentum;

lo!tisopus,damnntgenuitqui ventre , p.irenicm;

jjfugicns r.j^u;'*s niitrit poft terga fagiitas

iainrusu;cr<;tini!cius poilrcnupericuia vitans

lualidis ccleres pedibus timor addit &c alas,

fuclapidcsnunciignavolatjmetusarma miniiirat, 770^

eriida dcfcritur miodico parua iniiila tradu,

lic natat^iile maris iufira[ur fiudjbus,niter

mittit vitam,afl al lus freta concita ponti

:indit,Sc ad terra! breiJiterconiiniatranat,

t qiiidam curuis cur.^s dcponit in vndis,

ic bibit aequoreum fimui, & vomit orciiquorem,

[umbeagicUisantmos Mauiorum deprjmir, aitam

irbaragenscladem cernit,popuiique ruerjtis

xtreniumdcf[ctcaiiim,iacrym;iturj&: vrbis

xcidium rc(?tor,quam confpicit v rere fi^mmas:

c Lufitanus truGuicnio pcdore M.iuros

incit,6c aiportat crudeii ex iioile triumpiium

idores picni fpGiijs,&c diuite prada.

t flm Marte oneratjymphis dolia ampla ft^runtq;

d naues dulcem nuilis prohrbcnribus vnd^^m.

^nfpicit inrerea p roies Mahio mctica nofl ros

-rantcs rjpa lurosinccenfa dciore,

:queira antiquum fouet aita m nien.te vcnenum,

rucrfaquc aliai^ mcdimurpectpre.frair^em.

^- I I:-.perst



78©



IVSrADVM
yp® Imperat eximiae committere fcdera pacls
Maurorum re6iorjfall*ici 5c corde doiorem
Fing!t,6c incsiptom deplorant lumina fadlum,
Pcetiitet atque doli/ed non perccpit intquo
Dux atiiino Maurum petere ard^ vincula pacisj
Et fi6l:am infauflo pacern pro funere mittt.
Ecceiubetfairoprorniirum fiedere nantam,
Qpi noftras kie difiantes seaiiore n^ues
Ad vada faiia trahatjQueis dira occumbere mortc
Luuadcs poiliatj ruat'& iam n^tufraga puppis
^^Q Diuifa hi partes,nec portum appcUei e detur.
At Gama inui6lus,quem venci ac vot^ vocabant
Incf ptas teiitare viasj6i fokiere fa6i's •
Veld notis flatuitjdulcefqne requirereportus
A.uror32j varijs iinemque imponere curis.
Accipitinfefhjhrs hsuispra^torianautam,
Qviem lotca recipi t falfam dux fronte,fecundi3
Carbiia dant veiitisjhilares retiiiaculafbluunt
Nautis>& fublimi fpumas falis serefuebant^
Nercidumque chonis eiaffem comitatur euntem»
^ Ncptunufque patcr fequitur quem ca^tera diuum
Turbajfecatlxtusfpumofaquecxrula Nereus.' ■ ■
At Gamma iacAotusvqui nuilam pedore fraudcni
Naacleri verllL,terras,aciittorafana' ^
Mcnte rog.it:5n.iuta?quc iubet harrarc dblofd' •
Auror^ qiiantum lociipletia intora diilent. ■
Ail fraude inii rudus M.mrus fe cu nda roganti ■
Exponens melius parat illum ad funcra, Bacchus



Sic iiommem faila iiniulatu n> i.n(lruxeratarte,
Et qua^rit noiia damnudiKi;Ciai3]cjue'riiiinam>



Nar



■—-'m^^am



L I B E R L 15

lam gcns LyCadLini menti dum credit iniquse, ^^^
Inlladabat^vultu manifelU iigna timoris.
^n Gammam faikns Phrygios velut impius oliiii
kcepiffe Smon fertur. lacec mrula, fedem
Jua pofuere viriaChriili qui fancla fequuntur
>ogmata,baptifmique luunt peccata iauacro,
)mnia Gamma tarncn fidenti percipit aure,
•Juncia danc animo Ixto noua gandia.donis
Jauckrum inducit,quod tales ducat ad oras
»Jaue3 vt videant fummi fua lumina Chrifli
eftantes pr^ccpta,facra?que lauamine lympha? S^
\.blutos,Rom seque fed iliafandacolentes,
I^c eadem Mauro fuerat mcnsjnfula namque
iorrendos turpis retinet Mahomctis alumnosj
lic putat excidium,poflremaque funera Lufis
mpendere,dolus late,& fraus impia vircs
Lccipit,iniidjafque parat nauclerus acerhas.
JiyiaBinamque vrbs cfi latis circumdata mairis,;
it bello inlignis cseli fuper jethera fertur.
sfauta fuum i;rtos curfum direxit in ilhm^
«edCythcreaVenuscertumdeperderenaues 24^

sFouit iter mortem Ducis impcndere nefandam,
<Ion patiens cafum gentis,quam fempcr amauit
-ittore in ignoto terris.mundique remotis
)ppoiltos mittit ventos,queis litrora tangant
Diuerfa,atque aliam veniatiam ciailis ad oram,
^ttamen infauilus cum iam fruilrata viderct
^auita penfa,aliud moiitur iniq tiics Afcr,
^^que has conftanti dcprompfit pcdloi e voccs«

" ' ^ ..

Nimc



mpetus yndarum ^ furi^ huc slincque vagainom



^^^s:^



LVSIADVM

%^ Nunc prohibent currain optatum, ac inucrtere vc
OppQiicam mundiinpartcro,verum altcraiuxta
Inlbia lataiacet,Guius colitoppida Maurus,
Chrillicol:£que fimul vaAis circumdata campis,
Oaini-a felia tamcn failaci prompferat ore;
Namqiie ibi Chriilicolae nuquam ilbi ponere fed^
Conlbtuere^pio & tempium fabricare Tonanti,
Solum infauiJa colit proles Mahometica campos;
At pietate grauis Mauri mendacia credens
Gani ma uibct nautis ad terram obuerterc proram;

«^^ Diri^it & filios adbarbara littora cnrius,
Sed Vcnus aima volens vitare pericula Lufis,
Non linit vtlittmteneantjfed vt anchora celfis
Djnnirci e prons Liccras liget ipTa carinas.
. Atcrramodicodillabantmfulaponro,
Vrbem habetinfignem fundatam in littore,miirus
Circuit,& varijs decorant ambagibus ^des.
Mombacje nomenterrx,iicnomen & vrbis.*
Rex tamenilluis fcnior modcrammatradat,
Infaullam appropriat tunc infelicibus oram

-%<^. Aufpiciis Dux Gamma,trahit laudanda voluntas
Magnanimum hcroem,folu vt te,Chrit}e, equcnte
Conipiciar populqs, cxlelleque lumen adorer,
At Rex ipfe viros mittit,qui voce falutcm
Aiportentjied cordc necemjqui ducere ad intra
Cogant,& naues tranquillum appellere portum,
Vt manifeila fui toUantur ilgna timoris.
Fecit & hoc quoniain tali illum inilruxcrat arte
Alterius Mauti veilitus imagine Bacchus.
Quattucr hi fanda? tcntant componere pacis

Faeder;



i'>-:^'?j^i*»v,'^T'



^nTjR^^jgi



mfmW IL



m



l I B E R I. I^

a?clcra/ed kthea manent fub melle venena,

iuae.patuere d nci, poftquam retinacula foluit,

llaflis & ingreditur ventodeduda fereno.

y (dolor) infaufe miferanda pcricula vitse /

> iter incertum,niiferi quo pcrgimus omnesf

cce vbi noilra funni figit fpes vltima fedem,

i\ ibi nulla quies,fed mors, vari jque iabores :

Jd maris Qceani profci ndi t pupp jbus vndas,

JuaspatitiifrVfurias ventorum, & Cianina furentum,

rsefentem quoties intentant omnia mortem?

:ripiuntquotiesnubes,coelumque,diemque 8p0

lautarum ex oculis,ponto & nox incubatatra?

lars rnouet in tcrra mentes,nunc belJa cruento

anguinolenta parat flrepitu,nuc fraudibus orbem

>€ilruit,& male fuada fames, & turpis egcilas

e(5Jora noilraquatit,laborimprobusomnia vincit,

Juo nos.^quo tandcm mortalis mxHiis abibit

Ltque incautus homo? breuiterqua traiigitsEUum^

Jup fccura quies vita»?quo ponere certas

Airabit fedes? jbi quod domus aureacelii

Btheris in mifcrum non triijia fulmina vibrat, 90®

Lt paruum vermem crudchbus obruat armis.



INCi-



s®




MMiai






. INCIP I T

L I B E R II

L VSI A D V M.

A R G V M E N T V :M*

REferthoclibrd Poeta, quid in InfuUUom
bacsGdJnm^ euenerit ,(^ fimtdrefert adtsen-
t^m nmiHmjAd Melindanam ciMtatem*




W^^\ Immensuobrcuras picea caligine
§:^^^' Venerat optata ad metajGnrfuque peraao
Aureus Oceano formofa abfconclerat ora,
Noaurnurque Erebi panclit Deu$ ollia, quando
Infidi ad celfas intentantfcandere Mauri
littore {irmarant,quastunc retiaaciilajiaues.
Quattuor cx illis fucrat fapientior vnus, > ^



LIBER li. 17

Mortifcrum ciii cura fuit celarc venenum, 1«

Et fimularc dolum,fi6i:a fic vocc profatur.

[nclitc Dux,animoque ferox, qui marmora fulcas

>Jeptuni,QIfamque viam,Rcx pedore kro,

5ui regit hos populos,placidaque in pacegubernat,

Lufiadum ingrefllim,forrifque ad littora claflis

Graraturjtantamquepius corde hauritamico

La*ritiam,vt folum tc te intra msenia charo

rlofpiiio excipere,8i conflantes reddere dextras

Exoptet,dc?pibufque tuas onerare carinas,

feque videre ducem fama fuper a^thera notum 20

'oltulat aijcipiccm deponens corde timorem

Littora fida petasjfidum portumque fubintres,

fum quia gcns varios tolerauit Lufa labores

Equora Neptuni fulcansjrenouarc liccbif

)efcflbsartus,larga & faftidiafxui

vfarmoris in placidar reparabit fcdibus vrbis:

<fam defefla petit dulcem natura quietem .

li vcraingentes,quas profcrt aurifer Indus,

ifquiris merccs, ii cariophilla requiris,

it pipcr igniuomo qui frigida temperat ^flu, 3«f

;>uaEritur aut adamas rigidus, clarufquc rubinus,

2hrifoljthus,fiilui lucemque topazius auri

Dflcndens, totum inuenies dux maxime noftris

/'rbibus,& poteris metasimponcre curis,

rharaque diledse remeare ad lirtora terrse.

lefpondit dux Gama viro promifla Tyranni

romplacuifle fibi,& regalia nuncia graro

Vcccpifle animojconflanti abfcondita mcntei

ed quia Sol tumidis Neptuni tingitur irndis

C Haud



L V S i A D V M

f^Q Haud regl parcrc potefl,portumuc fubire,
At poltquam 0ki<ia radiarit iampadc tcrras,
Qua naiitf ducant naues,nullumque periclum
Pcrtirneant^complebit ouans mandata,timorem
BtponenSsnaucs & ad vkima littora ducec.
Pr^tereaqnxrit,{i dulcia dogmata Chrifli
Sedantes habitent terras,^'t Nauta fcrebat.
Nuncius ailuto refpQndct pedl:ore,rupes
Incolere,x^ curuo profcindere vomere campos
Chriftjcoias; Gam? fincero a corde timorem

5° Sicaflutusouansdcpelht Maurus,iniquo
Fidit Gama virOvnotamque remittit ad vrbeni
Damnatosquofdam capitaii criminc,cafus
Qups ^ecuni in fimiies ducit,binofquc quictus
^iegk ex illis,fidos Maurifque fodales
AddiditjVt proprio fublimem nominc Rcgcm
Inuifant/JcKtrsE regaJique ofcuia figant.
InRruxitque viros, Maurcrum vtm3Bnia,& vrbcm>
Koboraque ipfa notent,& fi fint vrbe Tonantis
Qui prseccpta coiant vcri,qui pedora facram *

'^o Ance Crucem fiernant, & Chridi numen adorcntii
Muncra larga ferunt faifo ditiffima Regi,
Qu^ Gama in figaum fiabiiiti mittit amoris,
At contra failax trucuientam peftorc fraudem
Concipir,& Gamf Rexcunfe irc5modatradat,
lam Mauri vento,tonfis,&: caerula velis
Scindebant, vrbem & laeti dc more petebanu
Excipit hof^itio binos Rcx iittore Lufos,
Failaoi lcd corde,eadem plebs fubdoia fecit;
At pofJquam vafro tradunt noua munera Regi,

NuH'



wsm



L I B E R ir. 12

NunGiaque accipiunt,& reddant ritc,pktea§ 7^^

Decurrunt vrbis,MiUiortia Msenm fcandunt,
Atque domos,8c tcmpla notat, veflerque,modorque
Sed non cun^fta vident,quoniamgensperfida Lufis
Abfconditquxcumqucpctunt,cupiuntvevidere2
Namq; vbi fraus regnat cercu eil quod texcrc nodos
Cogitec,atque dolos itioliri in pedore cundos.
Attamcn ille DeuSiCuius nitor dre rcfulgct
Perpetuo,cui biriaparcnsjcui vertere clajKm,
Et ruere irircopulos,& cui fallacia curx,
Humanum oftcndens vultum, formamque Ltantis ^^
Chiifliculus f^eds latitabat in sedibus vrbis.
Vtque magis fraudem occultet,fabricauerat airam
Excelfani,genibusflexispianuminaadorat,
Spiritus omnipotens, diumufque haIitusoris>
Hic erat in fpecie,qua apparuit iilc, columbaes
Vn ica mater crat Phsenix pulcherrmia Virgo
BiiTcnis fociata viris, queis omnia mundi
ConcefTum varijs dignofce relittora linguis,
Numinisaduentu decorat Imgua ignea frontesJ
5piritusai]abatcun^iSjCun<aofque feplebat ■ ^

^Jediarecselcllijdiumo&numine.Bini . y^

Poflquam hsec afpexere viri pietate, fideqiic
Procumbunt gcnibus flexis,5c flaraen adorartt
Diuinum,& duplices tendunt adfydera palnias,
rhura Thyonarus calidis Pllanchaia flammis
Vrit»& auratas NabathsfeO fumat adore,
^tque adolet celfas,ceraque bicorniger atas«
^ofpitium hic bini ktiim accepcre fodales
Chriflicola?,lntuitque fimulfalkcia BaccW^ '

Cti ^ Afl



L V S I A D V M

100 Aii vbi fulgentcs rad^os dilpcrfit in Orbem

PhaebuSjpiiichra ruis rubuitque aurora quadrigis,
Ad naucs Miun redeuntjac lufla faceflunt
Regis, qui niuitis contendit fubdolus omnes
Portum intrareracesprccibus, Gamamqucvidere,
Secum etiam binos curarunt ducere Lufos,
Qm confpe<5h duci narrent, mora quaelibet angit
Pedora,vt afpiciat fallaci in iittore ritus
Chriili feruantes,& numina vera colentcs.
Indicat a puppi retinacula fcrrca foluant
lio Gamma,atquc vt naues finuofi liuminis vndas
^ ProfcindantjbiniLufifealtarianarrant
Et vidiiTe facras aras,facrataquctempia,
Et vatem^qui ihura dabat fumantibus aris,
Virginis ac Matris numen cselefie coicbat.
Quin & bis fenos Giirifti afpcxiflc fod.des,
Atquc ibi dcfeflbs artus fiimpfifTe fcporem,
Dum iueem occultat tenebris nox humida, regem,
Et populum tanto perfufos corda fauore,
Vt nullos pofTit doius,aut fraus vila iatcre.
X20 Hisquoque deceptus recipit Dux Gamma dolofos
Lsetantes Mauros animusnam candiclus vliam
Non fentit fraudem,cum iamtot rcdor amoris
Signa daret,fcandatque rates fic mipia nofiras
Plebs,& conueniantjalimentaqtie turpia portenr*
Vcrum iliis nim ium fcdct alto in corde voluptas,
Et iam Lufiadum m ?gniim difpergere fraudem
Turba putat,lacerafque pati difcrimina naucs.
Intcfv^a fseui fallaci Martis m vrbc
Arma parabantur,qucis vc Dux Gamma fubirct

Ingref-



■



1. IB E K II. T^

Ingrefrumportus,acanchoraferreanaues ^i^

Fjrmaret,cundas audax inuaderet hoftis,
Atque dolo Lufis tiatuebant vltima nautis
Fatadare^incautoujue virps fubmergcrc ponto,
Gcftaque fic luerent,quse diidum fa<5ia fuerunt;
Anchora dc prora magna vi ferrea furgir,
EtfoltumcxcrcensrobullusnautaCcleuma,
Antenora noto perflanti carbafa foluit,
Inclin.uitnauesadcalidaIittoraproras.
Ajfl tryc ina Venus placjdo pulcherri ma vultu
Obferuatfemper veterispja^pignoraLufi, i^

Magnanimofque virosvitarepenculacurat
Etnunc inudjas Maurorum fraudeparatas
PcrfpicJt , ab nitido tumidam petit ^thei'e pontum,
Coijuocat 6c Nerei natas dc ranguljie Nymphas,
Quasetiamsequorei comittanturc^tcra poot!
Numina,nam lalfi prognata eit xquoiis vndjs,
Oceanus, Tr iton, Pj'otheus, Ncptunus,& omnes
Nereides Veneri parent,queis illa citati
Defcenfus caufas proponensjlittora qu3erit
Mbmba9«,reliquafq; trahit per marmoraNymphas, 150
Vt cuncts ijnpcdjant,nc clailis naufraga diros
Incidat in fcopulos,tcneat vel littoi-a gintis
Barbarica:,noflrje vitentque pericula naues.
Nympharumfpumas argentca cauda citatum
Exciratob curfum,fbrmofopeaoreCloto
Scindir aquas maioi'i,quam fole

[Gloria]

Myth Man's Award-winning Homework Help
LATIN NAMES OF THE GREEK GODS

Greek Latin Names

Because of numerous requests I have provided a list
of the main Greek gods and their Roman names, if any.

Amphitrite -- Salacia

Ananke -- Necessitas

Aphrodite --Venus

Ares -- Mars

Artemis -- Diana

Asclepius -- Veiovis, Aesculapius

Athena -- Minerva

Atropos -- Morta

Boreas -- Aquilo

Charites (Graces) -- Gratiae

Chloris -- Flora

Clotho -- Nona

Cronus -- Saturn

Demeter -- Ceres

Dionysus -- Bacchus

Enyo -- Bellona

Eos -- Aurora

Eos -- Matuta

Erinyes -- Furies

Eris -- Discordia

Eros -- Cupid (Amor)

Eurus -- Vulturnus

Gaia -- Tellus

Galinthias -- Galinthis

Hades -- Dis Pater, Pluto, Orcus

Hebe -- Juventas

Hecate -- Trivia

Helios -- Sol

Hephaestus -- Vulcan

Hera -- Juno

Heracles -- Hercules

Hermes -- Mercury

Hesperos -- Vesper

Hestia -- Vesta

Hygieia -- Salus

Hypnos -- Somnus

Irene -- Pax

Lachesis -- Decima

Leto -- Latona

Moirae (Fates) -- Parcae

Nike -- Victoria

Notus -- Auster

Odysseus -- Ulysses

Pan -- Faunus

Persephone -- Proserpina

Pheme -- Fama

Phosporus -- Lucifer

Poseidon -- Neptune

Satyr -- Faun

Selene -- Luna

Semele -- Stimula

Silenus -- Silvanus

Themis -- Justitia

Tyche -- Fortuna

Zephyrus -- Favonius

Zeus -- Jupiter



Homework Help
homework help




Web, myth narration & graphics created & maintained by Nick Pontikis
Copyright © 1995 - 2010 Thanasi's Olympus Greek Restaurant
The Myth Man persona © 1988 Nick Pontikis
Copyright © 1999 mythman.com

[Gloria]

Page 693 ODES. BOOK III. ODE IV. 693 Amabilis insania; i. e. the furor poelicus, "the'fine frenzy' of Shakespeare; under whose influence the poet already hears the Muse responding to his call, and is transported to the sacred groves she loves to haunt " (Lincoln). Martin translates, "frenzy's pleasing dream." On lucos - aurae, cf. Virg. A. VI. 638 foll. - 9-16. Fabulosae belongs to palumbes, "the storied doves," (Martin), like fabulosus Hydaspes, C. I. 22. 8. The range of the Apennines that bore the name Vultur was partly in Apulia and partly in Lucania. It is still called Monte Vulture. Venusia, Horace's birth-. place, was near the boundary of those provinces, whence he calls Apulia his nurse. Doves, which were sacred to Venus, have their part in sundry tales. Here Horace intimates they were sent to cover him with laurel and myrtle in token of his future fame, and that he owed his safety to the Muses. In Apulo, a is long, u short; ili Apuliae, a short, u long. Such variations in proper names are not unusual in the Latin poets. The word Sicanus is used as three different feet. Ztalus has the first syllable long or short, and so with other names. Ludo fatigatumque somno. It is clear that some other word, like ojppressuzn, must be understood for soanno. It is a translation of KaqLadrp ag88qKd'TEE )6 Ka' {75rv (I1. x. 98). Acherontia, Bantia, and Forentum were neighboring towns, and still retaini their names under the forms Acerenza, Vanci, Forenza. Stories similar to this are told of Stesichorus, Pindar, Aeschylus, Plato. - 17 -20. Ut... dormirem = how I slept; depending on mirum. Gr. 556, I. 2. A. & S. 262, R. 3, N. 3. Non sine dis; i. e. under the protection of the Muses. - 22-28. The Sabine hills were part of the Apennines, which Horace had to climb when he went to his farmn. Praeneste (Palestrina) was in Latium, about twenty-three miles due east of Rome, on the edge of the Apennines. It was a favorite summer retreat in Horace's day. Tibur. See on C. I. 7. 13. Supinum==sloping; because built on the side of a hill rising from the right bank of the Anio. Baiae. See on C. II. I8. 20. Liquidae probably refers to the clearness and purity of the atmosphere. Vestris fontibus. All retired streams and shady groves were held sacred to the Muses. Parnasus had its fountain, Castalia; and Helicon two, Hippocrene and Aganippe. Philippis. See Lfe. Arbos. See C. II. I3. Palinurus. See Virg. A. VI. 38I. Horace's escape from shipwreck off Cape Palinurus is nowhere else related; and it is doubtful when it happened. Sicula unda here means the Tuscan Sea, not the lfare Siculun, which was on the other side of Sicily. - 29-36. Utcumque. See on C. I. 35. 23. Bosporum. See on C. II. I3. I4. Assyrii = Syrian. The poets confounded Syria and Assyria, as did the prose writers sometimes. Cicero speaks of reles Persarum ac Syrorumn, for the kings-of Persia and Assyria (in Verr.

Page 694 694 NOTES ON HORACE. II. 3. 33). Britannos. The stories of the human sacrifices of the ancient Britons are too authentic to be doubted. The Concani were a Cantabrian tribe. Virgil (G. III. 463) says that the Geloni (C. II. 9. 23) ate cheese dipped in horse's blood. Amnem; i. e, the Tanais, or Don. -37-40. Simul; sc. ac. Addidit = assigned. After the conquest of the Salassi B. C. 25, Augustus assigned their territory to some of the praetorian troops, and there they built Azgusta Praetoria (Aosta); and lands were assigned to others in Lusitania, on which they built Augusta Enmerita (Merida). Tacitus uses addere in the same sense (Ann. XIII. 31). Some editors prefer the, reading abdidit, as more poetical, and conveying the idea of repose after long service in war. Another reading is reddidit, which also has good MSS. authority. Pierio antro. See Ov. M. V. Introduction (p. 403), and on Virg. E. III. 85. Suetonius says that Augustus devoted himself to literary pursuits with great zeal, and even dabbled in poetry. - 41-48. Vos - almae = Ye give peaceful counsel, and rejoice in giving it, (because ye are) gentle. Consilium is here a trisyllable. Cf. connubio, Virg. A. I. 73. The wars of the Titans (with Uranus), the Gigantes, the Aloidae, and Typhon, or Typhoeus, (with Zeus), are all mixed up in the description which follows. Cf. Virg. G. I. 279 foll. But neither poet was writing a mythological history. There is great power in the description here. Milton mixes up myths in much the same way when it answers his purpose to do so; as in Lycidas (where he speaks of Atropos as "the blind Fury"), in L'Allegro and ni Penseroso (in the genealogies of Mirth and Melancholy), in Conmus, the Hymn on the Nativity, and elsewhere. Ut. The accusative with the infinitive would express merely the fact; ut with the subjunctive tells how it all happened (Dillenb.). Caduco = swift-descending; like KaTalt3drr77 in Aeschylus. Inertem = motionless'; like bruta, C. I. 34. 9. Regna tristia = the gloomy realms (of Pluto). - 49 - 56. Juventus refers to the Gigantes. Brachiis limits fidens; the XElpear0 7rME7roLtOres of Homer. Fratres; i. e. Otus and Ephialtes, the sons of AloEus, whose exploit of piling.Pelion on Ossa in their attack upon Olympus (Olympus, Ossa, and Pelion formed a continuous range, running down the coast of Thessaly), is first mentioned by Homer, Od. XI. 314. See Virg. G. I. 280, where frondosum explains Horace's opaco. Ovid,.Fasti, III. 441, inverts the order, and puts Pelion uppermost, as Horace does. In Fasti, V. 35, he attributes to the hundred-handed giants (v. 69) the exploit which the oldest legend assigns to the Aloidae. These variations are only worth noticing as they help to show that the Romans set little value by these stories, and only used them as ornaments of poetry; and to prevent students from wasting their time in attempting to reconcile statements which are not reconcilable. - Typhoeus

Page 695 ODES. BOOK III. ODE IV. 695 (Tvrce.rv) warred with Zeus on his own account. He belonged neither to the Titanes nor the Gigantes. Mimas and Rhoetus were of the Gigantes. Porphyrion sand Enceladus were of the same family. Cf. Virg. A. III. 578.* On imposuisse, cf. colle6isse, C. I. I. 4. - 57 - 64. Aegida _ the aegis; the skin of the goat Amalthea, the nurse of Zeus, said to have been worn by him first in these wars with the Gigantes. It is occasionally found in ancient representations of Jupiter, but more commonly of Minerva. To account for the epithet sonantem, we must understand that the aegis was taken to represent, not only the goat-skin folded over the breast, but also a shield and a metal breastplate, either of which it may signify here. Homer represents both Apollo and Pallas as wearing their father's aegis. Avidus = eager (for the battle). In enumerating the principal gods who assisted Zeus in the battle, Horace means to say that, although they were present, it was Pallas to whom the victory was mainly owing. The Greek Here was commonly represented naked, or partly so. The Roman Juno was always clad as a matron from head to foot. Her favorite character was Juno Matrona or Romnana, which meant the same thing. Her introduction, therefore, under this title, is meant as a compliment to Rome. The description of Apollo combines his various places of abode. Castalia wkas a fountain on Parnasus. Lyciae dumeta are woods about Patara, a town in Lycia, where Apollo passed six months of the year, as he passed the other six at Delos, which place Horace means by natalem silvamn; i. e. the woods on Mount Cynthus. Cf. Virg. A. III. 73 foll. and A. IV. I43 foll. - 65 -72. Vis - sua = "unreasoning strength by its own weight must fall." (Martin.) Temperatam =governed, controlled; i. e. by reason. Idern = and yet they. See on C. II. 1o. 22. Vires - brute force. Gyas. See on C. II. I7. 14. He belonged to another family consisting of three brothers, Gyas, Cottus, and Briareus or Aegaeon, distinguislied from the rest by having each of them a hundred arms. Most accounts represent these brothers as helping Zeus. Horace follows a different legend. Integrae (like intacta-e, which has the same root)= chaste. See on C. I. 7. 5 and C. III. 2. I8. Cf. Virg, A. I. 345. Orion. See on C II. I3. 39. Virginea =virginis; adjective for limiting genitive, as often. - 73-80. These monsters, with the exception of the Aloidae, were said to be the offspring of Terra (cf. Virg. A. VI. 580; A. IV. I78; Ov. M. I. 157, etc.); and they are often represented as buried under islands and mountains for their punishment. The one under Aetna is variously spoken of as Typhoets, Enceladus, and Briareus. Cf. Ov. M. V. 346 foll. and Virg. A. III. 578 foill. Tityi. See on C. II. 4. I. Nequitiae (= nequam, the abstract for the concrete), is dative with additus. Amatorem; sc. Proserinhae. Pirithoum. See on C. IV. 7. 28.~ and on Virg. A. VI. 6oi.

Page 696 696 NOTES ON HORACE. ODE V.- In the year B. C. 53, M. Licinius Crassus, as consul, marched an army into Mesopotamia against the Parthians, and was disastrously defeated, losing his own life, with twenty thousand men killed and ten thousand prisoners. Again, in the year B. C. 36, M. Antonius attacied the Parthians, and was repulsed with great loss. It was Horace's purpose in this Ode to allay the prevalent feeling of soreness and impatience under the disgrace of these reverses, so long unredeemed; and to discourage any hope or desire for the return of the Parthian prisoners. This desire he seems to impute to a degenerate spirit, and the story of Regulus is introduced to call back men's minds to the feeling of a farmer generation. 1-4. Coelo - regnare = We believe that Jove the Thunderer reigns in heaven. Jupiter Tonans had a temple on the Capitoline hill. Credidimus. See on collegisse, C. I. I. 4. Praesens; sc. in terris, as opposed to coelo. Adjectis =when he shall have added. He had not done it, nor did he ever do it. Gravibus. Cf. C. I. 2. 22. - 5 - 7. It was about twenty-eight years since the disastrous campaign of Crassus. Orelli says Horace does not allude to M. Antonius's losses in the same quarter eighteen years afterwards, partly because it would i have been indelicate towards Augustus, and partly because of his affection for his son, L. Antonius. Vixit is emphatic, since they married to save their lives. The disgrace lay in their intermarrying with those who not only had not conznubiunm with Rome, but were her enemies. Pro - mores! = Alas for our senate and our altered manners! Pro expresses vehemence varying in kind according to circumstances. It is followed by the nominative or accusative. In the common exclamation, Pro deum Zhominzumguefden! the accusative is always used. The Curia (called Hostilia, because it was said to have been built by Tullus Hostilius) was the senatehouse. - 8 - 12. In armis; for the prisoners may have served in the Parthian armies. Marsus et Apulus. See on C. II. 20. i8. It does not appear that the Apulians were particularly good soldiers, but the states of Italy all furnished troops (socii), and the Roman army is here referred to. Perhaps Horace added the Apulians to the Marsi through affection for his native state. Anciliorum. Gr. I36. 3. A. & S. 93. 2. The andciia were twelve shields, of which, according to tradition, eleven were made by order of-Numa after the pattern of one that was found in his house, and was supposed to have come down from heaven. It was prophesied that, while the ancile was preserved, Rome should survive. The ancilia were kept by the priests of Mars (Saii) in his temple. By togae is meant his citizenship, since none but Roman citizens wore the toga. Horace collects the most distinguished objects of a Roman's reverence, his name, his citizenship, the shield of Mars, only to be lost, and the fire of Vesta,

Page 697 ODES. BOOK III. ODE V. 697 only to be extinguished, when Rome should perish. Incolumi Jovi while Jove is safe; i. e. while the Capitol is safe, where was Jove's temple. -13 - 16. Hoc - aevum = This the far-seeing mind of Regulus guarded against, when he refused to agree to dishonorable conditions, and drew from such a precedent a presage of ruin upon generations to come; i. e. Regulus had foreseen the danger to posterity of a precedent which should sanction the purchase of life upon dishonorable terms. In the year B. C. 256, during, the first Punic war, M. Atilius Regulus, being consul, invaded Africa, and after many successes, taking many towns and laying waste the country, he was terribly defeated and taken prisoner with 500 others. After he had been five years a prisoner, the Carthaginians sent him to Rome to negotiate peace, which, at his own instigation, was refused. He returned, and, it is said, was put to death with torture. On condicionibus, see Gr. 385. 4. A. & S. 224, R. 3. - 17- 24. Si - pubes'if the prisoners were not left to die unpitied. Affixa. See on Virg. A. III. 287. Militibus. Gr. 385. 4. A. & S. 224, R. 2. Tergo is dative for in tergum. Portasque non clausas = the gates (of Carthage) wide open. Cf. A. P. i99. Marte populata nostro = devastated by.our army. Gr. 705. II. A. & S. 324. 2.25- 30. Repensus = ransomed; a sense not found elsewhere. Scilicet marks the irony. Gr. 705. IV. A. & S. 324. 4. Flagitio - damnum = you are adding mischief to disgrace; the mischief of a bad precedent, as Dillenb. suggests. Ritter refers damnum to the waste of money in ransoming those who were worthless. Macleane thinks, from what follows, that the. mischief would arise from. having among them again those who had stink so low. The flagitium was in the defeat and surrender. Fuco =dye; a marine plant of some kind which yielded a red juice used in coloring. From some accounts it would seem to be a mordant rather than a dye. Nec - deterioribus = true virtue, when it has once been lost, does not care to be restored to the degenerate. Horace does not seem to consider that he is making Regulus speak bitter things against himself. The argument of Regulus is not worth much, and is an invention of Horace's. There is an opposite statement in Virgil, A. II. 367. Deterioribus is dative; not ablative, as some make it, translating: "does not suffer itself to be replaced by false virtue, or virtue of a lower sort." -34 - 40. Marte =proeZio. See on v. 24, and cf. Virg. A. II. 335. Hic - miscuit = He ( i. e. the coward), not considering to what he ought to owe his life (i. e. to his own sword, unza salus victis, Virg. A. II. 354), confounded peace with war; i. e. made peace for himself on the; field of battle. Duello; old' form for bello. See on Ov. M. V. 555. Probrosis - ruinis = the higher (prouder) for the disgraceful downfall of Italy. Ruinis; abl. of cause. - 42 - 44.

Page 698 6:98 NOTES ON HORACE. A Roman citizen taken prisoner by the enemy lost his status or civil rights, and he who had done so was said to be cajit~e minutus or deminutus, or capitis minor. Livy says the Romans always wanted compassion for their own soldiers taken in war (XXII. 6I). Torvus sternly. Humi. Gr. 424. 2. A. & S. 22I, R. 3.-45, 46. Labantes = wavering, irresolute. Consilio; abl. of means with firmaret. iNunquam - dato = such as was never given before. - 49 - 56. Cf. Cicero de Off. III. 27: Nec vero ignorabat se ad crudelissimum zastemn et.ad exquisita supl5icia 5roficisci. Sciebat = he knew all the while. Note the force of the imperfect. Reditus. Dillenb. thinks the plural is used to express his frequent efforts to shake off his friends and return; but, as Macleane suggests, it is more probably to avoid the recurrence of a final m. Quam; with non aliter. The sense is: just as if he had been settling a dispute, as patroni were wont to do for their clientes (see on C. III. I. IO), and was going to his country-seat at Venafrum or Tarentum. Venafrum, now Venafro, was a town near the river Vulturnus, on the confines of Latium, celebrated for its olives and oil. Tarentum, the modern Taranto, was on the western coast of Calabria. It is called Lacedemonian, because its inhabitants were expelled by Spartan invaders, B. C. 708. ODE VIII. - This Ode was written on the anniversary of Horace's accident with the tree (C. II. I3). It is addressed to Maecenas, whom he invites to join him in celebrating the day, which was the first of March, B. C. 25 probably. 1- 4. Martiis caelebs. The Matronalia, or feast of married persons in honor of Juno Lucina, when husbands made presents to their wives, and offered prayers for the continuance of happiness in their married life, was celebrated on the first of March. Quid velint = what mean. Gr. 525. A. & S. 265. Acerra thuris=a box of frankincense. Caespite vivo; i. e. on an altar of green turf. Cf. O.v. M. IV. 752. -5- 8. Docte -linguae; i. e. well read in the literature of Greece and Rome; perhaps said sportively in this connection. Sernmones. Gr. 380. A. & S. 234. II. Epulas. A solemn sacrifice was commonly followed by a banquet, at which libations were poured to the god to whom the sacrifice had been offered. Funeratus is not found in any other writer earlier than Pliny. He and others after him use funerare for to bury. Horace here attributes to Liber the deliverance he had before attributed to Mercury, Faunus, and the Muses, successively. See on C. II. I7. 28. Why the goat was sacrificed to Bacchus, Virgil tells us, G. II. 376- 380. - 9 -12. Anno redeunte = with the returning. year; i. e. every year. The amphorae were kept in the apatheca in the upper part of the house, to which the smoke from the bath had access, as this was thought to

Page 699 ODES.' BOOK III. ODE XVI. 699 hasten the ripening of the wine and to improve its flavor, just as Madeira wine is improved by being kept in a warm temperature. The amphora being lined with pitch or plaster, and the cork being also covered with pitch, the smoke could not penetrate if these were properly attended to. Amphorae is the dative. Gr. 385. 4. A. & S. 222, R. 2. Consule Tullo. L. Volcatius Tullus was consul B. C. 66, the year before Horace was born. This wine, therefore, had probably been in the amphora upwards of forty years. Sulla once treated the Romans with some wine more than forty years old.- 13 - 15. Amici sospitis = for (on account of) the safety of thy friend; a Greek construction. Centum; a hyperbole. Vigiles —lucem; i. e. keep up the feast till daybreak. - 17 - 24. Mitte = dismiss. Cotiso was king of the. Daci, a tribe on the Danube. Sibi; with infestus, though it may depend on luctuosis or dissidet. On the quarrels of the Parthians among themselves, see Introduction to C. I. 26. The Cantabri, in Spain, were a fierce and warlike people, and were subdued by Augustus only after a struggle of several years. Hence sera - catena. The Scythae may be the Scythians who helped Phraates; or, as some think, the Geloni and other tribes beyond the Danube. Horace means, in general terms, that the enemies of Rome were no longer troubling her.- 25 - 28. Negligens - laboret = not anxious lest in aught the people suffer; i. e. since you have no cause to be anxious about public affairs. Privatus, according to Dillenb. and Ritter, is =c cm privatus sis, but the explanatory remarks of the former make it quite the same as Macleane's " Be here the private gentleman," which seems to express the meaning. Severa; i. e. civiles curas (v. I7). ODE XVI. - Horace here dwells on his favorite theme, contentment and moderation, which he is able to illustrate by the example of Maecenas (v. 20), as well as his own. 1-4. Dana6n. See on Ov. M. IV. 6I i. Tristes -= strict. Mu.. nierant. See on sustulerat, C. II. r7. 28. Adulteris =lovers. — 7, 8. Fore is dependent on the verbunm sentiendi implied in risissent. Pretium = a bribe. The fable of the shower of gold has here its simplest explanation. - 10-16. Amat. See on amant, C. II. 3. Io. Auguris; i. e. Amphiaraus. His wife Eriphyle, (see on Virg. A. VI. 445) bribed by her brother Polyneices, induced her husband to join the expedition against Thebes, where he fell, enjoining upon his sons to put their mother to death. This Alcmaeon did, and, like Orestes, was pursued by the Furies, and finally lost his life in attempting to get possession of the gold. necklace with which Eriphyle had been bribed. Vir Macedo; i. e. Philip, who used to say that he could take any town into which an ass could climb laden with gold.

Page 700 700 NOTES ON HORACE. Juvenal (S. XII. 47) calls him callidus emptor Olynthi, and Valerius Maximus (VII. 2. IO), majore ex parte mercator Graeciae qiuam victor. The oracle of Apollo had told him, it is said, to fight with silver spears (adpyvpEats X6yXatcL) and he should always conquer. Munera - duces is supposed to refer to Menas, otherwise called Menodorus, the commander of Sex. Pompeius's fleet, who deserted from him to Augustus, and back to Pompeius, and then to Augustus again. He was rewarded beyond his merits. Saevos= "rough"; or, perhaps, brave, as in Virg. A. I. 99. -18. Mlajorum is neuter, and objective genitive with fames. Jure = with good reason, then; referring to what precedes. - 20. Decus; because he preferred to remain an eques, when higher rank was in his power.-21-28. Quanto - feret. This sentiment approaches as near as possible to the fundamental rule of Christian morals. The accuracy of the picture in the next verses must not be insisted on too closely. It would imply that ~Iorace, a wealthy Epicurean, had thrown up his riches in contempt,. and gone over to the ranks of the Stoics. But as Horace never was rich, he could not have acted the deserter on these terms, though he changed his opinions. Horace may sometimes be supposed to put general maxims in the first person, without strict application to himself. Nudus signifies one who has left everything he had behind him. By contemptae he means, not that for which he had a contempt, as some explain it, but despised by others; i. e. the rich. Apulus. Apulia, with the exception of a comparatively small tract which was productive, was occupied with forests or pasture lands, or tracts of barren hills. But Horace likes to speak of his own country with respect. See on C. III. 5. 9. Arat; first syllable lengthened by the caesura. Occultare =to hoard; i. e. in order to raise the price. Meis is emphatic, as proprio horreo, C. I. I. 9. -29-32. Rivus; i. e. the Digentia. Certa fides. See C. III. I. 3o and note. Fallit beatior is a Greek construction, XavOdavE oX3tALrepov O"v. The meaning is: Mine is a happier lot than his who has all Africa for his own, though he knows not that it is so. Cf. sensit medios delapsus in hostes, for se delaysum esse, Virg. A. II. 377. -33-36. Calabrae apes. Tarentum in Calabria was famous for its honey. Laestrygonia amphora; i. e. a jar of Formian wine. Cf. Sabina diota, C. I. 9. 7. The inhabitants of Formiae in Latium supposed it to be the same as the Laestrygonia mentioned by Homer, Od. X. 8I. Languescit =ripens, mellows. Gallicis pascuis; i. e. the rich pastures in the basin of the Po. The wool from that region was famous. - 39 -44. Cupidine. See on C. II. i6. i5. There was a Mygdonia in.Mesopotamia, and Bithynia is said to have been called by that name of old. The Mygdonia of Asia Minor was not very clearly defined. Alyattei= of Alyatteus, or

Page 701 ODES. BOOK III. ODE XXIV. 70I Alyattes. See Gr. 46. 3. 5) and 92. 2. A. & S. 54. 5 and 73. I, R. Bene est; sc. ei= it is well with him; happy is he. Gr. 392 and 2. A. & S. 228. I. ODE XXIV. - This Ode is of the same class, and was probably. written about the same time as the early ones of Book III. It deals with the licentious abuses of the times, and points indirectly to Augustus as the real reformer of them, as in C. I. 2. The variety of images and illustrations in this Ode is very remarkable, and they are particularly well chosen and original. There is no one of the Odes that more completely exhibits Horace's peculiar style. 1-4. Intactis. Cn. Pompeius, Marcellus, and others had entered Arabia Petraea; but Arabia Felix, which is here referred to, had not yet been invaded. Caementis. See on C. II. i8. 20 and C. III. I. 35. Occupes. Gr. 5I5.' A. & S. 263. 2. Mare Apulicum would apply to the bay on which Tarentum is situated, and there the Romans had handsome villas. Horace, however, had the other sea more in mind, perhaps with reference to Baiae in particular, that place being situated on the northern projection of the Sinus Cuimanus. 5 - 8. Si - clavos. Some take this to mean: when Fate drives in the nails up to the heads. Others: when Fate has driven her adamantine nails into thy head; i. e. to kill thee. Others: when Fate, by driving her nails (C. I. 35. i8) into the roof of the house, puts an end to the work. On the whole, this last seems the most satisfactory interpretation. It is adopted by Orelli, Dillenb., Lincoln, and others. Maclcane prefers the second. Ritter suggests yet another explanation; that of Fate nailing'a man to the top of his house, as Prometheus was fastened. Mortis laqueis. Cf. Psalm cxvi. 3. - 9-16. Campestres - vivunt =.The nomadic Scythians live happier, whose wagons, as their custom is, carry their wandering homes. Getae. See Lzfe of Ovid, and Trist. IV. Io. IIo. The habits of the Suevi, as described by Caesar (B. G. IV. Io), are here assigned to the Getae. Inmmetata does not occur elsewhere. Virgil (G. I. I25, 126) and Ovid (M. I. 135, 136) make this freedom from enclosures a feature of the golden age. Fruges et Cererem = Cere)ris fruges. Gr. 704. II. I. A. & S. 323. 2 (3). Defunctumque laboribus is applied to death, C. II. 18. 38; here it means one who has finished his work. Aequali - vicarius = a substitute relieves him with an equal share (of toil). - 17- 24. Illic - innocens = there the guiltless wife is kind to her motherless step-children. Adultero. Gr. 419. II. and 4. 2). A. & S. 245. II. and R. I. Dos - castitas, i. e. an ample portion for wives is their virtue and that chastity which, living in unbroken bonds, shrinks from any other man (than the husband). Parentium. Gr. 89. II. 2, foot-note. A. & S. 82. II. 4. With Et

Page 702 702 NOTES ON HORACE. peocare repeat iXlic. Aut = alioquin. Peccare refers to violations of castitas. - 25-32. Quisquis = si quis. Pater Urbium is a title not found elsewhere, but is analogous to Pater Patriae, C. I. 2. 50. The phrase is the subject of subscribi. Postgenitis does not occur elsewhere. Quatenus -q uandoguidem, since. Cf. S.. I I. 64. Incolumem; i. e. of the living. The sentiment is repeated and illustrated, E. II.. o foll. - 33 - 44. Quid - reciditur; i. e. what is the use of complaining so sadly, if crime is to go unpunished? There were many perhaps who complained, as Horace did, of the state of society, but he says active measures are wanted for the suppression of crime, and these Augustus resorted to, by the enactment of laws regulating expense, marriage, etc. Cf. E. II. I. 3. Quid —proficiunt. "But then," he goes on, " laws are of little use, unless the character of the age supports them, for there are vices which the law cannot reach, such as the spirit of avarice," which he goes on to speak of. Tacitus has echoed Horace's words: Bonae leges minus vaeant gquam boni mores (Germ. I9). On the description of the torrid and frigid zones, cf. C. I. 22. 17 foll. and III. 3. 55, 56. On mercatores see on C. I. 3-. I2, Cf. Caes. B. G. I. I, where the enterprise of these men and the effects their visits had on uncivilized people, are noticed. Horrida — navitae. Cf. C. I. 3. 9 foll. Magnum - opprobrium =-(If) poverty (esteemed) a great disgrace. -45 -50. He recommends that the rich should take their wealth and offer it to the gods in the Capitol, or throw it into the sea; for multitudes would applaud such a sacrifice, and accompany those who made it to the temple. Lapides, Dillenb. says, are pearls. He quotes Ov. Med. Fac. 20, 21: conspicuamn gemmis vultis habere manum, Induitis collo laoides oriente paratos. Many similar examples might be given; as Catullus, 68. 3: pellucidZdi de'iciis Zla5idis; Seneca, in Hippol. 39I: niveus lapis... Indici donuan maris; also, in Herc. Oet. 66i: lapis Eoa lectus in unda; Martial, XI. 50. 4: gemma vel a digito, vel cadit aure lapis, etc. Scelerum. Gr. 4I0. III. A. & S. 2I5. Poenitet; sc. nos.- 54:-58. Formandae. The word occurs in the same sense, C. I. 10o. 3; E. II. I. 128, etc. Ludere. See on pati, C. I. I. I8. The trochus was a hoop of metal, and it was guided by a rod with a hook at the end, such as boys use now. Horace means to say that the young are brought up in idle, dissipated habits, and instead of manly exercises they amuse themselves with the childish Greek sports and gambling, while their fathers are employed in making money by fraud. Malis; from malle. There were laws at Rome, as there are with us, against gaming, which practice was nevertheless very prevalent among all classes, in the degenerate times of the republic and the empire. Juvenal complains that young children learnt it from their fathers (XIV. 4). Cicero charges M. Antonius with

Page 703 ODES. BOOK III. ODE XXIX. 703 being a great gambler, and with pardoning a certain condemned gambler with whom he had been in the habit of playing (Phil. II.:3).'- 59- 64. Perjura patris fides; i. e. his perjured and faithless father. Consortem socium means the partner whose capital (sors) was embarked with his own. The Romans held it to be a very serious offence for a man to cheat his partner. Cicero (pro Rosc. Am. C. 40) says: in rebus minoribus fallere socium tzurpissimumn est. Horace couples the crimes of cheating a partner and a ward in E. II. 1. I23. Properet = hastens (to heap up). Scilicet - rei = of course, vile wealth increases; still something is ever lacking to (what seems) the incomplete fortune. Improbus is one of the most difficult words to which to assign its proper meaning. Orelli has quoted instances in which it is applied to labor, a jackdaw, a man, a mountain, a tiger, winter, and the Hadriatic Sea. He might have added others, as self-love, an old woman, an angry man, etc. It implies "excess," and that excess must be expressed according to the subject described. ODE XXIX. - This is an invitation from the poet to his patron, pressing him to pay him a visit at his farm. He bids him throw off the cares of the state, and live for the enjoyment of the hour. The time is the dog-days. The year is uncertain. 1-4. Tyrrhena -progenies. Cf. C. I. i. I. Lene; like molle, C. I. 7. I9. Verso=broached.. Cado. Gr. 422. I. 2). A. & S. 254, R. 3. The balanus was an oleaginous nut, here put for the oil obtained from it. - 5 - 8. Vlorae. Gr. 385. 4. A. & S. 224, R. 2. N'e is more abrupt, and therefore more spirited than nec, which some editors prefer; but either is well enough. Udum is an epithet commonly applied to Tibur, which stood on the banks of the Anio. The town itself was built on the side of a hill (C. III. 4. 23), but the fields below seem to have been damp (see C. I. 7. I4) from a number of small streams which watered them. It appears that Maecenas was sighing for the country all the time he was detained at Rome. Telegonus, son of Ulysses and Circe, was the reputed founder of Tusculum and Praeneste. One of the legends of the death of Ulysses attributes it to this son. Aesula was probably a town between Praeneste and Tibur, but no traces of its site remain, and Pliny says that it no longer existed in his time (III. 5). On contempleris see Gr. 488. II. A. & S. 260, R. 6. -10. Molem refers to the palace of Maecenas on the Esquiline hill.- 11. Omitte. This is the only instance in this book of an iambus at the beginning of the third verse. It occurs four times in the First book, and twice in the Second. It does not occur in the Fourth. On mirari, see on sectari, C. I. 38.3. - 14-.16. Lare. See on C. I. 12. 43. On aulaeis and ostro, see on Virg. A. I. 697, 700. Sollicitam- frontem = have smoothed

Page 704 704- NOTES ON HORACE. the anxious brow. Gr. 471. 3. -17-19. Andromedae pater; i. e. Cepheus. See on Ov. M. IV. 669, 670. Procyon is the chief star in the constellation Canis Minor. Its heliacal rising is about the twentieth of July, when the sun enters Leo. Stella is here = sidus, constellation. -23. Silvani. See on Virg. G. I. 20. -25- 28. Cf. C. III. 8. 17. Seres. See on C. I. 12. 56. The Bactrians, formerly part of the Persian empire, were at this time subject partly to the Parthians and partly to a Scythian race, the Tochari. Bactra was their capital. Tanais, the Don, is put for the tribes on its banks. Discors; i. e. quarrelling among themselves, and therefore the less to be feared. - 29 - 32. Prudens; i. e. with wise forethought. Temporis limits exitum; "the issues of the future" (Martin). Nocte premit = "hath suppressed in night" (Milton). Fas here seems to mean "the law of reason" (Lincoln), but Ritter translates it: termzinos a coelesti numzine positos. Quod adest; i. e. the present. -34- 39. Aequore = alveo, which is the reading of many MSS.. and most editors. Since one of the words is an invention, it is more likely to be the commoner word, alveo. The next line describes well the quiet flow of a river. Stirpesque raptas; i. e. uprooted trees. Clamore = reverberation. - 41- 44. Potens sui. Cf. Sir Henry Wotton's "Lord of himself, though not of lands." In diem; for the more usual in dies = quotidie. Vixi. Lincoln aptly quotes Dryden: "To-morrow do thy worst, for I have lived to-day." Occupato. Gr. 535. 2. On the passage, cf. C. II. Io. 15 foll. —46-48. Retro est =is past. Gr. 353. 2. Diffinget. See on C. I. 35. 39. Vexit = avexit, has borne away. - 50. Ludere. See on pati, C. I. I. I8. On the passage, cf. C. I. 34. I2 foell. -53 - 56. Manentem; sc. eam. Si = sin, as often in Horace. Resigno = rescribo, I pay back. Cf. Festus: Resignare antiqui dicebant pro rescribere. Mea -involvo = I wrap myself in my (cloak of) integrity; i. e. in contented indifference to the freaks of Fortune. Probamque - quaero- and choose honest poverty (as a bride) without a portion. - 57- 64. Meum. Gr. 404. I. A. & S. 2II, R. 8 (3) (a). Africis procellis. See on C. I. I. I5, and cf. C. I. I4. 4. Votis pacisci -to bargain with vows. Cypriae Tyriaeque merces. Cyprus abounded in copper (which thence gets its name), gold, silver, and precious stones. It exported wines also and oil. The trade of Phoenicia was carried on to some extent through Tyre, but more largely through Sidon. Avaro. Cf. avaris terris, C. II. 2. I. Biremis_ two-oared; usually, having two banks of oars. Geminusque Pollux is a poetical expression for Pollux curm gemino fratre. See on C. I. 3. 2; C. I. I2. 25 fell. ODE XXX. - This Ode appears to have been written as an epi

Page 705 ODES. BOOK III. ODE XXX. 705 logue to the first three books, as C. I. I. was the prologue. It expresses the conviction, which time has justified, that, through his Odes, Horace had achieved an immortal name. The same just pride had been shown by poets before him; as by Sappho, in a poem of which the first line only has been preserved, uv'o-rac-Oat riva Oat KaL vOrEpoyv adtecov (!6 Bergk.); and by Ennius, in the lines: Nemo me lacrimis decoret nec funera fletu Faxit. Cur? volito vivu' per ora virum, which words Virgil has made his own (G. III. 9). Propertius (III. I), Ovid (Met. XV. 87I foell. quoted on Ov. Trist. IV. Io. I30, page 426), and Martial (X. 2. 7 foll.) have all imitated Horace very closely. 1- 3. Aere; i. e. bronze statues or memorial tablets. Regalique - altius —= and loftier than the regal pile of the pyramids. Situ for.mole is unusual. Impotens (sc. sui/-= uncontrolled, violent. - 7-9. Libitinam; one of the oldest Roman deities, her worship dating back to the days of Numa, who identified her with Venus. She presided over funerals and all things pertaining to the dead. In her temple all things required at funerals were kept for purchase or hire. Usque = continually; a sense in which it occurs only in poetry, and always joined to a verb. - 8. 9. Dum - pontifex; i. e. while the Pontifex Maximus shall, on the Ides of every month, go up to the Capitol to offer sacrifice, the Vestal virgins walking silently in the procession, the boys at the same time singing hymns. With a Roman this was equivalent to saying "forever." - 10 - 16. Dicar -modos. The meaning is: It will be said on the banks of my native river (i. e. the Aufidus. See L/fe), that I, a humble man made great, was the first to fit the Grecian strain to the Italian lyre. The clause qua -popzuorum seems naturally connected with dicar, but Orelli and others make it depend on ibi natus understood, and some on deduxisse, etc. Daunus was an ancient king of Apulia, which was badly watered; hence pauper aquae, the epithet being transferred from the country to the king. Populorum. Gr. 409. 3. A. & S. 220. 4. Aeolium carmen. See on C. II. I3. 24, and cf. C. IV. 3. I2. See also Virg. G. II. 176. Quaesitam meritis earned by thy merits; i. e. justly thy due. Mihi. Gr. 398. 5. A. & S. 2II, R. 5 (I). Delphica lauro'is the same as laurea Apollinari, C. IV. 2. 9. Volens =propitious. Melpomene. See on C. I. I2. 2, and cf. C. I. 24. 3. 45

Page 706 70o6 NOTES ON HORACE. THE ODES. BOOK IV. IT is clear that Horace, after the publication of the first three books of his Odes, laid aside that style, or wrote in it only occasionally, and turned to the more serious task which employed him in his Epistles. Of the lighter sort of lyrics, therefore, we find but few in this book, and those probably inserted to fill out the volume. The moral and historical Odes are not surpassed by any of his earlier compositions. ODE II. - Iulus Antonius was son of M. Antonius the triumvir. He was a man of letters and a poet. In B. C. I7 the Sigambri, with two other German tribes, crossed the Rhine and laid waste part of the Roman territory in Gaul. They defeated the legate Lollius, and this disaster was sufficient to induce Augustus to go in person to Gaul. At his approach the Germans withdrew into their own territories, and, giving hostages, obtained peace. The defeat of Lollius had caused great consternation at Rome, and the news of the subjection of the barbarians was hailed with proportionate joy. Augus tus did not return for two years to Rome, having meanwhile restored order in Germany, Gaul, and Spain; but it is probable this Ode was written in the expectation of his return, and while the news respecting the Sigambri was still fresh, that is to say, about the end of B. C. I6. The general impression derived from the Ode is that Antonius had pressed Horace to write a poem in honor of Augustus's victory in the style of Pindar's 7rrLtvKLa, and that he very wisely declined. At the same time he pays Antonius the compliment of saying that he could celebrate Augustus's victory better than himself. 1 - 4. Pindar, the greatest lyric poet of Greece, was born in or near Thebes, about B. C. 522, and died B. C. 442. He wrote a great number of odes, hymns to the gods, paeans, dithyrambs, dancing-songs, drinkingsongs, dirges, panegyrics, etc., but none of his poems have come down to us except his IT~lvtKa, or triumphal odes, the four books of which celebrate victories gained in the Olympian, Pythian, Nemean, and Isthmian games. Iule. Virgil makes this name a trisyllable, after the Greek. The maternal grandmother of Antonius wds Julia,. one of the family of the Caesars. For the story of Daedalus and Icarus see Ov. M. VIII. I83 foll. and Virg. A. VI. I4 foll. Pennis. Gr. 4I9. II. A. & S. 245. II. I. Cf. Virg. A. IV. 252. Polnto Cf. Icariis /uctibus, C. I.. 15. -6 - 8. Notas = consuetas. Cf. C. I. 2. Io; Virg. A. VI. 22I; and Tacitus, Agric. I8: nota vanda. Aluere = have raised. Immensus = "unconfinced; transcending the ordi

Page 707 ODES. BOOK IV. ODE} IT. 707 nary limits of poetic license" (Lincoln). Osborne translates: "Pindar foams and rolls on, unconfined, with his mighty depth of expression." Martin: "So deep-mouthed Pindar lifts his voice, and pours His fierce tumultuous song." -10-12. The dithyrambus, of which word the etymology is uncertain, was a song in honor of Bacchus, and sung at his festivals. It was wild and enthusiastic in its character. Nova verba signifies words coined for the occasion, as was common, and to be expected from the nature of the poetry, of which the metre seemed to a Roman irregular and arbitary (lege solutis). A few fragments remain of dithyrambic poems by Pindar.- 13-16. These verses refer to Pindar's hymns in honor of gods and heroes. See on v. I. He may have written on the victory of Pirithous (see on Virg. A. VI. 393, 6oi, and cf. C. III. 4. 80) over the Centaurs, and that of Bellerophon over the Chimaera. See on Virg. A. VI. 288. On sanguinem, cf. C. II. 20. 6. Justa; because the Centaurs had carried off Hippodamia, the bride of Pirithous. - 17- 20. This stanza refers to the rtLVKLam. See on v. I. Elea - coelestes. See on C. I. I. 5, 6 and Virg. G. I. 59. The chariot-race and boxing were the chief features of these games. Signis = statues. Gr. 417. 2. 3). A. & S. 256, R. 5 (b), where for " never " read " very rarely." - 2124. This stanza refers to the Opivol, or dirges, of Pindar. Onfebizi, here used actively, cf. C. I. 24. 9, where it is used passively. Sponsae. Gr. 385. 4. A. & S. 224, R. 2. Moresque aureos = and his golden virtues. Cf. auream mediocritatem, C. II. Io. 5. The metaphor is a familiar one in all languages. So educit in astra= extols to the stars. Cf. Virg. E. V. 51I, 52; A. III. I58; A. IV. 322, etc. Nigroque - Orco; i. e. saves his name from oblivion. See on C. I. 24. iS. -I8. 25 - 32. Multa cyonum = a strong breeze lifts the swan of Dirce; i. e. Pindar. Dirce was a fountain near Thebes. Cf. Ov. M. II. 239. On the swan as a bird of song, cf. C. IV. 3. 20; Ov. M. V. 387; Virg. E. IX. 29; A. I. 398. For this reason it was sacred to Apollo (Cicero, Tusc. I. 30). Ritter gives cygnus when the penult is long, as here; cycnus when it is short, as in the next Ode. 2iMons MTzinus was in Apulia. On uvidi, cf. C. III. 29. 6. Ripas; the banks (of the Anio). Plurimum; with laborem. Operosa. See remarks on the Odes, in Life. Fingo corresponds to s7Xdrrco, which the Greeks applied especially to the making of honey. - 33 - 36. M1Vajore - plectro; i. e. -a poet of higher strain. "But thou... with bolder hand the echoing strings shalt sweep " (Martin). Feroces; because they had hanged the Roman officers who came to collect their tribute. The clivus sacer was'a declivity between the Via Sacra and the Forum, down which the triumphal processions passed. A certain number of prisoners usually walked behind the victor, and when the procession reached a certain point in the Forum,

Page 708 708 NOTES ON HORACE. they were carried off to prison and strangled. Cf. Ep. VII. 8. Fronde; i. e. laurel. The Sygambri (Sug-, Sig-, Syc-, or Sic-ambri) were a powerful tribe in Germany, between the Rhine and the Luppia, now the Lipe.- 39, 40. In aurum priscumn = to their ancient gold; i. e. the golden age. See on Ov. M. I. 89 foll. Cf. Milton: " Time will run back, and fetch the age of gold." -- 4. A justitium had been ordered by the senate; i. e. a suspension of the courts and of business generally. Litibus. Gr. 4I9. III. A. & S. 213, R. 5 (4). - 46 - 48. Sol = dies. Felix may refer either to sol or to the subject of canam. — 49 - 51. Triumphus is addressed as a divinity. Horace says: As thou marchest, we will shout thus thy name, Io Triumphe! and again, Io Triumphe! Civitas omnis the whole city (of us); all we citizens. - 53 - 60. Te. Iulus was rich. Me - vitulus. Cf. C. II. i7. 32. Juvenescit =juvencus fit. Vota; sc. solvenda. Fronte - ortum = imitating with its forehead the crescent fires of the moon when she brings back her third rising; i. e. its young horns curved like the new moon. Duxit = contracted, received. Videri. Cf. major videri, Virg. A. VI. 49. Cetera. Gr. 380. 2. A. & S. 234. II. R. 3. ODE III.- The publication of his three books of Odes had doubtless established Horace in the high position he here asserts as Romanae fidicen lyrae; and when, after several years' silence, he produced the Carmen Seculare in B. C. 17, it was received probably with so much favor as to draw forth this Ode. It is an address to the Muse, gratefully attributing to her all his success. 1-4. Melpomene. See on C. I. I2. 2. Nascentera = at his birth. The Zsthmian games were celebrated every third year, on the Isthmus of Corinth, and, like the Olympian games, were attended by all the Greek states. Clarabit — shall make famous; a sense not found elsewhere. - 8. Curru - Achaico may refer to the Olympian chariot-races (cf. C. I. I. 3), or the Greek games generally may be meant. Achaico is often- Graeco. Deliis foliis is like Delphica lauro, C. III. 30. 15 and laurea Apollinari, C. IV. 2. 9. Cf. v. 35, preceding Ode. Quod contuderit=because he has crushed. Gr. 520. II. A. & S. 266. 3. Capitolio= the Capitol; where the triumphal procession ended, and the victor returned thanks to Jove in his temple. - 10 - 12. Aquae; i. e. the Anio. He says the waters that flow past Tibur and the leafy groves shall make him glorious with the song of Lesbos, which he practices by the stream and in the grove. Cf. C. I. I. 34; III. 30. 13, etc. Comae. Ovid, Virgil, Tibullus, and other poets use the same metaphor. - 16. See Introd. and Life. Cf. C. II. 20. 4. - 17 - 20. Testudinis aureae = Xpvtr cP op!LutyyOS (Pindar, Pyth. I. I). See on C. I. Io. 6. Fieri. The singular is not

Page 709 ODES. BOOK IV. ODE IV. 709 common. See on Ov. M. V. Introd. Donatura = qztae donare vales. Cycni. See on v. 25, preceding Ode.- 21-24. IlMuneris. Gr. 402. I. A. & S. 2II, R. 8 (3). Pidicen; predicate nominative with monstror. Spiro; i. e. am inspired as a poet. Tuum. Gr. 404. I. A. & S. 211, R. 8 (3) (a). ODE IV. - The Vindelici were a tribe whose territories lay between the Danube and the Lake of Constanz, comprising the greater part of modern Bavaria and Suabia, and some part of the Tyrol. The Raeti lay to the south of the Vindelici, and reached to Lake Como on the south. These tribes, whom the historians describe as very fierce and warlike, commenced a system of predatory incursions into Cisalpine Gaul, in which they appear to have practised the greatest atrocities. Augustus was at this time (B. C. I6- I5) in Transalpine Gaul, and Tiberius was with him. Drusus, his step-son, and younger brother of Tiberius, was Quaestor at Rome, and in his twenty-third year. He was required by Augustus to take the field against the offending tribes, whom he met under the Tridentine Alps and defeated signally. But, though driven from Italy, they continued their attacks upon. Gaul, and Tiberius was accordingly sent by Augustus with more troops to his brother's assistance, and they between them effectually humbled the tribes, whose territories were constituted a Roman province. From C. IV. 14. 34- 38, we infer that the war was brought to an end in August, B. C. 15, on the anniversary of the capture of Alexandria by Augustus, B. C. 30 (see C. I. 37. Introd.). In honor of these victories Horace wrote this Ode and Ode XIV., the one more expressly to celebrate the name of Drusus, the other of Tiberius. 1. Qualem. This comparison extends through v. I6. The correlative taleme is understood with Drusum, v. 18. The order of translation is: Qua/em olim juventas et tatrius vigor propSuit nido inscium laborum aliterm ministrum fuiminis, cui yuppiter, rex deorum, permisit regrnvum in va gas aves, expertus (eum) fide/eimr in favo Ganymede, vernique venti, nimbis yam remotis, docuere paventem insolitos nisus; max vividius impetus demisit (eum) hostem... (tamer) Vindelici videre Drusum, etc. Virgil calls the eagle yovis armiger, A. V. 255. -4. In -in the case of. Cf. in hoste, Virg. A. II. 39o. Ganymede. See on Virg. A. I. 28, and cf. A. V. 252 foll. Flavo =pulchro; like eavOs.- 5. Olim. See on C. II. io. I7. Patrius vigor = hereditary strength. Some take patrius - inscium to mean that the parent bird drives him from the nest that he may learn to fly.- 10-12. Vividus impetus = a quick instinct. Reluctantes = writhing. For egit and the other perfects see Gr. 47I. 3. - 14-16. Ab - depulsum; i. e. just weaned. Depu/sus a lacte (Virg. E. VII. I5) and de

Page 710 710 NOTES ON HORACE. pulsus ab ubere are both common phrases, and Horace here combines them. Some, to get rid of the tautology, have made ubere an adjective with lacte, which seems to us much worse than the tautology. Dillenb. who had adopted this view, gives it up in his last edition (I860) for the one we have preferred. Ritter refersfulvae - ubere to capreae: as the weaned goat sees the weaned lion. It is hardly possible that critical ingenuity will devise a worse rendering than that. — 18. Drusum. Nero Claudius Drusus was the son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia, who was divorced by Nero and married to Augustus. He was a great favorite of Augustus, and Velleius Paterculus (II. 97) says that he possessed every natural endowment carried by culture to perfection. Quibus. Gr. 398. 5. A. & S. 211, R. 5 (.I). — 19- 21. Unde deductus depends on quaerere. The whole passage quibus - omnia is awkward and prosaic, and may, as some critics think, be an interpolation. Dillenb. thinks that, if it is bad, Horace himself should bear the blame of it, and not some innocent copyist or scholiast. Ritter says: est diZressio et ly;rico poeta digna et ihuic loco apte inserviens. Amazonia. See on Virg. A. I. 490. - 22. Sed is commonly used after digressions to recover the thread of the subject.- 25. Mens refers to the head, indoles to the heart. - 28. Nerones; Drusus and his brother, Tiberius Claudius Nero. The former was not born until three months after Livia mar. ried Augustus. -29. Horace probably had in mind the words of Euripides (Fr. Alcm. 7): crOXciv acr' 6Ivpv piEAOXa ytyyE(rOaL 7TEKa, KaCKoV 80' Lota 7r7 (IVOEL 7T rot rarpao'. Fortibus et bonis (Gr. 425. 3. 4). A. & S. 246, R. I) corresponds to the common Greek expression, which it is so difficult to render, KaXoLs KayaOois. Horace does not refer to the father of these youths, who was a worthless person, but generally to their family, the Claudia gens, among whom were many persons of distinction. They were divided into a patrician and a plebeian branch. To the latter belonged the Marcelli. See on C. I. I2. 46. - 33. Doctrina - insitam = "Yet training quickens power inborn" (Martin). - 35. Utcumque = quandocumque, or (Dillenb.) simul ac. - 36. Bene nata bonam indolem. Culpae = vilia. - 37. Neronibus. Claudius Nero, who was of the same family as Tiberius and Drusus, defeated and slew Hasdrubal, when he was coming to the help of Hannibal, B. C. 207, on the banks of the Metaurus, a river in the north of Italy. Hannibal had been nearly eleven years in Italy, and had met with few reverses, but after his brother's defeat his cause failed, and, though he remained four years longer in Italy, it was far away in the mountains of the south, and the Romans ceased to be

Page 711 ODES. BOOK IV. ODE IV. 71 harassed by him. -41. Adorea. Ador was a coarse grain, called by the Greeks Ea,I, but the name was applied to grain in general, and in the form adorea signified the supply of corn given to soldiers after a victory, and hence victory itself. -42. Dirus. This epithet is thrice applied by Horace to Hannibal, whom with reason the Romans held in greater respect than any other enemy they ever had. Ut = ever since; as in Ep. VII. I9. - 43. Taedas; not torches, but a blazing forest of pines. Burus. Cf. the picture in Virg. A. II. 417, 418.-'45 -48. Post hoc; i. e. after the victory of Claudius. Usque = continually. Rectos = re-established; i. e. their statues, thrown down by the enemy, were set up again. -49 - 53. Perfidus is the pet epithet for Hannibal with the Roman writers. Sectamur - triumphus = We are pushing on and pursuing those whom to evade and to escape is our noblest triumph. There is often some difficulty in translating ultro. Uls is an old preposition involving the same root as ille, and signifying "on the other side of," opposed to cis. Ultro signifies to a place beyond, as ultra at a place beyond. If ultro, therefore, ever means "voluntarily," it is not as involving the root vol of volo, but as implying forwardness to do what one is not obliged or asked to do. Cf. Livy, XXVII. 51I.- 53 - 56. Gens - aequoribus. Aeneas had just rounded the western promontory of Sicily, and entered the Mare Tyrrhenum, when the storm arose that drove him back to the coast of Africa. Cf. Virg. A. I. 67 foll.; III. 705 foll. Sacra. Aeneas brought with him to Rome the fire of Vesta and the images of the Penates pubzici, who were ever after worshipped there. They were the protectors of the city, as the Penates domestici or privati were of private houses, and like them were worshipped as Lares. Ausonias. See on Virg. G. II. 385, andcf. A. IV. 349, etc. - 58. Algidus was a mountain in Latium sacred to Diana, often called nivalis, gelidus, etc., from its temperature. - 59. Per damna. Cf. Livy, XXIX. 3: Illis Romanam plebem, illis Latium juventutem praebuisse majorem semper frequentioremzque pro tot caesis adolescentibus suboiescentez. - 61. Hydra. See on belua Lernae, Virg. A. VI. 287, 803. - 62. Vinci dolentem = indignant at the thought of being beaten; or, refusing to be beaten. Cf. metuente solvi, C. II. 2. 7.63, 64. Colchi. Jason, when he went for the golden fleece, sowed at Colchis part of the teeth of the dragon which Cadmus had killed, and whose teeth he had sown at Thebes. From both sprung up armed men, to whom Hannibal here likens the Romans. Echion was one of the y-yEvqE1, earth-born, who helped Cadmus to build Thebes, which is therefore called after him. Cf. Ov. M. III. 50 foll. - 65. Merses; subjunctive with si omitted. Gr. 503. i. A. & S. 26I, R. I. So luctere. - 69. Karthagini = ad Karthaginem. Gr. 379. 5. A. & S. 225. IV. R. 2. - 70. Superbos = exultant; as after the

Page 712 ~712 NOTES ON HORACE. battle of Cannae. - 75, 76. Curae sagaces; i. e. the forethought and sagacity of Augustus. Expediunt = carry them through. Acuta belli = the perils of war. Gr. 438. 5. A. & S. 205, R. 9 (b). ODE VII. - Who Torquatus was we have no means of deciding. The Ode bears a strong likeness to C. I. 4, and may very likely have been written about the same time, and afterwards inserted here to help out a volume. It contains an exhortation to present enjoyment, since Death is certainly at hand for all. 2 - 6. Comae. See on C. IV. 3. I. Mutat vices = undergoes its changes. Gr. 371. I. 3). A. & S. 232 (I). Praetereunt; i. e. return within. Gratia — choros. Cf. C. I. 4. 6. The Graces were sometimes represented nude, sometimes with drapery. - 7. Speres. Gr. 492. 2. A. & S. 218, R. 2. Almurn. See on Virg. G. I. 7. Cf. A. V. 64.-9 -12. Frigora = the cold (of winter). Zephyris = the breezes (of spring). Cf. C. I. 4. I. Proterit. Cf. C. II. I8. I5. Simul; sc. ac. Iners = dull; torpid. - 13 - 16. Damna —lunae. Tamnen shows that the changes and deteriorations of the seasons are meant, and celeres lunae are the quick-revolving months. Decidimus; i. e. go to the lower world. Tullus et Ancus. See on Virg. A. VI. 814, 815. Horace means that not piety, nor wealth, nor power can bring back the dead.-17-20. An. Gr. 526. II. 2). A. & S. I98. II, R. (e). HEodiernae summae; i. e. to the sum (of the past) which to-day completes. Amico - anirno = whatever thou givest thine own dear self; a literal version of /qilX xAvxii Xap(troaL. The meaning is: " in which you have indulged your inclination." -2122. Splendida arbitria =judgment august. Minos. See on Virg. A. VI. 432. Cf. C. II. 13. 23. -25-28. Hippolytus was the son of Theseus and Hippolyte, queen of the Amazons. He was killed by being thrown from his chariot while riding on the sea-shore. He was a favorite of Diana, who induced Aesculapius to restore him to life, and according to Ovid (M. XV. 543 foll.) put him under the protection of the nymph Egeria, in the woods of Aricia, where he was worshipped as a god. Horace follows the earlier Greek legend. Lethaea. See on Virg. A. VI. 705. Theseus. See on A. VI. 6r7. Pirithoo. See on C. III. 4. 80. The common story of Theseus and his friend is, that, both having been consigned to their punishment together, Hercules went down and delivered Theseus, leaving Pirithous to his fate. This may be the legend Horace follows: for it may be understood that Theseus pleaded for Pirithous when he was himself returning, but failed to obtain his release. ODE XIV. - The circumstances under which this Ode was written

Page 713 ODES. BOOK IV. ODE XIV. 713 are given in the Introduction to C. 4 of this book. The common inscriptions, which make it an address in honor of Augustus, sufficiently describe the spirit of it, though its professed purpose is to celebrate the part which Tiberius took in the victories over the German tribes. The Ode for Drusus was probably written soon after the end of the war, but this not till Augustus returned from Gaul, two years afterwards. 4, 5. Titulos = inscriptions; i. e. on triumphal arches and other monuments. Fastos; i. e. public registers, or chronicles, called memores as preserving the memory of events for posterity. - 7-11. Quem didicere... quid posses. This kind of attraction is common in Greek, and not uncommon in Plautus and Terence. Cf. Gr. 445. 9. A. & S. 206 (6). Marte. Cf. C. II. 14. 13; III. 5. 24, 34, etc. Milite; used collectively. Cf. Virg. A. II. 20. The Genauni lived between lakes Verbanus (Maggiore) and Larius (Como). The Breuni, another Alpine tribe, lived near the source of the Oenus (Inn). - 13. Plus vice simplici = with more than an even exchange; i. e. of blood. Cf. vv. 3I, 32. Gr. 417. 3. A. & S. 256, R. 6 (a). - 14. Major; i. e. Tiberius. - 17-19. Spectandus.. quantis... ruinis = worthy of admiration, with what destruction; i. e. worthy of admiration for the destruction with which. It is an imitation of the Greek idiom Oavlaor6os o'(rols. Devota - liberae - hearts devoted to a freeman's death. - 20. The fourth verse of the Alcaic stanza is often constructed with a noun and its adjective in the first and last place, and corresponding in their final syllables. See vv. I2, i6, 20, 36, 52, and cf. other Odes. Prope is rarely used by the poets in comparisons. Ritter joins, it with indomitas.- 21. Pleiadum. See on Adtantides, Virg. G. I. 221. - 23, 24. Vexare. See on pati, C. I. I. iS.. Ignes = the flames (of war). -25. Tauriformis is taken from the Greek ravpdC!opqos, applied to the Cephisus by Euripides (Ion. 126i). Cf. Virg. G. IV. 37I: gemina auratus taurino cornua vultzt Eridanzs; and A. VIII. 77: Corniger zluvius. This conception of the river-god was probably suggested by the rush and roar of the waters. Cf. C. IV. 9. 2; III. 30. I0. - 26. Dauni See on C. I. 22. 14; III. 30. II. - 30. Ferrata = mailed. 31, 32. Metendo. Horace (like Virgil, A. X. 513, Proxima rzuaeque metit gladio) gets his metaphor from Homer (I1. XI. 67), oL 8' mr' dPrTipEs evavTrloL aJXXIXotrtw'Oystov EXavvo)rtv - Humum; direct object of stravit. Clade; i. e. of his own men. - 34. Divos. Augustus had the ausyicium, and his step-sons were his legati. See on C. I. 7. 27. Quo die. See C. I. 37. Introd. and C. IV. 4. Introd. - 39, 40. Laudemque - arrogavit; i. e. claimed for the wars carried on under thy command the glory thou didst desire. What follows is a compendious review of the successes of Augustus, all of which have

Page 714 7I 4 NOTES ON HORACE. been noticed in these Odes. Before the present Ode was written, the Cantabri had been finally subdued by Agrippa; the Parthians had restored the standards of Crassus and M. Antonius; the Scythians had sent to ask to be taken into alliance; the distant nations of Asia had done the same (see C. S. 55 foll.); the successes of Lentulus had checked the inroads of the tribes of the Danube (C. II. 9. 23); Egypt had long been a tributary province; Armenia (Tigris) had been ceded by the Parthians; Britain, though only threatened, had sent tokens of submission. Au